Comprehensive Nursing Care

by Ramont, Roberta Pavy; Niedringhaus, Dee; Towle, Mary Ann

• ISBN13: 9780130990884
• ISBN10: 0130990884
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover w/CD
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Part of the Prentice Hall LPN/LVN-specific series, this streamlined but comprehensive text covers the main content areas that every LPN/LVN needs to know.Topics include fundamentals, medical-surgical, mental health, maternal-newborn, pediatrics, and leadership (professionalism and transition to practice). It also details what users need to know and do in order to deliver safe and effective nursing care in a variety of settings. It focuses on the information and essential skills that will help ensure clinical and NCLEX-PN test-taking success, as well as addresses the LPN/LVN scope of practice and relationship to the registered nurse.Licensed Practical Nursing Students and Licensed Vocational Nursing Students.

Table of Contents

PART I FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING	1	(1)
UNIT I The Nature of Nursing	1	(74)
Succeeding as a Nursing Student	2	(14)
Reading This Textbook	3	(1)
Studying Effectively	3	(1)
Managing Time	3	(1)
Taking Tests	4	(2)
Answering Multiple-Choice Questions	4	(2)
Answering Essay, Short-Answer, or Calculation Questions	6	(1)
Participating in Clinical Experiences	6	(1)
Overview of Nursing History	7	(2)
Nightingale (1820-1910)	7	(1)
Barton (1812-1912)	8	(1)
Wald (1867-1940)	8	(1)
Dock (1858-1956)	8	(1)
Male Nurses in History	9	(1)
History of LPN/LVNs	9	(1)
Practical/Vocational Nursing Today	9	(2)
Our Customers	9	(1)
Our Purpose	10	(1)
Our Standards	11	(1)
Our Work Settings	11	(1)
Professional Organizations for LPN/LVN Students and Graduates	11	(2)
National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service	11	(1)
National League for Nursing	11	(1)
National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses	11	(2)
Student Organizations	13	(3)
Health Occupations Students of America	13	(3)
Promoting Culturally Proficient Care	16	(10)
Development of Cross-Cultural Nursing	17	(1)
Theoretical Basis for Transcultural Nursing	17	(2)
Segregation and Discrimination	19	(1)
Culturally Based Communication	19	(1)
Verbal Communication	19	(1)
Nonverbal Communication	19	(1)
Transcultural Communication and Client Concerns	19	(1)
Preventing Errors and Noncompliance	19	(1)
Ensuring Informed Consent	20	(1)
Reducing Client Stress and Anxiety	20	(1)
Providing Customer Satisfaction	20	(1)
Subculture of Health Care	20	(1)
Cultural Empathy	20	(1)
Nursing Care	20	(6)
Understanding Legal and Ethical Issues	26	(18)
Understanding Legal Issues	27	(1)
Types of Legal Actions	27	(3)
Unintentional Torts	27	(2)
Intentional Torts	29	(1)
Criminal Law	30	(1)
Regulation of Nursing Practice	30	(2)
Licensure and Registration	30	(1)
Accreditation/Approval of Basic Nursing Education Programs	30	(1)
Nurse Practice Acts	30	(1)
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act	30	(1)
Standards of Practice	31	(1)
Good Samaritan Acts	31	(1)
Student Nurses	31	(1)
Professional Liability Insurance	32	(1)
Nurses as Witnesses	32	(1)
Selected Legal Aspects of Nursing Practice	32	(5)
Providing Competent Nursing Care	32	(1)
Carrying Out Physician's Orders	32	(1)
Record Keeping	33	(1)
The Incident Report	33	(2)
Informed Consent	35	(1)
Controlled Substances	36	(1)
Sexual Harassment	36	(1)
Reporting Crimes, Torts, and Unsafe Practices	37	(1)
Americans with Disabilities Act	37	(1)
Understanding Ethical Issues	37	(1)
Ethical Concepts	37	(1)
Moral Concepts	37	(1)
Nursing Ethics	38	(6)
Origins of Ethical Problems in Nursing	38	(1)
Making Ethical Decisions	38	(1)
Specific Ethical Issues	39	(5)
Critical Thinking and Nursing Theories	44	(12)
Critical Thinking	45	(2)
Methods of Problem Solving	45	(1)
Types of Reasoning	45	(1)
Applying Critical Thinking to Nursing	46	(1)
Using Critical Thinking to Make Nursing Decisions	47	(3)
The Nursing Process	47	(1)
Practicing Critical Thinking	48	(1)
Critical Thinking Care Map	48	(2)
Theories and Models	50	(6)
Introduction to Nursing Theories	50	(1)
Essential Elements in Nursing Theory	50	(1)
Non-Nursing Models	50	(1)
Significance of Models and Theories	50	(6)
Practical and Vocational Nurses and the Nursing Process	56	(19)
Components of the Nursing Process	57	(1)
Role of the LPN/LVN in the Nursing Process	58	(1)
Assessment	58	(2)
Collecting Data	58	(1)
Data Collection Methods	58	(2)
Documenting Data	60	(1)
Diagnosis	60	(1)
Components of a NANDA Nursing Diagnosis	60	(1)
Two-Part and Three-Part Nursing Diagnosis Statements	61	(1)
Planning	61	(5)
Nursing Care Plans	61	(4)
The Planning Process	65	(1)
Care Planning in Long-Term Care and Home Care	66	(1)
Implementation	66	(2)
Basic Procedure Template for Nursing Interventions	67	(1)
Process of Implementing	67	(1)
Evaluation	68	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plans	68	(1)
Procedure 5-1 Basic Procedure Steps and Admission Information	69	(6)
UNIT II Introduction to Clinical Practice	75	(130)
Client Communication	76	(16)
Factors Influencing Communication	77	(2)
Development	77	(1)
Personal Space	77	(1)
Environment	77	(1)
Roles and Relationships	77	(1)
Group Communication	77	(2)
Modes of Communication	79	(2)
Verbal Communication	79	(2)
Nonverbal Communication	81	(1)
Therapeutic Communication	81	(1)
Therapeutic Techniques	81	(1)
Barriers to Communication	82	(1)
Principles of Communication for the Clinical Setting	82	(1)
Attentive Listening	82	(1)
Interviewing	82	(4)
Kinds of Interview Questions	83	(1)
Planning the Interview and Setting	84	(1)
Stages of an Interview	84	(2)
Nursing Care	86	(6)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client Affected by Nurse Communication Barriers	87	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Anorexia	90	(2)
Health Care Delivery Systems	92	(15)
Types of Health Care	93	(1)
Health Promotion and Illness Prevention	93	(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment	93	(1)
Rehabilitation and Health Restoration	93	(1)
Levels of Health Care	93	(1)
Types of Health Care Settings	93	(4)
Outpatient Settings	94	(1)
Inpatient Settings	95	(1)
Mixed Settings	96	(1)
Rights and Health Care	97	(1)
Patient's Bill of Rights	97	(1)
Providers of Health Care	97	(2)
Nurse	97	(1)
Physician	98	(1)
Physician's Assistant	98	(1)
Unlicensed Assistive Personnel	98	(1)
Dentist	98	(1)
Pharmacist	98	(1)
Dietitian or Nutritionist	98	(1)
Physical Therapist	98	(1)
Respiratory Therapist	98	(1)
Occupational Therapist	98	(1)
Paramedical Technologists	98	(1)
Social Worker	98	(1)
Spiritual Support Person	99	(1)
Case Manager	99	(1)
Alternative Care Providers	99	(1)
Factors Affecting Health Care Delivery	99	(1)
Increased Number of Elderly	99	(1)
Advances in Technology	99	(1)
Women's Health	99	(1)
Uneven Distribution of Services	99	(1)
Access to Health Care	99	(1)
Homeless Population	100	(1)
Demographic Changes	100	(1)
Contemporary Frameworks for Care	100	(1)
Managed Care	100	(1)
Case Management	100	(1)
Models of Care	100	(2)
Client-Focused Care	100	(1)
Case Method	101	(1)
Functional Method	101	(1)
Team Nursing	102	(1)
Primary Nursing	102	(1)
Health Care Economics	102	(1)
Payment Sources	102	(1)
Prospective Payment System	102	(1)
Insurance Plans	102	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Providing Culturally Proficient Care	103	(4)
Safety and Infection Control	107	(41)
Safety in Nursing	108	(1)
Environmental Safety	108	(2)
Types of Hazards	108	(2)
Hospital and Institutional Safety	110	(8)
Disaster Planning	110	(1)
Client Safety	110	(2)
Preventing Specific Hazards	112	(2)
Restraining Clients	114	(3)
Emergency Responses	117	(1)
Personal Safety for Nurses	118	(4)
