Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork for Students With Special Needs

by Dettmer, Peggy; Dyck, Norma; Thurston, Linda P.

• ISBN13: 9780205340736
• ISBN10: 0205340733
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This book is a comprehensive, practical guide for preparing educators to consult, collaborate, and work as teams for the education of students with special learning and behavioral needs.This book is designed to help administrators, personnel, general classroom teachers, special education supporters, families, and students themselves to be 1.) clear and focused in regard to their roles and opportunities, 2.) prepared for fulfilling those roles and maximizing the service opportunities, 3.) organized and efficient for successful consultation and collaboration, and 4.) reflective in assessing and improving collaborative school consultation.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Acknowledgments	xv
PART ONE Context
Working Together in Schools	1	(32)
Focusing Questions	2	(1)
Key Terms	2	(1)
Educators' Responsibilities in Schools	2	(2)
Teacher Autonomy and Professional Collegiality	4	(1)
What Collaborative School Consultation Is	5	(5)
Describing Collaborative School Consultation and Co-Teaching	6	(1)
How Consultation, Collaboration, and Teaching as a Team Differ	7	(3)
When Educators Consult, Collaborate, and Co-Teach	10	(1)
What Collaborative School Consultation Is Not	10	(1)
Role Responsibilities for Collaborative School Consultation	11	(2)
Interchangeable Roles and Responsibilities	12	(1)
Initiating School Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork	13	(2)
Key Elements in Consulting and Collaborating	15	(9)
Role Delineation	15	(4)
Framework	19	(2)
Evaluation and Support	21	(1)
Preparation	22	(2)
Themes That Can Interfere	24	(2)
Problem Areas to Avoid	25	(1)
Multiplier Effects of Collaborative School Consultation	26	(1)
Process and Content in the School Context	27	(2)
Synergy of Context, Process, and Content	29	(1)
Tips for Working Together in Schools	30	(1)
Chapter Review	31	(1)
To Do and Think About	31	(1)
For Further Reading	32	(1)
Foundations and Frameworks for Collaborative School Consultation	33	(36)
Focusing Questions	34	(1)
Key Terms	34	(1)
School Improvement Issues	34	(8)
Inclusive or Unified School Systems	37	(5)
Comprehensive School Reform	42	(1)
A Brief History of School Consultation	42	(3)
School Consultation before 1970	43	(1)
School Consultation after 1970	43	(2)
Theoretical Bases of School Consultation	45	(1)
Research Bases of School Consultation	45	(1)
Structure for School Consultation	46	(14)
Semantics for Educational Issues	47	(1)
Structural Elements of Collaborative School Consultation	47	(13)
Synthesizing Structural Elements into Methods of Collaborative Consultation	60	(6)
Tips for Structuring Collaborative School Consultation	66	(1)
Chapter Review	66	(1)
To Do and Think About	67	(1)
For Further Reading	67	(2)
Diversity in Collaborative School Environments	69	(27)
Focusing Questions	69	(1)
Key Terms	70	(1)
Valuing Individual Differences	70	(7)
Adult Differences in the School Context	71	(1)
Thinking Together in Different Ways	72	(1)
Assessing Individual Preferences and Styles	72	(2)
Self-Study of Preferred Styles and Functions	74	(3)
Constructive Use of Adult Differences for Consultation and Collaboration	77	(2)
Differing Teacher Styles	78	(1)
Using Adult Differences to Facilitate Team Interaction	79	(2)
Adult Differences in Communication	80	(1)
Adult Differences in Problem-Solving Styles	80	(1)
Using Knowledge of Adult Differences Wisely	81	(3)
Educators with Disabilities	83	(1)
Effects of Human Diversity on School Consultation and Collaboration	84	(9)
Assessing Multicultural Awareness of Educators for Special Needs Students	86	(2)
Responding to Cultural Diversity in Collaborative Settings	88	(3)
Working with Culturally Diverse Families	91	(1)
Language Needs of Students from Culturally Diverse Groups	92	(1)
Practices for Promoting Multicultural Education	92	(1)
Tips for Using Diversity in School Settings	93	(1)
Chapter Review	94	(1)
To Do and Think About	94	(1)
For Further Reading and Listening	95	(1)
Family-Focused Home-School Collaboration	96	(29)
Focusing Questions	97	(1)
Key Terms	97	(1)
Mandates for Family Involvement	97	(2)
Educational Rationale for Family Involvement	99	(1)
Family Empowerment	99	(1)
Moving From Parent Involvement to Partnerships with Families	100	(2)
Broadened Conceptualization of Family	100	(1)
Beyond Involvement to Collaboration	101	(1)
Values for Home-School Collaboration	101	(1)
Barriers to Collaboration with Families	102	(3)
