Consultations in Infectious Disease A Case Based Approach to Diagnosis and Management

by Caplivski, Daniel; Scheld, W. Michael

• ISBN13: 9780199735006
• ISBN10: 019973500X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2012-05-29
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Infectious diseases have plagued man throughout history. In the era of modern medicine antibiotics and vaccines brought the hope of liberation from the great scourges of smallpox, polio, and tuberculosis. Yet, in the ensuing decades as we hoped to close the book on infectious diseases, we have instead been confronted by wave upon wave of new assailants. AIDS, SARS, pandemic influenza, and multi-drug resistant bacteria demonstrated how our technological advances have either fallen short in halting or even enhanced the spread of emerging pathogens. International air travel has collapsed geographic boundaries that once confined tropical infections to distant latitudes. Novel forms of immunosuppression, advances in organ transplantation, and victories in the cancer wars have led to an ever-expanding population at risk for opportunistic infections. In this collection of illustrated cases we give a cross-sectional view of the growing challenges that face the infectious diseases consultant. The modern physician is empowered by high resolution imaging and molecular diagnostic techniques that confer diagnostic capabilities Osler could have only dreamed of. Nevertheless we continue to grapple with the timeless struggles illuminated by Pasteur, Koch, and Fleming between man and the microscopic organisms of the world. Part of the newOxford American Infectious Disease Libraryseries, this book of illustrative cases will appeal to anyone working in a busy infectious diseases consultation service or practice including students, residents, fellows, faculty and other ID practitioners. Featuring numerous high-quality images and illustrations guiding diagnosis and case discussion, the handbook is meant to serve as a highly practical guide covering current approaches and new developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of a cross section of infectious diseases, including community-acquired and healthcare-associated infections.

Author Biography

Daniel Caplivski, MD, is Director, Travel Medicine Program, and Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, at Mount Sinai School of Medicine.

W. Michael Scheld, MD, is Bayer-Gerald L. Mandell Professor of Infectious Diseases, Professor of Internal Medicine, Clinical Professor of Neurosurgery, and Director of Pfizer Initiative in International Health at the University of Virginia.

