Conquered Conquistadors

by Asselbergs, Florine G. L.

• ISBN13: 9780870818998
• ISBN10: 0870818996
• Edition: Chart
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-08-30
• Publisher: Univ Pr of Colorado

Summary

This analysis of the oldest extant map of Guatemala, a celebratory post-war painting by indigenous Nahua conquistadors who traveled with the Spaniards to battle the Maya, overturns deep-seated aspects of conventional thinking about the European conquest of indigenous cultures.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Introduction	p. 1
Definition of the Research Problem	p. 4
Terminology and Orthography	p. 7
Nahua Pictography	p. 8
Lienzos and Indigenous Cartography	p. 11
Indigenous and European Cartography	p. 15
Colonial Indigenous Maps	p. 18
Summary	p. 20
Theory and Methodology	p. 21
Theory	p. 22
Methodology	p. 26
Summary	p. 32
Quauhquechollan	p. 35
Prehispanic History of Quauhquechollan	p. 36
Quauhquechollan and the Triple Alliance	p. 39
Arrival of the Spaniards	p. 43
Quauhquechollan's Indigenous Historical Record	p. 48
Genealogia de Quauhquechollan-Macuilxochitepec	p. 49
Codex Huaquechula	p. 55
Mapa Circular de Quauhquechollan	p. 62
Summary	p. 70
The Lienzo De Quauhquechollan: The Document	p. 73
History of the Document and Previous Publications	p. 73
The Cloth	p. 75
Creation of the Painting	p. 76
Glosses	p. 77
Original(s) and Copies	p. 78
Summary	p. 79
The "Spanish" Conquest of Guatemala	p. 81
The Conquest of Guatemala: Sources	p. 83
Pedro de Alvarado's 1524 Campaign of Conquest	p. 87
1524-1527	p. 89
Jorge de Alvarado's 1527-1529 Campaigns of Conquest	p. 91
Indigenous Conquistadors	p. 95
Motivations for Participation	p. 99
Tlaxcalteca and Quauhquecholteca Conquistadors	p. 104
1529-1544	p. 106
Situation of the Former Conquistadors in the Decades Following the Conquest	p. 112
Summary	p. 119
Basic Pictographic Conventions Used in the Lienzo De Quauhquechollan	p. 123
People	p. 124
Place Glyphs	p. 127
Roads with Footprints and Horses' Hoofprints	p. 127
Rivers	p. 128
Scenes of War and Conquest	p. 128
Quauhquecholteca War Emblems	p. 128
A Spanish Banner	p. 131
Weapons	p. 131
Scenes of Rebellion	p. 132
Kaqchikel Traps	p. 132
Dances	p. 134
Houses	p. 135
Marketplaces	p. 135
The Lienzo De Quauhquechollan: A Reading	p. 137
Initial Scene at Quauhquechollan	p. 138
Army Departing from Quauhquechollan	p. 143
Places from Which Indigenous Captains and Soldiers Were Gathered
Scenes Depicted in the Left-Hand Part of the Document (Mexico)	p. 146
Soconusco and Retalhuleu	p. 150
Zapotitlan and Suchitepequez	p. 152
Quetzaltenango	p. 155
Olintepeque and Totonicapan	p. 158
Chichicastenango, Olintepeque, Comalapa	p. 163
Chimaltenango	p. 165
The Narrative, Part 1	p. 169
A Campaign from Chimaltenango to Utatlan	p. 169
A Campaign from Chimaltenango to Petapa and Tzonteconapan	p. 172
A Campaign from Chimaltenango to Pochutla	p. 176
Escuintla	p. 181
The Narrative, Part 2	p. 184
The Volcan de Agua and Quilizinapa	p. 184
The City of Santiago at Almolonga (Ciudad Vieja)	p. 187
A Dance for the Dead	p. 190
A Campaign from the City of Santiago to Verapaz and the Cuchumatanes	p. 192
The Narrative, Part 3	p. 197
Summary	p. 199
The Lienzo De Quauhquechollan: Interpretation	p. 203
Narrative Structure and Textual Analysis	p. 204
Layout and Orientation	p. 211
A Familiar Format: The Mapa de Cuauhtinchan no. 2	p. 212
Set Formats for Conquest and Migration Stories	p. 218
Where Was the Lienzo de Quauhquechollan Made?	p. 221
Function and Use	p. 223
Summary	p. 228
Other Pictographic Accounts of the "Spanish" Conquest	p. 231
The Lienzo de Tlaxcala	p. 232
The Lienzo de Analco	p. 235
References to Other Pictorials Dealing with the "Spanish" Conquest	p. 236
Spanish-Indigenous Alliances as Represented by the Tlaxcalteca and the Quauhquecholteca	p. 238
Initial Scenes	p. 239
Similarities and Differences	p. 242
Function and Use	p. 244
The Lienzo de Quauhquechollan and Lienzo de Tlaxcala, and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of the Conquest of Guatemala
Summary	p. 248
Conclusions	p. 251
The Role of the Quauhquecholteca in the Spanish Conquest	p. 252
Decipherment of the Lienzo de Quauhquechollan and Its Rhetoric	p. 253
Provenance, Purpose, and Message of the Lienzo de Quauhquechollan, and the Time and Context of Its Creation	p. 254
Future Research	p. 257
Notes	p. 259
Appendixes	p. 297
AGN Tierras Vol. 2683, Exp. 4, No. 164: Real cedula (1535) and merced (1545)	p. 297
Text in the upper left-hand corner of the Mapa Circular de Quauhquechollan	p. 301
Paso y Troncoso's description of the Lienzo de Quauhquechollan (1892-1893)	p. 305
AGI Justicia 291: A selection of testimonies	p. 309
AGI Guatemala 52: Tlaxcalteca testimonies	p. 319
AGI Guatemala 53: Testimonies of indigenous conquistadors from Guatemala	p. 323
AGI Guatemala 41: Letter to the king by Jorge de Alvarado (1534)	p. 331
AGI Justicia 199: Encomiendas granted to Jorge de Alvarado	p. 335
Bibliography	p. 337
Index	p. 361
Map Supplement: Lienzo De Quauhquechollan
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