Cultural Understanding by Educators	103	(1)
Historical, Attitudinal, and Perceptual Factors	104	(1)
Bridges to Successful Home-School Collaboration	105	(2)
Focusing on Family Strengths	105	(1)
Using Appropriate Communication Skills	106	(1)
Providing Social Support	106	(1)
Promoting Positive Roles for Family Members	106	(1)
Developing Home-School Partnerships	107	(14)
Five Steps for Collaborating with Families	108	(13)
Tips for Family-Focused Collaboration	121	(1)
Chapter Review	122	(1)
To Do and Think About	122	(1)
For Further Reading	123	(1)
Resources	124	(1)
PART TWO Process
Communication for Consultation and Collaboration	125	(27)
Focusing Questions	126	(1)
Key Terms	126	(1)
Communication for Effective School Relationships	126	(4)
Challenges of Communication	127	(2)
Ethnic and Gender Differences in Communication	129	(1)
Skills for Communicating	130	(11)
Rapport-Building to Enhance Communication	131	(1)
Responsive Listening Skills	132	(4)
Roadblocks to Communication	136	(2)
Assertiveness	138	(3)
Managing Resistance, Anger, and Negativity	141	(8)
Why Educators Resist	142	(1)
How to Deal with Resistance	142	(2)
Conflict Management	144	(5)
Tips for Communicating Effectively	149	(1)
Chapter Review	149	(1)
To Do and Think About	150	(1)
For Further Reading	151	(1)
Problem-Solving Strategies for Collaborative Consultation	152	(29)
Focusing Questions	152	(1)
Key Terms	153	(1)
The Problem-Solving Process	153	(2)
Communication, Cooperation, and Coordination in Problem-Solving	155	(4)
The POCS Concept for Problem Solving	156	(3)
Problem-Solving Roles	159	(1)
The 10-Step Process for Consultation	159	(10)
What to Say During the Consultation	164	(3)
What to Consider if Group Problem Solving Is Not Successful	167	(2)
Techniques to Facilitate Group Problem Solving	169	(8)
Brainstorming	170	(1)
Creative Problem Solving (CPS)	170	(1)
Lateral Thinking	171	(1)
Concept Mapping	171	(2)
Idea Checklist	173	(1)
Metaphor	173	(1)
Other Collaborative Activities	173	(3)
Interaction Formats	176	(1)
Tips for Problem-Solving Strategies	177	(2)
Chapter Review	179	(1)
To Do and Think About	179	(1)
For Further Reading	180	(1)
Managing Time and Technology for Collaborative Consultation	181	(37)
Focusing Questions	181	(1)
Key Terms	182	(1)
Coping with Stress and Burnout	182	(5)
Minimizing Stress of Professional Responsibilities	183	(4)
Management of Time	187	(8)
Finding Time for Collaboration and Teaming	188	(1)
Techniques for Meetings, Interviews, and Observation	189	(6)
Conducting Effective Interviews	195	(1)
Making Prudent Observations	196	(1)
Management of Consultation Records and Resources	197	(6)
Using a Journal or Consultation Log	198	(1)
Memos	198	(2)
Organizing a Consultation Notebook	200	(2)
Organizing and Distributing Materials	202	(1)
Technology for Enhancing Collaboration	203	(9)
Electronic Technology for Managing Responsibilities	204	(1)
Telecommunications and Electronic Networks	205	(1)
Electronic Scheduling Programs	206	(1)
Information Services	206	(1)
Internet Resources	206	(1)
FAX Communication	207	(1)
Monitoring Student Records	207	(1)
Grades and Attendance Records	207	(1)
Computerized Individual Educational Plans	207	(1)
Assessment and Evaluation	208	(2)
Adapting Materials and Tests	210	(1)
Preparing Reports and Other Written Products	211	(1)
Planning for Use of Technology	212	(1)
Tips for Managing Stress, Time, and Technology	213	(1)
Chapter Review	214	(1)
To Do and Think About	215	(1)
For Further Reading	216	(2)
Assessment and Evaluation	218	(29)
Focusing Questions	218	(1)
Key Terms	219	(1)
Assessing and Evaluating the Consultation	219	(4)
Components of Consultation Evaluation	221	(2)
Developing an Evaluation Plan	223	(2)
Example of an Evaluation Plan	223	(1)
Components of a Good Evaluation Plan	223	(2)
Evaluating the Context of Consultation	225	(1)
Assessment of Classroom Environments	226	(1)
Evaluating the Process of Consultation	226	(5)
Consultant Self-Assessment Procedures	228	(2)
Records of Consultation Activities	230	(1)
Evaluating the Content of Consultation	231	(10)
Assessing Student Academic Performance	231	(6)
Assessing Student Behaviors	237	(4)
Evaluation of Consultation	241	(1)
Skills and Competencies for Collaborative Consultation	241	(2)
Tips for Assessing and Evaluating	243	(1)
Chapter Review	244	(1)
To Do and Think About	245	(1)
For Further Reading	245	(2)
PART THREE Content
Co-Planning and Co-Teaching for Inclusion	247	(36)
Focusing Questions	248	(1)
Key Terms	248	(1)
Planning Inclusive Schools	249	(2)
Importance of Planning for Inclusion	249	(1)
Involving All Stakeholders	250	(1)
Planning Lessons	251	(11)
Typical Lesson Planning	252	(1)