Body Mechanics	118	(1)
Preventing Back Injuries	119	(3)
Infection Control	122	(1)
Microorganisms	122	(1)
Helpful Actions of Microorganisms	122	(1)
Harmful Actions of Microorganisms	122	(1)
Infection	122	(3)
Clinical Guidelines for Hand Washing	123	(1)
Drug-Resistant Pathogens	123	(1)
Chain of Infection	123	(2)
Factors that Increase Susceptibility to Infection	125	(1)
Defenses Against Infection	125	(2)
Nonspecific Defenses	125	(1)
Specific or Immune Defenses	126	(1)
Controlling Microorganisms in the Environment	127	(3)
Medical Asepsis	127	(1)
Surgical Asepsis	127	(1)
Standard Precautions	127	(1)
Transmission-Based Precautions	127	(2)
Collaborative Care	129	(1)
Sterile Procedures	130	(1)
Nursing Care	130	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Fractured Hip	133	(1)
Procedure 8-1 Using a Bed or Chair Exit Safety Monitoring Device	134	(1)
Procedure 8-2 Hand Washing	135	(2)
Procedure 8-3 Donning and Removing Sterile Gloves (Open Method)	137	(2)
Procedure 8-4 Donning Personal Protective Equipment	139	(2)
Procedure 8-5 Establishing and Maintaining a Sterile Field	141	(7)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Risk for Injury	146	(2)
Client Teaching	148	(18)
Learning	149	(4)
Learning Theories and Domains of Learning	149	(1)
Applying Learning Theories	150	(1)
Factors That Facilitate Learning	150	(2)
Factors That Inhibit Learning	152	(1)
Teaching	153	(1)
Teaching Clients and Their Families	153	(1)
Teaching in the Community	154	(1)
Teaching Health Personnel	154	(1)
Nursing Care	154	(12)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with a Laceration	161	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Deficient Knowledge	164	(2)
Admission, Transfer, and Discharge	166	(15)
Admitting a Client	167	(4)
Common Responses to Hospital Admission	167	(1)
Cultural Considerations	167	(1)
Admission Procedure Guidelines	167	(4)
Nursing Care	171	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Admission of a Client from the Emergency Unit	171	(1)
Transferring a Client	172	(1)
Common Responses to Transfer	172	(1)
Transfer Guidelines	172	(1)
Nursing Care	173	(1)
Discharging a Client	174	(1)
Discharge Guidelines	174	(1)
Common Responses to Discharge	174	(1)
Nursing Care	174	(7)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client Prior to Discharge	179	(2)
Documentation	181	(24)
Purposes of Client Records	182	(1)
Communication	182	(1)
Planning Client Care	182	(1)
Legal Documentation	182	(1)
Education, Research, and Health Care Analysis	182	(1)
Auditing	183	(1)
Reimbursement	183	(1)
Guidelines for Recording	183	(4)
Date and Time	183	(1)
Timing	183	(1)
Legibility	183	(1)
Permanence	183	(1)
Accepted Terminology	183	(1)
Correct Spelling	183	(1)
Signature	183	(2)
Correct Number Format	185	(1)
Accuracy	185	(1)
Sequence	186	(1)
Continued Notes	186	(1)
Appropriateness and Completeness	186	(1)
Conciseness	186	(1)
Legal Prudence	187	(1)
Additional Tips for Documentation	187	(1)
Confidentiality of Client Records	187	(1)
Ensuring Confidentiality of Computer Records	187	(1)
Documentation Systems	188	(2)
Source-Oriented Record	188	(1)
Problem-Oriented (Medical) Record	189	(1)
Types of Documentation Methods	190	(4)
Soap	190	(1)
PIE/APIE Charting	190	(1)
Focus Charting	190	(1)
CORE	191	(1)
Charting by Exception	192	(1)
Fact	192	(1)
Outcome Documentation	192	(1)
Computerized Documentation	193	(1)
Case Management	193	(1)
Reporting	194	(2)
Change-of-Shift Reports	194	(1)
Telephone Reports	194	(1)
Telephone Orders	195	(1)
Fax and E-Mail Communication	196	(1)
Nursing Care Conference	196	(1)
Nursing Rounds	196	(1)
Interdisciplinary Care Plan Meetings	196	(1)
Incident Reports	196	(1)
Nursing Care	196	(9)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Altered Protection	199	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client Who Is Grieving	202	(3)
UNIT III Promoting Physiologic Health	205	(224)
Health Assessment	206	(27)
Anatomic Positions	207	(1)
Body Planes	207	(1)
Body Cavities	207	(1)
Physical Health Assessment	208	(5)
Complete Assessment	208	(3)
Focused Assessment	211	(1)
Preparing the Client	211	(2)
Methods of Examination	213	(1)
Inspection	213	(1)
Auscultation	214	(1)
Palpation	214	(1)
Percussion	214	(1)
Nursing Care	214	(8)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Postpartum Bleeding	220	(2)
Procedure 12-1 Focused Physical Assessment by Body Systems	222	(11)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Activity Intolerance	231	(2)
Hygiene	233	(40)
Skin, Foot, and Nail Care	234	(3)
Types of Baths	234	(1)
Purposes of Baths	235	(1)
Feet	236	(1)
Nails	236	(1)
Nursing Care	237	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Diabetes	241	(1)
Hair Care	241	(1)
Nursing Care	241	(3)
Mouth Care	244	(1)
Nursing Care	245	(2)
Eye Care	247	(1)
Nursing Care	247	(3)
Ear Care	250	(1)
Cleaning the Ears	250	(1)
Care of Hearing Aids	250	(1)
Nose Care	250	(1)
Supporting a Hygienic Environment	250	(4)
Hospital Beds	251	(2)
Intravenous Rods	253	(1)
Procedure 13-1 Bathing Clients	254	(4)
Procedure 13-2 Providing Hair Care	258	(3)
Procedure 13-3 Providing Oral Care	261	(3)
Procedure 13-4 Removing, Cleaning, and Inserting a Hearing Aid	264	(2)
Procedure 13-5 Changing a Bed	266	(7)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Oral Cavity Problems	271	(2)
Vital Signs and Pain Management	273	(41)
Body Temperature	274	(5)
Regulation of Body Temperature	275	(1)
Alterations in Body Temperature	275	(2)
Temperature Assessment Methods	277	(2)
Pulse	279	(2)
Factors Affecting Pulse Rate	279	(1)
Pulse Sites	280	(1)
Respirations	281	(1)
Mechanics and Regulation	281	(1)
Blood Pressure	281	(6)
Determinants of Blood Pressure	281	(1)
Factors Affecting Blood Pressure	282	(1)
Hypertension	283	(1)
Hypotension	283	(1)
Blood Pressure Equipment	284	(1)
Blood Pressure Assessment Sites	285	(1)
Methods	286	(1)
Pain	287	(1)
Concepts Associated with Pain	288	(1)
Physiology of Pain	288	(3)
Gate Control Theory	288	(1)
Management of Pain	289	(2)
Nursing Care	291	(10)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Left-Sided Heart Failure	300	(1)
Procedure 14-1 Assessing Body Temperature	301	(2)
Procedure 14-2 Assessing Pulse	303	(4)
Procedure 14-3 Assessing Respirations	307	(1)
Procedure 14-4 Assessing Blood Pressure	308	(6)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Postoperative Pain	312	(2)
Activity, Rest, and Sleep	314	(40)
Activity	315	(1)
Normal Movement	315	(1)
Alignment and Posture	315	(1)
Joint Mobility	315	(1)
Factors Affecting Body Alignment and Activity	315	(1)
Growth and Development	315	(1)
Physical Health	316	(1)
Mental Health	316	(1)
Nutrition	316	(1)
Effects of Immobility	316	(4)
Musculoskeletal System	316	(1)
Cardiovascular System	317	(1)
Respiratory System	317	(1)
Metabolic System	318	(1)
Urinary System	318	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	319	(1)
Integumentary System	319	(1)
Psychoneurologic System	319	(1)
Collaborative Care	319	(1)
Nursing Care	320	(9)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client in Traction	328	(1)
Rest and Sleep	329	(1)
Physiology of Sleep	329	(1)
NREM Sleep	329	(1)
REM Sleep	329	(1)
Functions of Sleep	329	(1)
Factors Affecting Sleep	330	(1)
Medications That Affect Sleep	331	(1)
Common Sleep Disorders	331	(1)
Insomnia	331	(1)
Hypersomnia	331	(1)
Narcolepsy	331	(1)
Sleep Apnea	331	(1)
Parasomnias	331	(1)
Sleep Deprivation	331	(1)
Collaborative Care	331	(1)
Nursing Care	332	(3)
Procedure 15-1 Providing Passive Range-of-Motion Exercises	335	(4)
Procedure 15-2 Moving a Client in Bed	339	(4)
Procedure 15-3 Transferring a Client	343	(4)
Procedure 15-4 Assisting a Client to Walk	347	(2)
Procedure 15-5 Providing a Back Massage	349	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Sleep Problems	352	(2)
