Computer Science: An Overview

by Brookshear, J. Glenn

• ISBN13: 9780201781304
• ISBN10: 0201781301
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-07-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Computer Science: An Overview truly lives up to its title, providing an introduction to the entire computer science discipline. This broad coverage, combined with clear explanations, has made it the leading textbook for the beadth-first/CS0 course. The text is unique in that it avoids presenting topics from the perspective of any particular programming language. Moreover, the text communicates the dynamics of computer science by presenting topics in a historical perspective in which past developments, the current state of the art, and directions of research are discussed. The result is a balanced, realistic picture of computer science, including such topics as programming languages, operating systems, algorithms, software engineering, networking, database design, artificial intelligence, and machine architecture. This seventh edition has been thoroughly updated to discuss important trends in such areas as networking and the Internet, software engineering, and artificial intelligence. Topics added include open-source development, associative memory, XML, and C#. Thought-provoking discussions of ethical and legal issues revolving around computing are integrated into each chapter rather than being presented as separate, isolated topics.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(16)
The Study of Algorithms	2	(3)
The Origins of Computing Machines	5	(4)
The Science of Algorithms	9	(1)
The Role of Abstraction	10	(2)
Social Repercussions	12	(5)
Social Issues	14	(1)
Additional Reading	15	(2)
PART ONE: MACHINE ARCHITECTURE	17	(90)
Data Storage	19	(54)
Bits and Their Storage	20	(7)
Main Memory	27	(3)
Mass Storage	30	(6)
Representing Information as Bit Patterns	36	(7)
The Binary System	43	(3)
Storing Integers	46	(6)
Storing Fractions	52	(4)
Data Compression	56	(5)
Communication Errors	61	(12)
Chapter Review Problems	65	(5)
Social Issues	70	(1)
Additional Reading	71	(2)
Data Manipulation	73	(34)
Computer Architecture	74	(2)
Machine Language	76	(5)
Program Execution	81	(7)
Arithmetic/Logic Instructions	88	(4)
Communicating with Other Devices	92	(5)
Other Architectures	97	(10)
Chapter Review Problems	99	(6)
Social Issues	105	(1)
Additional Reading	106	(1)
PART TWO: SOFTWARE	107	(192)
Operating Systems and Networks	109	(46)
The Evolution of Operating Systems	110	(3)
Operating System Architecture	113	(6)
Coordinating the Machine's Activities	119	(4)
Handling Competition Among Processes	123	(5)
Networks	128	(8)
Network Protocols	136	(8)
Security	144	(11)
Chapter Review Problems	148	(3)
Social Issues	151	(2)
Additional Reading	153	(2)
Algorithms	155	(52)
The Concept of an Algorithm	156	(3)
Algorithm Representation	159	(7)
Algorithm Discovery	166	(6)
Iterative Structures	172	(9)
Recursive Structures	181	(8)
Efficiency and Correctness	189	(18)
Chapter Review Problems	198	(5)
Social Issues	203	(1)
Additional Reading	204	(3)
Programming Languages	207	(60)
Historical Perspective	208	(9)
Traditional Programming Concepts	217	(11)
Procedural Units	228	(9)
Language Implementation	237	(8)
Object-Oriented Programming	245	(6)
Programming Concurrent Activities	251	(3)
Declarative Programming	254	(13)
Chapter Review Problems	259	(4)
Social Issues	263	(1)
Additional Reading	264	(3)
Software Engineering	267	(32)
The Software Engineering Discipline	268	(2)
The Software Life Cycle	270	(5)
Modularity	275	(5)
Design Methodologies	280	(4)
Tools of the Trade	284	(4)
Testing	288	(2)
Documentation	290	(1)
Software Ownership and Liability	291	(8)
Chapter Review Problems	294	(3)
Social Issues	297	(1)
Additional Reading	298	(1)
PART THREE: DATA ORGANIZATION	299	(104)
Data Structures	301	(40)
Data Structure Basics	302	(2)
Arrays	304	(3)
Lists	307	(4)
Stacks	311	(3)
Queues	314	(4)
Trees	318	(9)
Customized Data Types	327	(5)
Pointers in Machine Language	332	(9)
Chapter Review Problems	334	(5)
Social Issues	339	(1)
Additional Reading	340	(1)
File Structures	341	(28)
The Role of the Operating System	342	(2)
Sequential Files	344	(9)
Indexing	353	(4)
Hashing	357	(12)
Chapter Review Problems	363	(3)
Social Issues	366	(2)
Additional Reading	368	(1)
Database Structures	369	(34)
General Issues	370	(2)
The Layered Approach to Database Implementation	372	(3)
The Relational Model	375	(13)
Object-Oriented Databases	388	(2)
Maintaining Database Integrity	390	(4)
Social Impact of Database Technology	394	(9)
Chapter Review Problems	397	(3)
Social Issues	400	(2)
Additional Reading	402	(1)
PART FOUR: THE POTENTIAL OF MACHINES	403	(94)
Artificial Intelligence	405	(50)
Intelligence and Machines	406	(3)
Understanding Images	409	(3)
Reasoning	412	(11)
Artificial Neural Networks	423	(10)
Genetic Algorithms	433	(3)
Other Areas of Research	436	(8)
Considering the Consequences	444	(11)
Chapter Review Problems	447	(4)
Social Issues	451	(1)
Additional Reading	452	(3)
Theory of Computation	455	(42)
Functions and Their Computation	456	(2)
Turing Machines	458	(4)
Universal Programming Languages	462	(6)
A Noncomputable Function	468	(5)
Complexity of Problems	473	(8)
Public Key Cryptography	481	(16)
Chapter Review Problems	489	(4)
Social Issues	493	(2)
Additional Reading	495	(2)
Appendixes	497	(66)
A ASCII	499	(2)
B Circuits to Manipulate Two's Complement Representations	501	(4)
C A Simple Machine Language	505	(4)
D High-Level Language Program Examples	509	(10)
E The Equivalence of Iterative and Recursive Structures	519	(2)
F Answers to Questions/Exercises	521	(42)
Index	563