Table of Contents

Contributors	p. xv
Meningitis	p. 1
A College Student with Altered Mental Status: Neisseria meningitidis Meninigitis	p. 1
	p. 4
Gait Instability and Slurred Speech in an Immunosuppressed Patient: Cryptococcus neoformans Meningitis	p. 8
A 38-year-old Woman from Thailand with Pulmonary Infiltrates and Meningitis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis Meningitis	p. 13
Fever and Confusion after Neurosurgery: Klebsiella pneumoniae Meningitis	p. 18
Encephalitis and Myelopathy	p. 23
Recurrent Meningitis: Herpes simplex virus Meningoencephalitis	p. 23
Confusion and Fever in an Elderly Woman: Varicella zoster virus Encephalitis	p. 25
A 41-year-old Woodcutter with Progressively Worsening Mental Status: Acanthamoebã Encephalitis	p. 32
A Renal Transplant Recipient with Weakness and Gait Instability: Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 Myelopathy	p. 36
Focal Central Nervous System Infections	p. 43
Ataxia, Dizziness, and Altered Mental Status in a Patient Previously Treated for Pneumonia: Streptococcus intermedius Brain Abscess	p. 43
A 55-Year-Old Man with Back Pain: Staphylococcus aureus Epidural Abscess	p. 47
A Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient with Back Pain and Weakness: Nocardia farcinica Epidural Abscess	p. 50
A Construction Worker with Headache and Visual Loss: Neurocysticercosis	p. 54
A 42-Year-Old Man with Progressive Cognitive Decline: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	p. 60
Ophthalmologic Infections	p. 67
A 23-Year-Old Contact Lens Wearer with Eye Pain and Decreased Vision: Pseudomonas Keratitis	p. 67
A 46-Year-Old Man with a Painful Red Eye and a Rash: Treponema pallidum Uveitis	p. 70
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a Patient with AIDS: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis	p. 76
A 17-Year-Old Female with Peripheral Vision Loss: Streptococcus bovis Endophthalmitis	p. 84
Fever, Chills, and Unilateral Vision Loss in a 73-Year-Old Man: Streptococcus bovis Endophthalmitis	p. 90
Decreased Vision and a Painful, Red Eye in a Patient with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and Prolonged Neutropenia: Aspergillus fumigatus Endophthalmitis	p. 94
Blurry Vision in a Patient with AIDS: Immune Reconstitution Uveitis	p. 99
Oropharyngeal and Sinus Infections	p. 107
A 43-Year-Old Man with Neck Swelling and Stridor: Meenakshi Mehrotra Rana	p. 107
Sore Throat and Neck Swelling in a 48-Year-Old Man with AIDS Streptococcus pyogenes	p. 111
Sore Throat and Shortness of Breath followed by Septic Shock in a Healthy 18-Year-Old Polo Player	p. 116
A Renal Transplant Recipient with Facial Pain and Swelling: Mucormycosis	p. 120
Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompetent Hosts	p. 127
A 27-Year-Old Woman with a Fever, Cough, and Pleuritic Chest Pain: Streptococcus pneumoniae	p. 127
A 31-Year-Old Man with Skin Lesions Following a Respiratory Illness: Mycoplasma pneumoniae	p. 132
Persistent Cough in a Woman from Mexico: Mycobacterium tuberculosis	p. 137
Respiratory Distress in 2009: H1N1 Influenza	p. 147
Three Men with Severe Pneumonia after Entering a Mine: Histoplasma capsulatum	p. 153
Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts	p. 161
A 73-Year-Old Man with Nosocomial Pneumonia: Pseudomonas aeruginosa	p. 161
A 72-Year-Old Woman with Persistent Cough and Neutropenia: Respiratory Syncytial Virus	p. 167
A 56-Year-Old Woman with Pulmonary Nodules: Aspergillus fumigatus	p. 170
A 47-Year-Old Woman from Thailand with Worsening Dyspnea: Pneumocystis jiroveci	p. 176
Severe Pneumonia from a Gram-Positive Bacillus: Nocardia asteroides	p. 180
Fever, Cough, and Shortness of Breath in an Immunocompromised Host Legionella pneumophila	p. 184
Cardiac Infections	p. 191
A 36-Year-Old Man with Homonymous Hemianopsia: Streptococcus constellatus Endocarditis	p. 191
Shortness of Breath and Weight Loss in a Patient with Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Cardiobacterium hominis Endocarditis	p. 200
A 24-Year-Old Man from Botswana with Pleuritic Chest Pain: Tuberculous Pericarditis	p. 294
Skin Lesion in a Patient with Recent Heart Transplant Chagas Disease	p. 208
Gastrointestinal Infections	p. 217
Diffuse Colitis and Pseudomembranes: Clostridium difficile Colitis	p. 217
Abdominal Pain, Fever, and Weight Loss in a Patient with Crohn's Disease: Gemella morbillorum Liver Abscess	p. 222
Fevers and Chills after Travel to India: Typhoid Fever	p. 226
Enlarging Liver Cysts in a Woman from Uzbekistan: Hydatid Cysts from Echinococcus granulosus	p. 230
A-6S Year-Old Heart Transplant Recipient with Abdominal Pain and Altered Mental Status: Strongyloides stercorals	p. 233
A Liver Transplant Recipient with Fever and Abdominal Pain: Cytomegalovirus Colitis	p. 239
Urinary Tract Infections	p. 247
Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Pyelonephritis: Staphylococcus aureus Pyelonephritis	p. 247
A 19-Year-Old Stem Cell Transplant Recipient with Hematuria: BK Virus Hemorrhagic Cystitis	p. 249
Multidrug-Resistant Organisms: KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae	p. 251
An 84-Year-Old Man in Septic Shock: Prostatic abscess Meenakshi Mehrotra Rana	p. 255
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections	p. 261
A 21-Year-Old Man with Recurrent Abscesses: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection	p. 261
A 60-Year-Old Woman with Diabetes Mellitus and Severe Leg Pain: Streptococcus agalactiae Necrotizing Fasciitis	p. 265
Postoperative Dehiscence Following Gastric Banding Surgery: Mycobacterium fortuitum	p. 271
A 61-Year-Old Woman from Mexico with Cutaneous Ulcers: Sporothrix schencki	p. 277
Enlarging Skin Lesions in a Kidney-Pancreas Transplant Recipient: Alternaria	p. 279
Orbital, Ear, and Skin Lesions in a Healthy Laboratory Research Assistant Vaccinia Virus Infection	p. 282
A 46-Year-Old Man with Fevers, Rash, and Malaise: Acute Retroviral Syndrome; Acute Retroviral Syndrome	p. 286
Bone and Joint Infections	p. 291
51-Year-Old Woman with a Painless Foot Ulcer: Diabetic Foot Infections	p. 291
Non-Healing Skin Ulceration with an Associated Fistulous Tract: Tuberculous Osteomyelitis	p. 293
A Painful, Swollen Knee: Prosthetic Joint Infections	p. 293
A 68-Year-Old Woman with Fever and Multiple Inflamed Joints: Neisseria meningitidis	p. 301
Vector-Borne Infections	p. 305
A Veterinarian with Multiple Skin Ulcers after Travel to Costa Rica: Leishmaniasis	p. 305
Fever in a Returned Traveler Plasmodium max malaria	p. 310
A 51-Year-Old Woman with Fever, Rash, and an Eschar: Rickettsialpox	p. 315
A Call from the Hematology Lab: Babesiosis	p. 320
Altered Mental Status, Thrombocytopenia and Leukopenia in a Hiker: Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis	p. 325
Noninfectious Syndromes that Mimic Infections	p. 331
Prolonged Postpartum Fever Septic Pelvic Thrombophlebitis	p. 331
Worsening Dyspnea and Pulmonary Infiltrates: Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia	p. 334
Fever, Hypotension, and Rash in an Immunocompromised Patient with Lymphoma: Graft versus Host Disease	p. 334
A Renal Transplant Recipient with a Mediastinal Mass: Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease	p. 343
A 23-Year-Old Man with Unexplained Fevers, Diffuse Pains, and Rash: Still's Disease	p. 346
A 45-Year-Old Man with Bullae and Vesicles: Vancomycin-associated Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis	p. 352
Index	p. 357
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.