Nutrition, Fluids and Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance	354	(31)
Nutrition	355	(1)
Nutrients	355	(4)
Water	355	(1)
Macronutrients	355	(1)
Micronutrients	356	(1)
Standards for a Healthy Diet	357	(2)
Nursing Care	359	(6)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Altered Nutrition	364	(1)
Fluids and Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance	365	(1)
Body Fluid and Electrolyte Balance	365	(2)
Composition of Body Fluids	365	(2)
Regulating Body Fluids	367	(1)
Regulating Electrolytes	367	(1)
Acid-Base Balance	367	(1)
Acid-Base Regulators	367	(1)
Acid-Base Imbalances	368	(3)
Respiratory Acidosis	368	(1)
Respiratory Alkalosis	368	(1)
Metabolic Acidosis	369	(1)
Metabolic Alkalosis	370	(1)
Nursing Care	371	(3)
Procedure 16-1 Inserting and Removing Nasogastric Tubes	374	(3)
Procedure 16-2 Administering a Tube Feeding	377	(3)
Procedure 16-3 Discontinuing an Intravenous Infusion	380	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume	383	(2)
Medication Administration	385	(44)
Drug Standards	386	(1)
Legal Aspects of Drug Administration	387	(1)
Effects of Drugs	387	(3)
Actions of Drugs on the Body	388	(1)
Factors Affecting Medication Action	389	(1)
Medication Orders	390	(3)
Essential Parts of a Medication Order	392	(1)
Communicating a Medication Order	392	(1)
Systems of Measurement	393	(2)
Metric System	393	(1)
Apothecaries' System	393	(1)
Household System	393	(1)
Converting Units of Weights and Measures	393	(1)
Calculating Dosages	394	(1)
Equipment	395	(2)
Syringes	395	(1)
Needles	396	(1)
Routes of Administration	397	(1)
Oral Medications	397	(1)
Nasogastric and Gastrostomy Medications	397	(1)
Parenteral Medications	397	(1)
Topical Medications	397	(1)
Nursing Care	398	(11)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with an Emergency Appendectomy	407	(2)
Procedure 17-1 Administering Oral Medications	409	(3)
Procedure 17-2 Preparing Medications	412	(3)
Procedure 17-3 Administering Injections	415	(3)
Procedure 17-4 Administering Ophthalmic Instillations	418	(2)
Procedure 17-5 Administering Otic Instillations	420	(2)
Procedure 17-6 Administering Vaginal Instillations	422	(7)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with IDDM (Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)	426	(3)
UNIT IV Promoting Psychosocial Health	429	(54)
Theorists, Theories, and Therapies	430	(13)
Theorists and Their Theories	431	(6)
Freud's Psychosexual Theory	431	(1)
Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory	431	(2)
Kohlberg's Moral Development Theory	433	(1)
Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory	434	(1)
Fowler's Spiritual Development Theory	435	(1)
Other Theorists	436	(1)
Cultural Issues	437	(1)
Therapies	437	(1)
Psychoanalysis	437	(1)
Behavior Modification	437	(1)
Cognitive Therapies	437	(1)
Person-Centered Therapies	438	(1)
Nursing Responsibilities	438	(1)
Nursing Care	438	(5)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with a Personality Disorder	439	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with an Amputation	441	(2)
Life-Span Development and Family Systems	443	(19)
Principles of Growth and Development	444	(1)
Theories of Development	445	(1)
Standards of Physical Growth and Development	445	(9)
Infant (Birth to 1 Year)	446	(1)
Toddler (1 to 3 Years)	446	(4)
Preschool Child (3 to 6 Years)	450	(1)
School-Age Child (6 to 12 Years)	450	(2)
Adolescent (12 to 20 Years)	452	(1)
Adult (18 to 65 Years)	453	(1)
Older Adults (Over 65 Years)	453	(1)
Nursing Care	454	(1)
Family Systems	454	(8)
Roles and Functions	456	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Infant Below Developmental Weight	457	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Risk for Injury	460	(2)
Psychosocial Nursing of the Physically I Client	462	(21)
Psychosocial Assessment	463	(2)
Components of the Psychosocial Assessment	463	(2)
Psychologic Responses to Serious Medical Illness	465	(5)
Depression	465	(3)
Anxiety	468	(1)
Grief and Loss	469	(1)
Denial	469	(1)
Fear of Dependency	469	(1)
Stress	469	(1)
Psychosocial Factors in Medical Illness	470	(5)
Human Rights Abuses of Persons with Stigmatizing Medical Illnesses	471	(1)
Dual Diagnosis	471	(1)
Defense Mechanisms	471	(1)
ICU Psychosis	471	(2)
Suicide	473	(2)
Nursing Care	475	(8)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Physically III Client with Psychosocial Issues	477	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Myocardial Infraction	479	(4)
PART II ADULT HEALTH CARE AND GERONTOLOGY	483	(1)
UNIT V Medical Surgical Nursing Care	483	(386)
Nursing Care of Clients Having Surgery	484	(41)
Types of Wounds	485	(7)
Wound Healing	486	(1)
Complications of Wound Healing	487	(1)
Factors Affecting Wound Healing	488	(1)
Collaborative Care	488	(4)
Preoperative Phase	492	(1)
Preoperative Consent	492	(1)
Screening Tests	492	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	492	(1)
Nursing Care	493	(3)
Intraoperative Phase	496	(1)
Types of Anesthesia	496	(1)
Postoperative Phase	496	(1)
Immediate Postanesthetic Phase	496	(1)
Ongoing Care of the Postoperative Client	497	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	497	(1)
Nursing Care	497	(12)
Nursing Process Care Plan: A Postsurgical Client	507	(2)
Procedure 21-1 Cleaning Wound and Applying Dressings	509	(4)
Procedure 21-2 Teaching Moving, Leg Exercises, Deep Breathing, and Coughing	513	(2)
Procedure 21-3 Applying Antiemboli Stockings	515	(1)
Procedure 21-4 Managing Gastrointestinal Suction	516	(3)
Procedure 21-5 Obtaining a Specimen of Wound Drainage	519	(1)
Procedure 21-6 Irrigating a Wound	520	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with an Amputated Arm	523	(2)
Clients with Integumentary System Disorders	525	(26)
Structure and Function of the Integumentary System	526	(2)
Epidermis	526	(1)
Dermis	527	(1)
Appendages	527	(1)
Subcutaneous Layer	528	(1)
Skin Color	528	(1)
Skin Integrity	528	(1)
Collaborative Care	528	(1)
Pressure Ulcers	529	(5)
Risk Factors	530	(2)
Stages of Pressure Ulcer Formation	532	(1)
The RYB Color Code	532	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	534	(1)
Nursing Care	534	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Pressure Ulcer	537	(1)
Bacterial Infections	538	(1)
Impetigo	538	(1)
Furuncles/Carbuncles	538	(1)
Cellulitis	539	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	539	(1)
Viral Infections	539	(1)
Herpes Simplex	539	(1)
Herpes Zoster	539	(1)
Warts	540	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	540	(1)
Fungal Infections	540	(2)
Tinea	540	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	542	(1)
Parasitic Infestations	542	(1)
Pediculosis	542	(1)
Scabies	542	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	542	(1)
Chronic Skin Conditions	542	(2)
Acne	542	(1)
Psoriasis	543	(1)
Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)	543	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	544	(1)
Nursing Care	544	(1)
Burns	545	(1)
Skin Cancer	545	(1)
Basal Cell Carcinoma	545	(1)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma	545	(1)
Malignant Melanoma	545	(1)
Mycosis Fungoides	546	(1)
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery	546	(5)
Skin Grafts	547	(1)
Liposuction	547	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Debilitated Client	549	(2)
Clients with Musculoskeletal System Disorders	551	(23)
Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System	552	(2)
Skeletal System	552	(1)
Muscular System	553	(1)
Collaborative Care	554	(2)
Laboratory Tests	554	(1)
Heat and Cold Applications	554	(2)
Surgery	556	(1)
Bone Disorders	556	(4)
Fractures	556	(2)
Osteoporosis	558	(1)
Osteomalacia	559	(1)
