A Concise Guide to Nuclear Medicine

by Elgazzar, Abdelhamid H.; Wagner, Henry N. Jr., M.D.

• ISBN13: 9783642194252
• ISBN10: 3642194257
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-07-25
• Publisher: Springer Nature

Summary

Nuclear medicine is an important component of modern medicine. This easy-to-use book is designed to acquaint readers with the basic principles of nuclear medicine, the instrumentation used, the gamut of procedures available, and the basis for selecting specific diagnostic or therapeutic procedures and interpreting results. After an introductory chapter on the history, technical basis, and scope of nuclear medicine, a series of chapters are devoted to the application of nuclear medicine techniques in the different body systems. In addition, the use of nuclear medicine methods within oncology is carefully examined, covering diagnosis, staging, assessment of treatment response, radiotherapy planning, and the sentinel node technique. The book concludes with a chapter devoted to nuclear medicine therapy. This practical and up-to-date guide to nuclear medicine is ideal for beginners and will also help professionals who need to retrieve useful information rapidly.

Table of Contents

Basic Considerations	p. 1
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging	p. 1
Historical Background	p. 2
Scientific Basis of Nuclear Medicine	p. 5
Atomic Structure	p. 5
Isotopes	p. 7
Radioactivity	p. 7
Radiopharmaceuticals	p. 8
Technical Principles of Nuclear Medicine	p. 9
Scope of Nuclear Medicine	p. 9
Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine	p. 9
Nuclear Medicine Therapy	p. 11
Summary	p. 12
Further Reading	p. 12
Genitourinary System	p. 13
Introduction	p. 13
Radiopharmaceuticals	p. 14
Imaging Studies	p. 14
Clinical Uses	p. 16
Dynamic Renal Scintigraphy	p. 16
Static Renal Scintigraphy	p. 16
Vesicoureteral Reflux Study	p. 16
Scrotal Imaging	p. 16
Commonly Used Applications	p. 16
Diagnosis of Renovascular Hypertension	p. 16
Urinary Tract Obstruction	p. 18
Urinary Tract Infection	p. 19
Vesicoureteral Reflux	p. 23
Evaluation of Renal Transplant Complications	p. 25
Diagnosis of Testicular Torsion	p. 27
Summary	p. 30
Further Reading	p. 30
Digestive and Hepatobiliary System	p. 31
Introduction	p. 32
Clinical Uses	p. 32
Evaluation of Esophageal Transit Time	p. 32
Detection of Gastroesophageal Reflux	p. 33
Evaluation of Gastric Emptying	p. 33
Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Localization	p. 34
Diagnosis of Meckel's Diverticulum	p. 37
Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Inflammatory Bowel Disease	p. 38
Diagnosis of Hepatic Hemangioma	p. 39
Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis	p. 40
Diagnosis of Common Bile Duct Obstruction	p. 41
Evaluation of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia	p. 41
Diagnosis of Hypokinesis Syndrome	p. 44
Evaluation of Complications After Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation	p. 44
Protein Loss Study	p. 44
Scintigraphic Nonimaging Procedures	p. 45
Carbon-14 Breath Tests	p. 45
Summary	p. 47
Reference	p. 47
Further Reading	p. 47
Endocrine System	p. 49
Introduction	p. 49
Thyroid Gland	p. 50
Clinical Uses	p. 50
Thyroid Imaging Study	p. 50
Thyroid Uptake Measurement	p. 53
Thyroid Cancer Imaging Studies	p. 56
Parathyroid Gland	p. 57
Clinical Uses	p. 57
Preoperative Parathyroid Localization	p. 58
Intraoperative Parathyroid Localization	p. 60
Adrenal Gland	p. 60
Clinical Uses	p. 60
Adrenal Cortex Disorders	p. 61
Adrenal Medulla Disorders	p. 62
Summary	p. 65
Further Reading	p. 66
Soft Tissue Infection and Inflammation	p. 69
Introduction	p. 69
Clinical Uses	p. 70
Diagnosis of Infection	p. 70
Imaging Diagnosis of Soft Tissue Infections	p. 72
Localizing Signs Present	p. 72
No Localizing Signs Present	p. 74
Algorithm	p. 75
Summary	p. 77
Further Reading	p. 77
Respiratory System	p. 79
Introduction	p. 79
Clinical Uses	p. 80
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism	p. 80
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis	p. 81
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis	p. 83
Pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) Pneumonia	p. 84
Alveolar Permeability	p. 84
Lung Cancer	p. 85
Summary	p. 87
Further Reading	p. 87
Skeletal System	p. 89
Introduction	p. 89
Clinical Uses	p. 90
Non-neoplastic Disease	p. 90
Imaging of Skeletal Infections	p. 90
Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis)	p. 94
Trauma and Related Conditions	p. 96
Metabolic Bone Diseases	p. 101
Diagnosis of Neoplastic Bone Disease	p. 102
Imaging of Primary Bone Tumors	p. 103
Imaging of Metastatic Bone Disease	p. 105
Summary	p. 108
Further Reading	p. 109
Cardiovascular System	p. 111
Introduction	p. 111
Clinical Uses	p. 112
Evaluation of Cardiac Function	p. 112
Evaluation of Myocardial Perfusion and Metabolism	p. 112
Diagnosis	p. 114
Prognosis	p. 114
Follow-Up After Acute Myocardial Infarction	p. 115
Follow-Up After Revascularization Procedures	p. 116
Preoperative Evaluation	p. 117
Viability Assessment	p. 117
Soft Tissue Hemangioma Study	p. 118
Lymphoscintigraphy	p. 119
Summary	p. 120
Further Reading	p. 121
Central Nervous System	p. 123
Introduction	p. 123
Clinical Uses	p. 125
Dementia	p. 125
Brain Death	p. 125
Seizure Localization	p. 127
Brain Tumor	p. 128
Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormalities	p. 130
Summary	p. 130
Further Reading	p. 130
Nuclear Oncology	p. 131
Introduction	p. 131
Clinical Uses	p. 132
Diagnosis of Tumors	p. 132
Staging of Malignant Disease	p. 132
Detection of Residual or Recurrent Disease	p. 135
Evaluating Response to Therapy	p. 136
Radiotherapy Planning	p. 137
Sentinel Lymph Node Localization	p. 137
Summary	p. 140
Further Reading	p. 140
Therapeutic Applications of Nuclear Medicine	p. 143
Introduction	p. 143
Clinical Uses	p. 144
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism and Other Benign Thyroid Conditions	p. 144
Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer	p. 145
Treatment of Pain Secondary to Skeletal Metastases	p. 145
Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors	p. 146
Radioimmunotherapy	p. 147
Radionuclide Synovectomy	p. 147
Radiopharmaceuticals for Synovectomy	p. 147
Clinical Use	p. 148
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy	p. 148
Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases	p. 149
Summary	p. 149
Further Reading	p. 150
Glossary	p. 151
Index	p. 155
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