Constitutional Law in a Nutshell

by Barron, Jerome A.; Dienes, C. Thomas

• ISBN13: 9780314158802
• ISBN10: 0314158804
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-09-01
• Publisher: West Group

Summary

Provides you with a reliable guide to constitutional law. Expert authors summarize judicial review and its limits, national legislative powers, state power in American federalism, Congress and the executive power, due process of law; equal protection, freedom of expression and religion, state action, and congressional legislation in civil rights and liberties.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. V
Table of Cases	p. XIX
Introduction: Constitutional Principles	p. 1
The Allocation of Powers
Judicial Review and Its Limits	p. 4
Foundations of Judicial Review	p. 4
Review of Federal Actions	p. 5
Review of State Actions	p. 9
Foundations of Federal Jurisdiction	p. 10
The Constitutional Basis of Federal Jurisdiction	p. 10
Bases of Federal Court Jurisdiction	p. 11
Statutory Forms of Review	p. 16
Constitutional and Policy Limitations on Judicial Review	p. 17
Constitutional Limitations	p. 18
The Bar of the Eleventh Amendment	p. 18
The "Case or Controversy" Requirement	p. 25
Policy Limitations	p. 26
Specific Doctrines Limiting Judicial Review	p. 28
Who May Litigate?-The Problem of Standing	p. 29
Constitutional Requirements for Standing	p. 29
Federal Taxpayer Standing	p. 45
Citizen Standing	p. 47
Third Party Standing	p. 49
When Can Constitutional Litigation Be Brought? The Problem of Timing	p. 53
Rule Against Mootness	p. 53
Ripeness, Prematurity, and Abstractness	p. 58
What Can Be Litigated? The Political Question Doctrine	p. 61
National Legislative Powers	p. 68
Scope of Congressional Power	p. 68
The Commerce Power	p. 72
Establishing the Foundations	p. 72
Using the Commerce Clause for Police Power Ends	p. 74
The Stream of Commerce	p. 76
The Affectation Doctrine	p. 78
The Taxing Power	p. 92
The Spending Power	p. 93
Intergovernmental Immunities	p. 98
State Power in American Federalism	p. 110
State Power to Regulate Commerce	p. 113
The Nature of the Power	p. 113
The Subject of the Regulation: The Cooley Doctrine	p. 114
The Modern Approach: The Balancing of Interests	p. 115
Discrimination: Purpose, Means, Effects	p. 116
Undue Burdens-Ad Hoc Balancing	p. 131
State as Market Participant	p. 135
Interstate Privileges and Immunities	p. 139
When Congress Speaks	p. 144
Preemption	p. 144
Legitimization	p. 146
Congress and the Executive Power	p. 148
The Domestic Arena	p. 151
Executive Lawmaking	p. 151
Executive Impoundment	p. 153
Delegation, the Legislative Veto, and the Line Item Veto	p. 155
Appointment and Removal	p. 163
Separation of Powers Generally	p. 167
The Foreign Arena	p. 168
Allocating the Foreign Relations Power	p. 169
Treaties and Executive Agreements	p. 171
Allocating the War Power	p. 175
Promoting Executive Responsibility	p. 177
Executive Privilege	p. 177
Executive Immunity	p. 180
Individual Rights and Liberties
Due Process of Law	p. 189
The Process of Incorporation	p. 189
Substantive Due Process	p. 192
Traditional Substantive Due Process	p. 192
The Early Rise and Demise of Economic Due Process	p. 193
Economic Regulation: Substantive Due Process Today	p. 198
The Takings Alternative	p. 201
Substantive Due Process Revisited: Fundamental Personal Rights	p. 211
In General	p. 211
Contraception, Abortion and Sodomy	p. 215
Marital and Familial Rights	p. 238
Right to Care and Protection	p. 245
The Right to Refuse Treatment	p. 248
No Right to Assisted Suicide	p. 250
Other Fundamental Rights	p. 253
Procedural Due Process	p. 253
Life, Liberty and Property Interests	p. 254
Property Interests	p. 255
Liberty Interests	p. 257
The Process That Is Due	p. 262
Equal Protection	p. 274
Traditional Equal Protection	p. 276
The New Equal Protection	p. 285
Classifying Traits	p. 285
Race and Ethnic Origins	p. 293
Alienage: The "Sometimes Suspect" Classification	p. 320
Gender Classification: Intermediate Review	p. 323
Illegitimacy Classification: Intermediate Review	p. 337
Discrimination on the Basis of Sexual Preference	p. 340
Other Bases of Classification	p. 344
Fundamental Rights	p. 345
Interstate Travel	p. 347
Marriage and Family Life	p. 351
Voting	p. 352
Access to Justice	p. 362
The Limits of Fundamental Rights	p. 368
Freedom of Expression	p. 373
The Basic Doctrine	p. 373
The Rationale of Speech Protection	p. 373
A Doctrinal Overview	p. 376
Content Control v. Indirect Burdens	p. 376
Vagueness and Overbreadth	p. 382
The Doctrine of Prior Restraint	p. 386
The Clear and Present Danger Doctrine	p. 390
Symbolic Conduct	p. 396
Freedom of Association and Belief	p. 404
The Source of the Right	p. 404
Membership and Associational Action	p. 405
Group Registration and Disclosure	p. 408
Public Benefits and Government Employment	p. 410
The Right Not to Associate-Compelled Speech	p. 413
The Doctrine Applied	p. 423
Expression in the Local Forum	p. 423
Controlling Speech Content: Inciting, Provocative and Offensive Language	p. 424
Access to Public Property-The Public Forum	p. 435
Access to Private Property	p. 447
Licensing, Permits and Injunctions	p. 452
Commercial Speech	p. 455
From Valentine to Virginia Pharmacy	p. 455
The Advent of the Central Hudson Test	p. 458
Lawyer Advertising	p. 467
Defamation and Privacy	p. 471
Rise of the Public Law of Defamation	p. 471
The Modern Public Law of Defamation	p. 474
Identifying the Public Figure Plaintiff	p. 478
The Public Law of Privacy	p. 480
Obscenity and Indecency	p. 485
Freedom of the Press	p. 505
Newsgathering	p. 506
Public Access to the Media	p. 514
Speech in the Electoral Process	p. 522
Government-Funded Speech	p. 539
Freedom of Religion	p. 545
The Establishment Clause	p. 546
Public Aid to Religion	p. 548
Religion in the Schools	p. 560
Establishment Outside the Schools	p. 571
Free Exercise of Religion	p. 582
State Action	p. 596
Introduction	p. 596
Framing the State Action Doctrine	p. 597
Finding State Action	p. 601
Public Functions	p. 602
Significant Involvement/Joint Participation	p. 605
Encouragement, Authorization and Approval	p. 608
Congressional Legislation in Aid of Civil Rights and Liberties	p. 618
Sources of Congressional Power	p. 618
Enforcing the Thirteenth Amendment	p. 619
Enforcing the Fourteenth Amendment	p. 622
Congress' Remedial Powers	p. 622
Congress' Substantive Powers	p. 623
Reaching Private Conduct	p. 634
Enforcing the Fifteenth Amendment	p. 636
Index	p. 639
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