Osteomyelitis	559	(1)
Bone Cancer	560	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	560	(1)
Nursing Care	560	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client in Skeletal Traction	562	(1)
Inflammatory Disorders	562	(3)
Rheumatoid Arthritis	562	(1)
Degenerative Joint Disease	563	(1)
Gout	564	(1)
Ankylosing Spondylitis	564	(1)
Lyme Disease	565	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	565	(1)
Nursing Care	565	(2)
Spinal Disorders	567	(1)
Kyphosis and Lordosis	567	(1)
Scoliosis	567	(1)
Low Back Pain	568	(1)
Joint and Muscle Disorders	568	(1)
Strains and Sprains	568	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	568	(1)
Nursing Care	568	(1)
Autoimmune and Other Disorders	569	(1)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	569	(1)
Fibromyalgia	570	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	570	(1)
Nursing Care	570	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Rheumatoid Arthritis	572	(2)
Clients with Respiratory System Disorders	574	(46)
Structure and Function of the Respiratory System	575	(4)
Pulmonary Ventilation	576	(1)
Alveolar Gas Exchange	577	(1)
Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide	577	(1)
Respiratory Regulation	577	(1)
Alterations in Respiratory Function	578	(1)
Factors That Affect Oxygenation	579	(1)
Collaborative Care	579	(7)
Pulse Oximetry	579	(1)
Diagnostic Studies	579	(2)
Oxygen Therapy	581	(3)
Breathing and Coughing Exercises	584	(1)
Incentive Spirometry	584	(1)
Hydration of Inspired Air	585	(1)
Percussion, Vibration, and Postural Drainage	585	(1)
Suctioning Equipment	585	(1)
Nursing Care	586	(3)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Hemothorax	589	(1)
Upper Respiratory Disorders	589	(5)
Infections and Inflammations	589	(3)
Trauma and Obstruction	592	(1)
Tumors	592	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	594	(1)
Nursing Care	594	(1)
Lower Respiratory Disorders	594	(5)
Pulmonary Embolism	595	(1)
Pulmonary Hypertension	595	(1)
Chest Trauma	595	(3)
Inhalation Injuries	598	(1)
Near-Drowning	598	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	599	(1)
Infections and Inflammations	599	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	600	(3)
Obstructive Disorders	600	(3)
Priorities in Nursing Care	603	(3)
Lung Cancer	603	(1)
Interstitial Disorders	604	(2)
Nursing Care	606	(1)
Procedure 24-1 Measuring Pulse Oximetry	607	(1)
Procedure 24-2 Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula or Face Mask	608	(3)
Procedure 24-3 Providing Tracheostomy Care	611	(2)
Procedure 24-4 Suctioning	613	(7)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Pneumonia	618	(2)
Clients with Cardiovascular System Disorders	620	(38)
Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System	621	(3)
Heart	621	(2)
Peripheral Vascular System	623	(1)
Cardiovascular System Disorders	624	(3)
Prognosis	627	(1)
Collaborative Care	627	(2)
Diagnostic Tests	627	(2)
Laboratory Tests	629	(1)
Heart Disorders	629	(1)
Coronary Artery Disease	629	(4)
Angina Pectoris	629	(2)
Myocardial Infarction	631	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	633	(1)
Nursing Care	633	(3)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Caring for a Client with Angina	636	(1)
Disorders Affecting the Heart and Lungs	636	(2)
Congestive Heart Failure	636	(1)
Pulmonary Edema	637	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	638	(1)
Nursing Care	638	(1)
Other Heart Disorders	639	(1)
Valvular Disease	639	(1)
Inflammatory Heart Disorders	640	(1)
Pericarditis	640	(1)
Myocarditis	640	(1)
Endocarditis	641	(1)
Cardiomyopathy	641	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	641	(1)
Nursing Care	641	(1)
Conduction Disorders	642	(1)
Treatment	642	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	642	(3)
Congenital Heart Defects	645	(1)
Central Circulatory Disorders	646	(2)
Hypertension	646	(1)
Aneurysms	647	(1)
Emboli	647	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	648	(1)
Nursing Care	648	(1)
Peripheral Vascular Disorders	649	(1)
Disorders of the Arteries	649	(1)
Arteriosclerosis Obliterans	649	(1)
Buerger's Disease	650	(1)
Raynaud's Disease	650	(1)
Disorders of the Veins	650	(1)
Thrombophlebitis	650	(1)
Varicose Veins	650	(1)
Venous Stasis Ulcers	651	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	651	(1)
Nursing Care	652	(2)
Procedure 25-1 Applying a Sequential Compression Device	654	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client After a Heart Attack	656	(2)
Clients with Hematopoietic and Lymphatic System Disorders	658	(17)
Hematopoietic System	659	(1)
Structure and Function of the Hematopoietic and Lymphatic Systems	659	(1)
Collaborative Care	660	(1)
Laboratory Tests	660	(1)
Red Blood Cell Disorders	661	(2)
Anemia	661	(2)
Polycythemia	663	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	663	(1)
Platelet and Coagulation Disorders	663	(2)
Hemostasis	663	(1)
Thrombocytopenia	663	(1)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation	664	(1)
Hemophilia	665	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	665	(1)
White Blood Cell Disorders	665	(2)
Agranulocytosis	665	(1)
Leukemia	665	(2)
Multiple Myeloma	667	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	667	(1)
Lymphatic System	668	(1)
Lymphatic System Disorders	668	(2)
Lymphangitis	668	(1)
Lymphedema	668	(1)
Infectious Mononucleosis	669	(1)
Malignant Lymphoma	669	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	670	(1)
Nursing Care	670	(5)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Iron-Deficiency Anemia	671	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Thrombocytopenia	673	(2)
Clients with Neurosensory System Disorders	675	(47)
Structure and Function of the Nervous System	676	(8)
Nervous Tissue	676	(6)
Brain	682	(1)
Spinal Cord	683	(1)
Peripheral Nervous System	683	(1)
Autonomic Nervous System	683	(1)
Blood Supply of the Central Nervous System	684	(1)
Collaborative Care	684	(5)
Imaging Techniques	685	(4)
Laboratory Studies	689	(1)
Neurosensory Deficits	689	(1)
Nursing Care	690	(1)
Cerebrovascular Disorders	691	(1)
Transient Ischemic Attack	691	(1)
Cerebrovascular Accident	691	(1)
Cerebral Aneurysm	692	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	692	(1)
Hydrocephalus	692	(1)
Seizure Disorders	693	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	694	(1)
Nursing Care	694	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)	695	(1)
Infections of the Neurologic System	696	(1)
Meningitis	696	(1)
Encephalities	696	(1)
Brain Abscess	697	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	697	(1)
Lyme Disease	697	(1)
West Nile Virus	697	(1)
Nursing Care	697	(1)
Neurosensory Trauma	698	(2)
Traumatic Brain Injury	698	(1)
Hematoma	699	(1)
Increased Intracranial Pressure	700	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	700	(2)
Spinal Cord Injury	700	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	702	(1)
Brain Tumors	702	(1)
Spinal Cord Tumors	702	(1)
Nursing Care	703	(1)
Degenerative Neurologic Disorders	704	(2)
Parkinson's Disease	704	(1)
Multiple Sclerosis	705	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	706	(1)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	706	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	707	(2)
Alzheimer's Disease	708	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	709	(1)
Nursing Care	709	(1)
Peripheral Nervous System Disorders	710	(1)
Myasthenia Gravis	710	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	711	(1)
Guillain--Barre Syndrome	711	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	711	(1)
Huntington's Disease	711	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	712	(1)
Neurofibromatosis or von Recklinghausen's Disease	712	(1)
