Concepts of Modern Catalysis and Kinetics

by Chorkendorff, I.; Niemantsverdriet, J. W.

• ISBN13: 9783527316724
• ISBN10: 3527316728
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-10-01
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Summary

Until now, the literature has offered a rather limited approach to the use of fundamental kinetics and their application to catalytic reactions. Subsequently, this book spans the full range from fundamentals of kinetics and heterogeneous catalysis via modern experimental and theoretical results of model studies to their equivalent large-scale industrial production processes. This second edition includes significant new developments, with all the chapters updated by way of recent examples and relevant new literature. With its focus on practical application, rather than theory, the result is key knowledge for students at technical universities and professionals already working in industry. From Reviews of the First Edition: 'I am impressed by the coverage of the book and it is a valuable addition to the catalysis literature and I highly recommend purchase' (Energy Sources) '...this excellent book is highly recommended to students at technical universities, but also entrants in chemical industry. Furthermore, this informative handbook is also a must for all professionals in the community.' (AFS) 'Overall, this is a valuable book that I will use in teaching undergraduates and postgraduates.' (Angewandte Chemie - I. E.)

Author Biography

Ib Chorkendoff is professor in Heterogeneous Catalysis and director of the Danish National Research Foundation "Center for Individual Nanoparticle Functionality". He has been author and co-author of more than 100 scientific papers and a patent (see also www.physik.ttu.dk/~ibchork/). He has been awarded the Brinch Award and is an elected member of the Danish Academy of Natural Sciences (DNA) and the Academy for Technical Sciences (ATV).

Hans Niemantsverdriet is professor in Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, director of the Schuit Institute of Catalysis and dean of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry. He is (co)author of about 185 scientific papers and of 3 books (see also www.catalysis.nl). H. Niemantsverdriet has been editor of the Journal of Catalysis since 1996, and served as managing editor of CaTTech between 1996 and 2001. He is member of the editorial boards of Applied Surface Science, and Physical Chemistry - Chemical Physics. He served as chairman of the Netherlands Vacuum Society NEVAC (1997-2000) and as president of the European Federation of Catalysis Societies, EFCATS (1999-2001).

Table of Contents

Preface

Introduction To Catalysis

What is Catalysis

Catalysts Can Be Atoms, Molecules, Enzymes and Solid Surfaces

Why is Catalysis Important?

Catalysis as a Multidisciplinary Science

The Scope of This Book

Catalysis in Journals

General References to Textbooks in Catalysis

Kinetics

Introduction

The Rate Equation and Power Rate Laws

Reactions and Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Temperature Dependence of the Rate

Integrated Rate Equations: Time Dependence of Concentrations in Reactions of Different Orders

Coupled Reactions in Flow Reactors: The Steady-state Approximation

Coupled Reactions in Batch Reactors

Catalytic Reactions

Langmuir Adsorption Isotherms

Reaction Mechanisms

Entropy, Entropy Production, Auto Catalysis and Oscillating Reactions

Kinetics of Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions

Reaction Rate Theory

Introduction

The Boltzmann Distribution and the Partition Function

Partition Functions of Atoms and Molecules

Molecules in Equilibrium

Collision Theory

Activation of Reacting Molecules by Collisions: The Lindermann Theory

Transition State Theory

Transition State Theory of Surface Reactions

Summary

Catalyst Characterization

Introduction

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)

Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS)

Electron Microscopy

Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Ion Spectroscopy: SIMS, LEIS, RBS

Temperature-programmed Reduction, Oxidation and Sulfidation

Infrared Spectroscopy

Surface Science Techniques

Concluding Remarks

Solid Catalysts

Requirements of a Successful Catalyst

Structure of Metals, Oxides and Sulfides and their Surfaces

Characteristics of Small Particles and Porous Material

Catalyst Supports

Preparation of Supported Catalysts

Unsupported Catalysts

Zeolites

Catalyst Testing

Surface Reactivity

Introduction

Physisorption

Chemical Bonding

Chemisorption

Important Trends in Surface Reactivity

Kinetics Of Reactions On Surfaces

Elementary Surface Reactions

Kinetic Parameters from Fitting Langmuir-Hinshelwood Models

Micro-kinetic Modeling

Heterogeneous Catalysis In Practice: Hydrogen

Introduction

Steam Reforming Process

Reactions of Synthesis Gas

Water Gas Shift Reaction

Synthesis of Ammonia

Promoters and Inhibitors

The Hydrogen Society

Oil Refining And Pretrochemistry

Crude Oil

Hydrotreating

Gasoline Production

Petrochemistry: Reactions of Small Olefins

Environmental Catalysis

Introduction

Automotive Exhaust Catalysis

Air Pollution by Large Stationary Sources

Questions And Exercises

Appendix A

Appendix B

Index

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