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9780534223144

Contemporary Issues in Bioethics

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780534223144

  • ISBN10:

    0534223141

  • Edition: 4th
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1994-01-24
  • Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Summary

Offers a lucid overview of the central issues in bioethics today, including reproductive technologies, right-to-die, AIDS, eugenics, and human genetics. Presenting differing viewpoints from world-renowned scholars, this thought-provoking book provides an excellent framework for analyzing key issues.

Table of Contents

Preface
Ethical Theory and Bioethicsp. 1
Fundamental Problemsp. 1
The Study of Moralityp. 1
Moral Dilemmas and Disagreementsp. 3
Relativism and Objectivity in Ethicsp. 7
Moral Justificationp. 10
Types of Ethical Theoryp. 11
Utilitarian Theoriesp. 12
Kantian Theoriesp. 14
Contemporary Challenges to the Traditional Theoriesp. 17
Virtue Ethicsp. 17
The Ethics of Carep. 19
Casuistryp. 20
Major Ethical Principlesp. 22
Respect for Autonomyp. 22
Beneficencep. 24
Justicep. 26
Ethics, Law, and Public Policyp. 29
Ethics and Public Affairsp. 29
Morality and Lawp. 30
Legal and Moral Rightsp. 31
Law, Authority, and Autonomyp. 32
Rights and Responsibilitiesp. 39
Professional Codes
"The Hippocratic Oath"p. 43
"Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship (1990)"p. 44
"Code for Nurses (1985)"p. 45
"Declaration of Helsinki (Hong Kong, 1989)"p. 49
The Virtues and Obligations of Professionals
"The Virtuous Physician and the Ethics of Medicine"p. 51
"Separating Care and Cure: An Analysis of Historical and Contemporary Images of Nursing and Medicine"p. 58
"The Ideal Advocate and Limited Resources"p. 69
"Third-Party Interests"p. 75
Professionals and Specific Patient Populations
"Unconscious on a Corner"...p. 85
"Gender Disparities in Clinical Decision Making"p. 87
"The Goals of Medicine in an Aging Society"p. 93
"The Case for Involuntary Hospitalization of the Mentally Ill"p. 102
Moral Quandaries of Professionals
"When Competent Patients Make Irrational Choices"p. 109
"Medical Ethics and Medical Injuries: Taking Our Duties Seriously"p. 115
The Management of Medical Informationp. 123
Truth Telling and the Management of Bad News
"Bad News: Delivery, Dialogue, and Dilemmas"p. 131
"On Telling Patients the Truth"p. 137
Informed Consent
"Canterbury v. Spence"p. 142
"Physicians and Patients: A History of Silence"p. 145
"The Concept of Informed Consent"p. 148
Patient Self-Determination and Advance Directives
"Sources of Concern About the Patient Self-Determination Act"p. 153
"The Patient Self-Determination Act: On Balance, More Help Than Hindrance"p. 160
Managing Information in Randomized Clinical Trials
"Of Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial"p. 163
"Equipoise and the Ethics of Clinical Research"p. 168
The Management of Confidential Information
"Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California"p. 174
"Confidentiality in Medicine - A Decrepit Concept"p. 179
"Is It Permissible to Edit Medical Records?"p. 182
Reproductive Technologies and Surrogate Parenting Arrangementsp. 187
Parenting and the Family
"Artificial Means of Reproduction and Our Understanding of the Family"p. 191
"Motherhood: Beyond Patriarchy"p. 198
"Ethics and the New Reproductive Technologies"p. 201
The Problem of Infertility
"The Demography of Infertility"p. 206
"Infertility"p. 210
"Infertility as Disability"p. 211
In Vitro Fertilization
"The Ethics of In Vitro Fertilization"p. 216
"Feminist Ethics and In Vivo Fertilization"p. 224
Surrogate Parenting Arrangements
"Is Women's Labor a Commodity?"p. 233
"Surrogate Mothering: Exploitation or Empowerment?"p. 244
"The Ethics and Economics of Enforcing Contracts of Surrogate Motherhood"p. 253
"Choosing Family Law over Contract Law as a Paradigm for Surrogate Motherhood"p. 258
Abortion and Maternal-Fetal Relationsp. 271
The Problem of Moral Justification
"An Almost Absolute Value in History"p. 279
"A Defense of Abortion"p. 283
"The Morality of Abortion"p. 292
"On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion"p. 302
Legal Issues of Abortion
"Roe v. Wade: Majority Opinion and Dissent"p. 312
"City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health"p. 316
"Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Robert P. Casey, et al., etc."p. 319