Nursing Care	712	(1)
Cranial Nerve Disorders	713	(2)
Bell's Palsy	713	(1)
Trigeminal Neuralgia	713	(1)
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia	714	(1)
Isaac's Syndrome	714	(1)
Tourette's Syndrome	714	(1)
Meniere's Disease	714	(1)
Peripheral Neuropathy	715	(1)
Disorders Related to Vision	715	(1)
Nursing Care	715	(2)
Headaches	717	(1)
Manifestations	717	(1)
Treatment	718	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	718	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Epilepsy	720	(2)
Clients with Gastrointestinal System Disorders	722	(54)
Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System	723	(2)
Physiology of Defecation	725	(1)
Accessory Organs	725	(1)
Upper GI Disorders	725	(1)
Disorders of the Oral Cavity	726	(1)
Dental Conditions	726	(1)
Oral Infections	726	(1)
Periodontal Disease	726	(1)
Leukoplakia	727	(1)
Oral Cancer	727	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	727	(1)
Esophageal Disorders	728	(2)
Esophagitis	728	(1)
Achalasia of the Esophagus	728	(1)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	728	(1)
Esophageal Diverticulum	729	(1)
Hiatal Hernia	729	(1)
Esophageal Cancer	730	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	730	(1)
Stomach Disorders	730	(8)
Acute Gastritis	730	(1)
Chronic Gastritis	730	(2)
Peptic Ulcer Disease	732	(4)
Pyloric Obstruction	736	(1)
Gastric Cancer	737	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	738	(1)
Obesity	738	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	739	(1)
Nursing Care	739	(2)
Lower GI Disorders	741	(1)
Elimination Disorders	741	(4)
Flatulence	742	(1)
Constipation	742	(2)
Fecal Impaction	744	(1)
Diarrhea	744	(1)
Bowel Incontinence	745	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	745	(1)
Infectious/Inflammatory Disorders of the Intestines	746	(2)
Enteritis	746	(1)
Appendicitis	746	(1)
Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis)	747	(1)
Ulcerative Colitis	748	(1)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome	748	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	748	(1)
Structural Disorders	749	(2)
Abdominal Hernias	749	(1)
Diverticulosis/Diverticulitis	750	(1)
Intestinal Obstruction	750	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	751	(1)
Cancerous Disorder: Colorectal Cancer	751	(3)
Manifestations	751	(1)
Diagnosis	751	(1)
Treatment	752	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	754	(1)
Anorectal Disorders	754	(1)
Hemorrhoids	754	(1)
Anal Fissure	754	(1)
Anorectal Abscess	754	(1)
Pilonidal Cyst	755	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	755	(1)
Nursing Care	755	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Constipation	757	(1)
Accessory Organ Disorders	757	(1)
Gallbladder Disorders	757	(2)
Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis/Choledocholithiasis	757	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	759	(1)
Liver Disorders	759	(4)
Hepatitis	759	(1)
Cirrhosis of the Liver	759	(4)
Liver Cancer	763	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	763	(1)
Pancreatic Disorders	764	(1)
Pancreatitis	764	(1)
Pancreatic Cancer	764	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	765	(1)
Nursing Care	765	(3)
Procedure 28-1 Administering an Enema	768	(2)
Procedure 28-2 Changing a One-Piece, Drainable Bowel Diversion Ostomy Appliance	770	(6)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Ulcerative Colitis	774	(2)
Clients with Endocrine System Disorders	776	(34)
Structure and Function of the Endocrine System	777	(4)
Hypothalamus	777	(1)
Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis)	777	(3)
Pineal Gland	780	(1)
Thyroid Gland	780	(1)
Parathyroids	780	(1)
Thymus Gland	780	(1)
Pancreas	780	(1)
Adrenal Glands	780	(1)
Endocrine Disorders	781	(1)
Pituitary Disorders	781	(1)
Anterior Pituitary Disorders	781	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	781	(1)
Posterior Pituitary Disorders	782	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	782	(1)
Other Pituitary Hormone Disorders	783	(1)
Nursing Care	783	(1)
Thyroid Disorders	784	(3)
Hyperthyroidism (Graves' Disease)	784	(2)
Hypothyroidism	786	(1)
Thyroid Cancer	787	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	787	(1)
Parathyroid Disorders	787	(1)
Hypoparathyroidism	787	(1)
Hyperparathyroidism	787	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	787	(1)
Nursing Care	788	(1)
Diabetes Mellitus	789	(9)
Classifications of Diabetes Mellitus	790	(2)
Manifestations	792	(1)
Diagnosis	793	(1)
Treatment	794	(3)
Short-Term or Acute Complications	797	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	798	(2)
Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus	798	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	800	(1)
Nursing Care	800	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Diabetes Mellitus	801	(1)
Adrenal Gland Disorders	802	(2)
Addison's Disease	802	(1)
Cushing's Disease	803	(1)
Pheochromocytoma	803	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	804	(1)
Nursing Care	804	(1)
Gonads	805	(1)
Procedure 29-1 Monitoring Blood Glucose	806	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with a Stasis Ulcer	808	(2)
Clients with Renal or Male Reproductive System Disorders	810	(45)
Renal System	811	(1)
Structure and Function of the Renal System	811	(2)
Kidneys	811	(1)
Ureters	812	(1)
Bladder	812	(1)
Urethra	812	(1)
Urination	813	(1)
Factors Affecting Urinary Function	813	(1)
Altered Urinary Elimination	814	(1)
Collaborative Care	814	(1)
Diagnostic Tests	814	(1)
Urine Characteristics	814	(1)
Promoting Fluid Intake	814	(3)
Basic Skills for Urinary Care	817	(5)
Collecting Urine Specimens	817	(1)
Urine Testing	817	(1)
Measuring Residual Urine	818	(1)
External Urinary Drainage Devices	819	(1)
Urinary Catheterization	819	(1)
Removing Retention Catheters	820	(1)
Urinary Irrigations	820	(1)
Suprapubic Catheter Care	821	(1)
Kidney Disorders	822	(1)
Pyelonephritis	822	(1)
Polycystic Kidney Disease	822	(1)
Glomerulonephritis	823	(1)
Urinary Obstructions	823	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	823	(3)
Renal Failure	823	(3)
Renal Cancer	826	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	826	(1)
Nursing Care	826	(2)
Ureteral Disorders	828	(1)
Calculi (Urinary Stones)	828	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	829	(1)
Urinary Diversions	829	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	829	(1)
Nursing Care	830	(1)
Bladder Disorders	831	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	831	(1)
Bladder Cancer	831	(1)
Urinary Retention	832	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	832	(1)
Nursing Care	832	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Urinary Tract Infection	833	(1)
Urethral Disorders	833	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	834	(1)
Manifestations	834	(1)
Treatment	834	(1)
Male Reproductive System	834	(1)
Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System	834	(1)
Male Reproductive System Disorders	835	(2)
Prostate Disorders	835	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	837	(1)
Nursing Care	837	(1)
Disorders of the Testes and Penis	838	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	838	(2)
Procedure 30-1 Collecting a Urine Specimen for Culture and Sensitivity by Clean Catch	840	(2)
Procedure 30-2 Applying a Condom Catheter	842	(1)
Procedure 30-3 Female Urinary Catheterization Using a Straight Catheter	843	(3)
Procedure 30-4 Male Urinary Catheterization Using a Straight Catheter	846	(1)
Procedure 30-5 Inserting a Retention (Indwelling) Catheter	847	(3)
Procedure 30-6 Irrigating a Catheter or Bladder (Closed System)	850	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Impaired Urinary Elimination	853	(2)
