Conservation Medicine Ecological Health in Practice

by Aguirre, A. Alonso; Ostfeld, Richard S.; Tabor, Gary M.; House, Carol; Pearl, Mary C.

• ISBN13: 9780195150933
• ISBN10: 0195150937
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-09-26
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Conservation medicine is an emerging discipline, focussing on the intersection of ecosystem health, animal health, and human health. Work in the biomedical and veterinary sciences is now being folded into conservation biology; to explore the connections between animal and human health; tracethe environmental sources of pathogens and pollutants; develop an understanding of the ecological causes of changes in human and animal health; and understand the consequences of diseases to populations and ecological communities. Conservation Medicine defines this new discipline. It examinesecological health issues from various standpoints, including the emergence and resurgence of infectious disease agents; the increasing impacts of toxic chemicals and hazardous substances; and the health implications of habitat fragmentation and degradation and loss of biodiversity. It will provide aframework to examine the connections between the health of the planet and the health of all species and challenge practitioners and students in the health sciences and natural sciences to think about new, collaborative ways to address ecological health concerns.

Author Biography

A. Alonso Aguirre is the Director for Conservation Medicine at Wildlife Trust Richard S. Ostfeld is a scientist at the Institute of Ecosystem Studies Gary M. Tabor is Program Officer at the Wilburforce Foundation Carol House formerly worked at the USDA Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Mary C. Pearl is the Executive Director of Wildlife Trust

Table of Contents

Foreword	vii
Contributors	xix
I. Ecological Health and Change
Introduction	3	(5)
James G. Else
Mark A. Pokras
Defining Conservation Medicine	8	(9)
Gary M. Tabor
Conservation Medicine: The Birth of Another Crisis Discipline	17	(10)
Richard S. Ostfeld
Gary K. Meffe
Mary C. Pearl
Biodiversity, Climate Change, and Emerging Infectious Diseases	27	(13)
Paul R. Epstein
Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Key Role for Conservation Medicine	40	(22)
Peter Daszak
Andrew A. Cunningham
Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on Human and Wildlife Health	62	(17)
Theo Colborn
II. Monitoring Ecological Health
Monitoring the Health and Conservation of Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and Their Ecosystems	79	(16)
A. Alonso Aguirre
Todd M. O'Hara
Terry R. Spraker
David A. Jessup
Disease Monitoring for the Conservation of Terrestrial Animals	95	(9)
Linda Munson
William B. Karesh
Emergence of Infectious Diseases in Marine Mammals	104	(14)
Carol House
A. Alonso Aguirre
James A. House
Viruses as Evolutionary Tools to Monitor Population Dynamics	118	(12)
Mary Poss
Roman Biek
Allen Rodrigo
Assessing Stress and Population Genetics Through Noninvasive Means	130	(15)
Samuel K. Wasser
Kathleen E. Hunt
Christine M. Clarke
Animal Behavior as a Tool in Conservation Biology	145	(22)
J. Michael Reed
III. Ecological Health and Humans
Global Ecological Change and Human Health	167	(15)
Jonathan A. Patz
Nathan D. Wolfe
Biodiversity and Human Health	182	(12)
Eric Chivian
Sara Sullivan
Vector-Borne Infections and Health Related to Landscape Changes	194	(13)
David H. Molyneux
Ecological Context of Lyme Disease: Biodiversity, Habitat Fragmentation, and Risk of Infection	207	(13)
Richard S. Ostfeld
Felicia Keesing
Eric M. Schauber
Kenneth A. Schmidt
Zoonotic Infections and Conservation	220	(9)
Thaddeus K. Graczyk
Chronic Effects of Toxic Microalgae on Finfish, Shellfish, and Human Health	229	(24)
JoAnn M. Burkholder
IV. Implementing Conservation Medicine
Ecological Health and Wildlife Disease Management in National Parks	253	(12)
Colin M. Gillin
Gary M. Tabor
A. Alonso Aguirre
Wildlife Health, Ecosystems, and Rural Livelihoods in Botswana	265	(11)
Michael D. Kock
Gary R. Mullins
Jeremy S. Perkins
Zoological Parks in Endangered Species Recovery and Conservation	276	(6)
Anthony Allchurch
The Mountain Gorilla and Conservation Medicine	282	(15)
Michael Cranfield
Lynne Gaffikin
Jonathan Sleeman
Matthew Rooney
Linking Human and Ecosystem Health on the Amazon Frontier	297	(13)
Tamsyn P. Murray
James J. Kay
David Waltner-Toews
Ernesto F. Raez-Luna
Deer Tick--Transmitted Zoonoses in the Eastern United States	310	(17)
Sam R. Telford III
V. Conservation Medicine and Challenges for the Future
Biodiversity in Biomedical Research	327	(18)
Joshua P. Rosenthal
Trent Preszler
Introducing Ecosystem Health into Undergraduate Medical Education	345	(16)
David J. Rapport
John Howard
Robert Lannigan
Robert McMurtry
Douglas L. Jones
Christopher M. Anjema
John R. Bend
Ecotourism: Unforeseen Effects on Health	361	(11)
Mary E. Wilson
Global Ecological Integrity, Global Change, and Public Health	372	(11)
Colin L. Soskolne
Roberto Bertollini
Wildlife Health and Environmental Security: New Challenges and Opportunities	383	(14)
Jamie K. Reaser
Edward J. Gentz
Edward E. Clark, Jr.
Index	397