Co-Planning Lessons	252	(4)
Co-Teaching a Lesson Plan	256	(1)
Planning Cooperative Learning Lessons	256	(5)
Resistance to the Concept of Co-Teaching	261	(1)
Planning for Individuals in Inclusive Classrooms	262	(1)
IEP Requirements	262	(1)
Helping Teachers Use IEP Information	262	(1)
Planning Curriculum Adaptations	262	(8)
Technology-Based Accommodations	263	(5)
Curriculum Modifications	268	(2)
Planning Remedial Instruction	270	(3)
Guidelines for Remedial Instruction	272	(1)
Resources for Remedial Lessons	272	(1)
Planning Instructional Support	273	(6)
Planning for Peer Tutors and Other Instructional Assistants	273	(1)
Teaching Study Strategies	274	(1)
Teaching Self-Advocacy	275	(1)
Adapting Tests	275	(2)
Adapting Text Materials	277	(2)
Monitoring Student Progress	279	(1)
Tips for Co-Planning and Co-Teaching	279	(1)
Chapter Review	280	(1)
To Do and Think About	281	(1)
For Further Reading	282	(1)
Roles of Paraeducators and School Administrators in Collaboration and Inclusion	283	(21)
Focusing Questions	284	(1)
Key Terms	284	(1)
Paraeducators as Partners	284	(13)
Delineating the Role of Paraeducators	286	(1)
Paraeducator Responsibilities	286	(3)
Selection and Preparation of Paraeducators	289	(1)
Need for Confidentiality by Paraeducator	290	(1)
Framework for Working with Paraeducators	291	(6)
The School Administrator's Role in Collaboration	297	(3)
Tips for Consulting and Collaborating	300	(1)
Chapter Review	301	(1)
To Do and Think About	302	(1)
For Further Reading	303	(1)
Related Services and Support Personnel	304	(29)
Focusing Questions	305	(1)
Key Terms	305	(1)
Related-Services and Support Personnel as Partners in Inclusion	305	(3)
Collaboration for Students in Rural and Isolated Schools	308	(3)
Needs of Students Who Move Frequently	309	(1)
Needs of Military Dependent Students	310	(1)
Collaboration in Early Childhood Education for Children with Disabilities	311	(1)
Transition Services	311	(2)
Transition from Preschool to School	312	(1)
Transition from School to Work	312	(1)
Roles for Related-Services and Support Personnel	313	(5)
Array of Services for Inclusive Schools	316	(1)
Using Library and Media Resources	316	(2)
Consultants as Coordinators for an Array of Services	318	(4)
Consultants as Coordinators for Interagency Collaboration	319	(1)
Home-School-Community Networks	320	(2)
Coordination and Support of Related Services	322	(4)
Sources for Assistance	325	(1)
Generating Proposals for External Funding	326	(3)
Funding Sources	326	(1)
Preparing the Proposal	327	(2)
Tips for Using Related-Services and Support Personnel	329	(1)
Chapter Review	330	(1)
To Do and Think About	330	(1)
For Further Reading	331	(2)
Resources	332	(1)
Internet Resources	332	(1)
Growth and Change with Collaborative School Consultation and Teamwork	333	(38)
Focusing Questions	334	(1)
Key Terms	334	(1)
Purposes of Professional Development	335	(1)
Roles, Responsibilities, and Opportunities for Professional Development	335	(14)
Characteristics of the Adult Learner	338	(1)
Differentiating Inservice from Staff Development	339	(1)
Determining Professional Development Needs	340	(1)
Presenting Inservice and Staff Development	341	(1)
Formal and Informal Inservice and Staff Development	342	(1)
The Teachers' Workroom as a Forum for Staff Development	343	(2)
Format for Inservice and Staff Development	345	(1)
Outline for Inservice or Staff Development Activity	345	(1)
Finding Time for Inservice and Staff Development	346	(1)
Presenter and Participant Responsibilities	346	(1)
Follow-up Activities	347	(1)
Evaluation of the In-service and Staff Development	347	(1)
Rewards of In-service and Staff Development	348	(1)
Advocacy and Change for Special Needs	349	(5)
Visionary Scope	350	(3)
Advocacy for Students with Special Needs	353	(1)
Student Self-Advocacy	353	(1)
Ethics of Collaborative Consultation	354	(3)
Characteristics and Skills of Effective Collaborative School Consultants	356	(1)
Collaborative Consultants in Mentorships	356	(1)
Developing New Metaphors for Education	357	(3)
Benefits of Collaborative School Consultation	360	(3)
Positive Ripple Effects of Collaborative School Consultation	361	(2)
Developing a Plan for Integrating Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork into Your Professional Role	363	(1)
Getting Started as a Collaborative School Consultant and Team Member	364	(2)
Challenges for Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork in the Future	366	(1)
Tips for Growth, Advocacy, and Change	367	(1)
Chapter Review	368	(1)
To Do and Think About	369	(1)
For Further Reading	370	(1)
References	371	(19)
Author Index	390	(6)
Subject Index	396