Clients with Sexually Transmitted Infections	855	(14)
Incidence	856	(1)
Prevention	856	(1)
Risk Factors	856	(1)
Transmission	856	(1)
Methods of Prevention	856	(1)
Chlamydia	857	(1)
Gonorrhea	858	(1)
Syphilis	858	(1)
Classifications and Manifestations	858	(1)
Treatment	858	(1)
Herpes	858	(2)
Human Papillomavirus	860	(1)
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome	860	(1)
Manifestations	861	(1)
Treatment	861	(1)
Trichomoniasis	861	(1)
Manifestations	861	(1)
Candidiasis	861	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	861	(1)
Nursing Care	861	(8)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Gonorrhea	863	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Genital Herpes	866	(3)
UNIT VI Gerontology and Special Needs	869	(104)
Caring for Elderly Clients	870	(20)
Physiologic Changes and Adaptations	871	(11)
Activity and Exercise	871	(1)
Blood and Lymphatic System	871	(1)
Cardiovascular System	872	(1)
Endocrine System	872	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	873	(1)
Reproductive System	873	(1)
Integumentary System	874	(1)
Musculoskeletal System	874	(1)
Neurologic System	875	(1)
Respiratory System	876	(1)
Sensory Alterations	877	(3)
Renal System	880	(1)
Polypharmacy	881	(1)
Psychosocial Changes and Adaptations	882	(1)
Financial Changes	882	(1)
Home Care and Independence	882	(1)
Assisted Living	882	(1)
In the Face of Death	882	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	883	(1)
Nursing Care	883	(7)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	884	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client After Coronan Artery Stent Placement	887	(3)
Caring for Chronically or Terminally Ill Clients	890	(18)
Chronic Illness	890	(1)
Prevention of Chronic Illness	890	(1)
Rehabilitation	890	(1)
Role of the Nurse in Rehabilitation	890	(1)
Role of the Client in Rehabilitation	891	(1)
Facilities for Continuing Care	891	(1)
Nursing Care	891	(2)
Terminal Illness	893	(1)
Palliative Care	893	(1)
Hospice	894	(1)
Grief/Death and Dying	894	(1)
Stages and Manifestations of Grief	894	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	895	(1)
Nursing Care	895	(3)
Definitions and Signs of Death	898	(1)
Legal Issues	898	(1)
Advance Directives	899	(1)
Do Not Resuscitate Orders	899	(1)
Labeling of the Deceased	899	(1)
Autopsy	899	(1)
Organ Donation	899	(1)
Death-Related Religious and Cultural Practices	899	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	901	(1)
Nursing Care	901	(3)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client in Denial	903	(1)
Nurse's Response to Death	904	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for the Client with Anticipatory Grieving	906	(2)
Caring for Clients with Cancer	908	(21)
Normal Cells Versus Cancer Cells	910	(1)
Differences in Growth	910	(1)
Differences in Appearance	911	(1)
Differences in Differentiation	911	(1)
Cancer Prevention and Cancer Screening	911	(2)
Manifestations	911	(1)
Choice of Diagnostic Evaluation	911	(2)
Nursing Implications in Diagnostic Evaluation	913	(1)
Role of the Nurse	913	(1)
Psychosocial Aspects of Cancer	913	(1)
Responses of Nurses to Clients with Cancer	913	(1)
Collaborative Care	913	(3)
Diagnostic Methods	913	(2)
Treatment Plans	915	(1)
Surgical Therapy	916	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	916	(1)
Nursing Care	916	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Pain After Colectomy	917	(1)
Radiation Therapy	918	(1)
Safety with Radiation Administration	918	(1)
Simulation	918	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	918	(1)
Nursing Care	919	(1)
Chemotherapy	920	(3)
Management of Chemotherapy Toxicities	923	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	923	(1)
Nursing Care	923	(1)
Biotherapy	924	(1)
Nursing Considerations	924	(1)
Bone Marrow Transplant and Stem Cell Transplant	924	(1)
Nursing Considerations	925	(1)
Children with Cancer	925	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for the Client with Fatigue	927	(2)
Caring for Clients with Immune System Disorders	929	(23)
Structure and Function of the Immune System	930	(4)
Cells of the Immune System	930	(1)
Antibodies	930	(1)
Immunity	930	(2)
Collaborative Care	932	(2)
Major Immune System Disorders	934	(5)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome	934	(5)
Priorities in Nursing Care	939	(1)
Nursing Care	939	(2)
Organ Transplantation	941	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	941	(1)
Nursing Care	942	(1)
Autoimmune Disorders	942	(2)
Manifestations	942	(1)
Collaborative Care	943	(1)
Myasthenia Gravis	943	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	944	(1)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)	944	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	945	(1)
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)	945	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	945	(1)
Nursing Care	945	(3)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	947	(1)
Allergies	948	(1)
Latex Allergy	948	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	948	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for the Client with Myasthenia Gravis	950	(2)
Emergency Room and Urgent Care Nursing	952	(21)
Emergency Care and Urgent Care	953	(1)
Safety Issues	953	(1)
Initial Contact	953	(2)
Confidentiality	954	(1)
Consent for Minors	954	(1)
Collecting Data	954	(1)
Initial Protocols	955	(1)
Collaborative Care	955	(1)
Airway Management	956	(3)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation	956	(2)
Heimlich Maneuver	958	(1)
Stat Tests	959	(1)
Clients with Shock	959	(2)
Hypovolemic Shock	959	(1)
Cardiogenic Shock	959	(1)
Anaphylactic Shock	959	(1)
Septic Shock	959	(2)
Neurogenic Shock	961	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	961	(1)
Nursing Care	961	(1)
Trauma in the Emergency Center	962	(1)
Head Trauma	962	(1)
Chest Trauma	962	(1)
Abdominal Trauma	962	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	963	(1)
Emergencies of Eyes, Ears, or Nose	963	(1)
Burns	963	(2)
Classification of Burns	963	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	965	(1)
Nursing Care	965	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: A Burn Client	966	(1)
Poisoning	967	(6)
Injected Poisons and Snake Bites	967	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for the Client with Hypovolemia	970	(3)
PART III MENTAL HEALTH NURSING	973	(1)
UNIT VII Mental Health Nursing Care	973	(70)
Mental Health Disorders	974	(41)
Mental Health	975	(1)
Mental Disorders	976	(1)
Stigma of Mental Illness	976	(1)
Nurses' Role in Mental Health Promotion	977	(1)
Vulnerability of People with Mental Illnesses	977	(1)
Cause of Mental Disorders	977	(1)
Schizophrenia	977	(11)
Causes of Schizophrenia	978	(3)
Diagnosis Criteria and Manifestations	981	(1)
Course of the Disease	982	(1)
Collaborative Care	983	(5)
Priorities in Nursing Care	988	(1)
Nursing Care	988	(3)
Mood Disorders	991	(9)
Major Depressive Disorder	991	(3)
Suicide	994	(1)
Collaborative Care	995	(5)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1000	(5)
Bipolar Disorder	1000	(5)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1005	(1)
Nursing Care	1005	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Depression	1008	(1)
Personality Disorders	1009	(1)
Diagnostic Criteria	1009	(1)
Common Manifestations	1009	(1)
Challenges for Nurses	1010	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1010	(1)
Nursing Care	1011	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client Who Is Experiencing Psychosis	1013	(2)
Substance Abuse and Eating Disorders	1015	(28)
Substance Abuse	1016	(1)
Delayed Diagnosis	1016	(1)
Substance Abuse and Dependency	1017	(8)
Alcohol	1018	(3)