Maternal-Fetal Relationships and Rights
"Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc."p. 326
"Johnson v. State of Florida"p. 329
"In Re A.C."p. 332
"Cesareans and Samaritans"p. 337
"Should Mom Be Constrained in the Best Interests of the Fetus?"p. 343
The Right to Diep. 351
Decisions by Competent Adults
"The Medical Directive"p. 355
"The Values History"p. 363
"Is There a Right to Die?"p. 371
Decisions on Behalf of the Formerly Competent
"Guidelines on the Termination of Life-Sustaining Treatment and the Care of the Dying"p. 381
"Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health"p. 383
"Woman in Right-to-Die Case Succumbs"p. 403
"Beyond Cruzan: Individual Rights, Family Autonomy and the Persistent Vegetative State"p. 404
Decisions About Infants
"The Johns Hopkins Case"p. 413
"Selective Nontreatment of Handicapped Newborns"p. 414
"Treating Baby Doe: The Ethics of Uncertainty"p. 419
Active Euthanasia and Assisted Suicidep. 431
The Distinction Between Active Killing and Allowing to Die
Active and Passive Euthanasiap. 439
"A Reply to Rachels on Active and Passive Euthanasia"p. 442
When is Forgoing Treatment also Killing?
"In the Matter of Claire C. Conroy"p. 450
"In the Matter of Claire C. Conroy"p. 452
"In the Matter of Claire C. Conroy"p. 455
"Brophy v. New England Sinai Hospital"p. 455
"Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dept. of Health"p. 459
"Vital Distinctions, Mortal Questions: Debating Euthanasia and Health-Care Costs"p. 461
"Recognizing the Tragic Choice: Food, Water, and the Right to Assisted Suicide"p. 465
Physician-Assisted Suicide and Voluntary Active Euthanasia
"McKay v. Bergstedt"p. 472
"Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making"p. 479
"Euthanasia as a Distortion of the Healing Relationship"p. 483
"When Self-Determination Runs Amok"p. 485
"Voluntary Active Euthanasia"p. 490
The Netherlands Experience
"A Case Against Dutch Euthanasia"p. 500
"Euthanasia in The Netherlands"p. 506
The Global AIDS Epidemicp. 513
General Issues
"Ethical Issues in the Prevention and Treatment of HIV and AIDS"p. 517
"A Disease of Society"p. 528
"The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States"p. 530
"Public Health Policy and the AIDS Epidemic: An End to HIV Exceptionalism?"p. 534
The Duty to Warn and the Duty Not to Harm
"Sex, Lies, and HIV"p. 539
"AIDS and Privacy"p. 541
"The Duty to Warn 'Dilemma' and Women with AIDS"p. 549
Testing and Screening Programs
"Mandatory HIV Screening and Testing"p. 557
"The Ethics of Screening for Early Intervention in HIV Disease"p. 571
"HIV Infection, Pregnant Women and Newborns: A Policy Proposal for Information and Testing"p. 581
A Global Perspective
"AIDS in the World"p. 589
Eugenics and Human Geneticsp. 593
Eugenics Programs in the United States and Germany
"Eugenic Sterilization in the United States"p. 597
"Buck v. Bell (1927)"p. 607
"Carrie Buck's Daughter"p. 609
"Sterilization and the Nazi Biomedical Vision"p. 614
The Human Genome Project and Genetic Testing
"The Human Genome Project: Plans, Status, and Applications in Biology and Medicine"p. 622
"Which Ills to Bear?: Reevaluating the 'Threat' of Modern Genetics"p. 629
"Discrimination as a Consequence of Genetic Testing"p. 637
"Genomics and Eugenics: How Fair Is the Comparison?"p. 644
Human Gene Therapy
"Ethical Issues in Human Gene Therapy"p. 651
"Human Gene Therapy"p. 659
"Position Paper on Human Germ Line Manipulation"p. 668
Justice in the Distribution of Health Carep. 675
Just Health Care and the Right to Health Care
"Securing Access to Health Care"p. 683
"Justice, the Basic Social Contract, and Health Care"p. 689
"The Right to a Decent Minimum of Health Care"p. 695
"Rights to Health Care"p. 701
Universal Health Insurance and Universal Access
"Toward Justice in Health Care"p. 707
"It Is Time for Universal Access, Not Universal Insurance"p. 716
"A Consumer-Choice Health Plan for the 1990s: Universal Health Insurance in a System Designed to Promote Quality and Economy"p. 718
"An Ethical Evaluation of Health Care in the United States"p. 727
Rationing Health Care and the Oregon Plan
"The Oregon Priority-Setting Exercise: Quality of Life and Public Policy"p. 734
"Is the Oregon Rationing Plan Fair?"p. 739
"Ethics and Priority Setting in Oregon"p. 745
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.

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