Other CNS Depressants	1021	(1)
Sedative, Hypnotic, or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders	1022	(1)
CNS Stimulants	1022	(1)
Hallucinogens	1022	(1)
Inhalants	1023	(1)
Cannabis (Marijuana)	1023	(1)
Caffeine and Nicotine	1023	(2)
Collaborative Care	1025	(2)
Acute Phase of Treatment	1025	(1)
Rehabilitation Phase	1026	(1)
Dual Diagnosis	1027	(1)
Substance Dependency Among Nurses	1027	(1)
Manifestations	1027	(1)
Treatment	1027	(1)
Client Safety	1027	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1027	(1)
Nursing Care	1028	(2)
Eating Disorders	1030	(1)
Anorexia Nervosa	1030	(1)
Diagnostic Criteria and Manifestations	1030	(1)
Bulimia Nervosa	1031	(1)
Diagnostic Criteria and Manifestations	1031	(1)
Binge Eating Disorder	1032	(1)
Diagnostic Criteria and Manifestations	1032	(1)
Males with Eating Disorders	1032	(1)
Causes of Eating Disorders	1032	(1)
Collaborative Care	1033	(1)
Medications	1033	(1)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy	1033	(1)
Obesity	1033	(1)
Causes	1034	(1)
Collaborative Care	1034	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1034	(1)
Nursing Care	1034	(9)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Obesity	1036	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Substance Dependency	1040	(3)
PART IV WOMEN'S HEALTH AND MATERNAL-NEWBORN NURSING	1043	(1)
UNIT VIII Women's Health Care and Maternal--Newborn Nursing	1043	(122)
Clients with Female Reproductive System Disorders	1044	(27)
Structure and Function of the Female Reproductive System	1045	(3)
External Structures	1045	(1)
Internal Structures	1045	(1)
Breasts	1046	(1)
Menstruation	1046	(1)
Female Sexual Response	1047	(1)
Contraception	1048	(1)
Collaborative Care	1049	(1)
Disorders Related to the Menstrual Cycle	1050	(5)
Bleeding Abnormalities	1050	(5)
Premenstrual Syndrome	1055	(1)
Menopause	1055	(1)
Manifestations	1055	(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment	1055	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1055	(1)
Nursing Care	1055	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Amenorrhea	1056	(1)
Structural Abnormalities of the Female Reproductive Tract	1057	(1)
Uterine Positions and Displacement	1057	(1)
Congenital Abnormalities	1057	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1057	(2)
Tumors and Cysts and Abnormal Growth	1059	(2)
Fibroid Tumors	1059	(1)
Malignant Disorders	1059	(1)
Endometriosis	1060	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1061	(1)
Nursing Care	1061	(1)
Infections of the Female Reproductive Tract	1062	(1)
Toxic Shock Syndrome	1062	(1)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease	1062	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1062	(1)
Nursing Care	1062	(1)
Disorders of the Breasts	1063	(3)
Benign Disorders	1063	(1)
Malignant Disorders	1064	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1066	(1)
Nursing Care	1066	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client After Hysterectomy	1069	(2)
Care of Pregnant Women	1071	(23)
Preconception Care	1072	(1)
Male Contribution	1072	(1)
Female Contribution	1072	(1)
Pregnancy	1072	(3)
Fertilization	1072	(3)
Fetal Development	1075	(3)
Cardiovascular System	1075	(1)
Respiratory System	1076	(1)
Nervous System	1076	(1)
Special Senses	1076	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	1076	(1)
Renal System	1077	(1)
Reproductive System	1077	(1)
Musculoskeletal System	1078	(1)
Integumentary System	1078	(1)
Signs of Pregnancy	1078	(1)
Presumptive Signs	1078	(1)
Probable Signs	1078	(1)
Positive Signs	1078	(1)
Collaborative Care	1079	(1)
Maternal Changes During Pregnancy	1079	(1)
Reproductive System	1079	(1)
Cardiovascular System	1079	(1)
Respiratory System	1080	(1)
Renal System	1080	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	1080	(1)
Musculoskeletal System	1080	(1)
Integumentary System	1080	(1)
Endocrine System	1080	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1080	(1)
Nursing Care	1081	(5)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Hypertension	1086	(1)
Complications of Pregnancy	1086	(8)
Bleeding	1086	(1)
Menstruation	1086	(1)
Spontaneous Abortion	1086	(1)
Ectopic Pregnancy	1087	(1)
Placenta Previa	1087	(1)
Abruptio Placenta	1088	(1)
Hyperemesis Gravidarum	1088	(1)
Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension	1088	(1)
Gestational Diabetes	1089	(1)
Infections	1089	(1)
Hemolytic Disorders	1090	(1)
Multiple Pregnancy	1090	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for an Undernourished Pregnant Woman	1092	(2)
Care of Women During Labor and Delivery	1094	(22)
Beginning of Labor	1095	(1)
Overdistention Theory	1095	(1)
Hormonal Theory	1095	(1)
Signs of Impending Labor	1095	(1)
Variables Affecting Labor	1096	(5)
Passage	1096	(1)
Passenger	1097	(3)
Powers	1100	(1)
Position	1100	(1)
Psyche	1100	(1)
Stages of Labor	1101	(3)
First Stage of Labor	1101	(1)
Second Stage of Labor	1102	(2)
Third Stage of Labor	1104	(1)
Fourth Stage of Labor	1104	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1104	(1)
Nursing Care	1104	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Woman in Active Stage One Labor	1108	(1)
Delivery	1108	(1)
Preparation for Delivery	1108	(1)
Maternal Care	1108	(1)
Infant Care	1109	(1)
Recovery	1109	(1)
High-Risk Labor and Delivery	1110	(6)
Preterm Labor	1110	(1)
Induction of Labor	1110	(1)
Precipitous Delivery	1110	(1)
Prolapsed Cord	1110	(1)
Retained Placenta	1110	(1)
Dystocia	1111	(1)
Surgical Delivery	1111	(1)
Vaginal Birth After Cesarean	1112	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Woman in Transitional Labor	1114	(2)
Care of Postpartum Women	1116	(22)
Body Systems Adaptations	1117	(3)
Uterus	1117	(1)
Cervix	1118	(1)
Vagina	1118	(1)
Perineum	1119	(1)
Abdomen	1119	(1)
Breasts	1119	(1)
Gastrointestinal System	1119	(1)
Renal System	1120	(1)
Changes in Blood Values	1120	(1)
Ovarian Function and Menstruation	1120	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1120	(1)
Nursing Care	1120	(4)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Care of the Postpartum Client with a Third-Degree Perineal Laceration	1122	(2)
Potential Complications	1124	(2)
Vital Signs	1125	(1)
Chills	1125	(1)
Uterine Cramping	1125	(1)
Postpartum Blues and Postpartum Depression	1125	(1)
Postpartum Changes After Cesarean Section	1126	(1)
Lochia	1126	(1)
Indwelling Urinary Catheter	1126	(1)
Abdominal Dressing	1126	(1)
Lungs	1126	(1)
Legs	1126	(1)
Pain Management	1127	(1)
New Family	1127	(2)
Teenage Mothers	1127	(1)
Multiple Births	1128	(1)
Older Parents	1128	(1)
Support People	1128	(1)
Visitors	1129	(1)
Breastfeeding	1129	(4)
Physiology of Lactation	1129	(1)
Factors Affecting Lactation	1130	(2)
Duration of Feedings	1132	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1133	(1)
Procedure 42-1 Performing Fundal Massage	1134	(4)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Risk for Ineffective Breastfeeding	1136	(2)
Care of the Neonate	1138	(27)
Delivery Room Care	1139	(2)
Airway	1139	(1)
Breathing	1139	(1)
Circulation	1139	(1)
Temperature	1139	(1)
Newborn Test Scores	1140	(1)
Identification	1141	(1)
Measurements of Neonate	1141	(1)
Nursery Care	1141	(3)
Respiratory Distress	1141	(1)
Bathing	1142	(1)
Eye Care	1142	(1)
Vitamin K Administration	1142	(1)
Umbilical Cord Care	1142	(1)
Nutrition	1142	(1)
Elimination	1143	(1)
Characteristics of the Newborn	1144	(2)
Skin	1144	(1)
Head	1145	(1)
Chest	1146	(1)
Abdomen	1146	(1)
Extremities	1146	(1)
Reflexes	1146	(1)
Behavioral State	1146	(1)
Common Procedures	1146	(2)
Circumcision	1146	(2)
Immunizations	1148	(1)
Monitoring Neonatal Conditions	1148	(2)
Drug-Abusing Mothers	1149	(1)
Recognizing and Treating Congenital Anomalies	1149	(1)
Congenital Heart Defects	1150	(1)
Defects with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow	1150	(1)
Defects with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow	1150	(1)
Defects That Obstruct Systemic Blood Flow	1150	(1)
Mixed Defects	1150	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1150	(3)
Nursing Care	1153	(1)
Congenital Gastrointestinal Defects	1153	(1)
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate	1154	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1154	(1)
Nursing Care	1155	(2)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with a Bilateral Cleft Lip	1155	(1)
Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Esophageal Atresia	1156	(1)
Imperforate Anus	1156	(1)
Congenital Urinary Defects	1157	(1)
Urethral Malposition	1157	(1)
Ambiguous Genitalia	1157	(1)
Skeletal Defects	1157	(1)
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip	1157	(1)
Talipes (Clubfoot)	1158	(1)
Congenital Neurologic Defects	1158	(7)
Spina Bifida	1158	(1)
Hydrocephalus	1158	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for an Infant with Failure to Thrive	1161	(4)
PART V PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT NURSING	1165	(1)
UNIT IX Pediatric and Adolescent Nursing Care	1165	(70)
Care of the Young Child	1166	(28)
Gathering Data About the Young Child	1167	(1)
Obtaining Vital Signs	1167	(1)
Growth Measurements	1168	(1)
Physical Examination	1168	(1)
Head	1169	(1)
Chest	1169	(1)
Abdomen	1169	(1)
Extremities	1169	(1)
Respiratory Disorders	1169	(4)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome	1170	(1)
Cystic Fibrosis	1171	(1)
Infections	1172	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1173	(1)
Nursing Care	1173	(1)
Cardiovascular Disorders	1174	(2)
Congenital Heart Disease	1174	(1)
Kawasaki Disease	1174	(1)
Bleeding Disorders	1174	(1)
Leukemia	1175	(1)
Anemia	1175	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1176	(1)
Nursing Care	1177	(1)
Nervous System Disorders	1177	(2)
Seizures	1177	(1)
Meningitis	1178	(1)
Cerebral Palsy	1179	(1)
Closed Head Injury	1179	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1179	(1)
Nursing Care	1180	(1)
Renal Disorders	1180	(2)
Urinary Tract Infections	1180	(1)
Nephrotic Syndrome	1181	(1)
Wilms'Tumor (Nephroblastoma)	1181	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1182	(1)
Nursing Care	1182	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Child with Nephrotic Syndrome	1183	(1)
Gastrointestinal Disorders	1183	(2)
Gastroenteritis	1183	(1)
Pyloric Stenosis	1183	(1)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease	1184	(1)
Intussusception	1185	(1)
Hernia	1185	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1185	(1)
Nursing Care	1185	(1)
Musculoskeletal Disorders	1185	(2)
Muscular Dystrophy	1186	(1)
Skin Disorders	1187	(1)
Dermatitis	1187	(1)
Burns	1187	(1)
Manifestations	1188	(2)
Treatment	1190
Priorities in Nursing Care	1188	(1)
Nursing Care	1188	(1)
Thought Process Disorders	1189	(5)
Manifestations	1190	(1)
Treatment	1190	(2)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Care of a Child with Impaired Breathing	1192	(2)
Care of the Older Child	1194	(20)
Gathering Data About the Older Child	1195	(1)
Teaching the Older Child	1195	(1)
Respiratory System Disorders	1195	(2)
Asthma	1195	(2)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1197	(1)
Nursing Care	1197	(1)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Asthma	1198	(1)
Cardiovascular System Disorders	1198	(1)
Acute Rheumatic Fever	1198	(1)
Renal System Disorders	1199	(1)
Acute and Chronic Renal Failure	1199	(1)
Nervous System Disorders	1200	(2)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome	1200	(1)
Brain Tumors	1201	(1)
Neurologic Injury	1202	(1)
Gastrointestinal System Disorders	1202	(1)
Appendicitis	1202	(1)
Endocrine System Disorders	1203	(1)
Diabetes Mellitus	1203	(1)
Musculoskeletal Disorders	1204	(4)
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease	1204	(1)
Scoliosis	1204	(1)
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis	1205	(1)
Osgood-Schlatter Disease	1206	(1)
Fractures	1206	(2)
Thought Process Disorders	1208	(1)
Attention Deficit Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	1208	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1209	(1)
Nursing Care	1209	(5)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Child with a Fracture	1212	(2)
Care of the Adolescent	1214	(21)
Growth and Development	1215	(2)
Physical Growth	1215	(1)
Emotional Development	1215	(1)
Cognitive Development	1216	(1)
Health Maintenance	1217	(1)
Confidentiality	1217	(1)
Hygiene	1217	(1)
Sunbathing	1217	(1)
Adolescent Nutrition	1218	(1)
Sexuality and Contraception	1218	(1)
Routine Health Care	1218	(1)
Safety	1218	(5)
Driver and Car Safety	1220	(1)
Alcohol and Drug Use	1220	(1)
Teen Suicide	1221	(1)
Self-Injury in Adolescents	1221	(1)
Teenagers and Stress	1222	(1)
Disorders with Onset in Adolescent Years	1223	(4)
Acne	1223	(1)
Gynecologic Problems	1224	(1)
Infectious Mononucleosis	1224	(1)
Scoliosis	1225	(1)
Sexually Transmitted Infections	1226	(1)
Eating Disorders	1226	(1)
Priorities in Nursing Care	1227	(1)
Nursing Care	1228	(7)
Nursing Process Care Plan: Client with Self-Injury Behaviors	1228	(3)
Critical Thinking Care Map: Caring for a Client with Scoliosis	1231	(4)
PART VI TRANSITION FROM STUDENT TO PROFESSIONAL NURSE	1235	(1)
UNIT X Transition from Student to Nurse	1235	(123)
Preparing to Take the Licensure Exam	1236	(10)
Development of the NCLEX-PN®	1237	(1)
Availability of the NCLEX-PN®	1237	(1)
Understanding the NCLEX-PN® Plan	1237	(3)
Cognitive Levels of Questions	1237	(1)
Test Plan Framework	1237	(1)
Computerized Adaptive Testing	1238	(2)
Preparing and Reviewing for the Exam	1240	(1)
Preparing for the Exam	1240	(1)
Reviewing for the Exam	1240	(1)
Evaluating Your Readiness to Take the Examination	1241	(1)
Applying to Take the NCLEX-PN®	1241	(1)
Coping with Test Anxiety	1242	(1)
Ways to Overcome Test Anxiety	1242	(1)
Taking the Examination	1242	(1)
Waiting for Your Results	1243	(3)
Finding That First Job	1246	(15)
Portfolio	1247	(1)
Work Samples	1247	(1)
Writing Samples	1247	(1)
Community Service	1247	(1)
Clinical Evaluation	1248	(1)
Sample Thank-You Letter	1248	(1)
Sample Letter of Resignation	1248	(1)
Job Search	1248	(7)
The Cover Letter	1248	(1)
Resume	1249	(1)
References	1250	(3)
Application	1253	(1)
Interviews	1253	(2)
Awaiting a Response	1255	(1)
The Hiring Process	1255	(1)
Orientation	1255	(1)
Profession/Professionalism	1256	(1)
Probationary Period and Performance Evaluation	1256	(1)
Pursuing Your Career	1256	(5)
Continuing Education	1256	(1)
Career Ladder	1257	(1)
Professional Organizations	1257	(1)
Networking and Collaboration	1258	(3)
Leadership and Professional Development	1261	(97)
Licensure	1262	(1)
Suspension or Revocation	1262	(1)
Standards of Care	1262	(1)
Nurse Practice Acts	1262	(1)
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)	1263	(1)
Leadership	1263	(2)
Types of Leaders	1263	(1)
Team Leading	1264	(1)
Delegation	1264	(1)
Reporting Techniques	1265	(1)
Shift Report	1265	(1)
Paperwork Responsibilities	1266	(1)
Physicians' Orders	1266	(1)
Incident Reports	1267	(1)
Conflict Resolution	1267	(2)
Stages of Conflict	1268	(1)
Nursing Trends	1269	(1)
Nursing Care Delivery Methods	1269	(1)
Men in Nursing	1269	(1)
Community Service	1269	(4)
Appendices
Appendix I 2005--2006 NANDA-Approved Nursing Diagnoses	1273	(2)
Appendix II Sample Critical Pathway for Client Following to Mastectomy	1275	(3)
Appendix III Glossary	1278	(26)
Appendix IV NCLEX-PN® Answers; Hints for Critical Thinking Exercises	1304	(39)
Appendix V Growth Charts and Immunization Schedules	1343	(15)
Bibliography	1358	(14)
Index	1372