Controversies In Science And Technology

by Kleinman, Daniel Lee; Kinchy, Abby J.; Handelsman, Jo

• ISBN13: 9780299203948
• ISBN10: 0299203948
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-04-30
• Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Pr

Summary

Written for general readers, teachers, journalists, and policymakers, this volume explores four controversial topics in science and technology, with commentaries from experts in such fields as sociology, religion, law, ethics, and politics: * Antibiotics and Resistance: the science, the policy debates, and perspectives from a microbiologist, a veterinarian, and an M.D. * Genetically Modified Maize and Gene Flow: the science of genetic modification, protecting genetic diversity, agricultural biotech vesus the environment, corporate patents versus farmers' rights * Hormone Replacement Theory and Menopause: overview of the Women's Health Initiative, history of hormone replacement therapy, the medicalization of menopause, hormone replacement therapy and clinical trials * Smallpox: historical and medical overview of smallpox, government policies for public health, the Emergency Health Powers Act, public resistance vs. cooperation.

Author Biography

Daniel Lee Kleinman is associate professor of rural sociology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and author of Impure Cultures: University Biology and the World of Commerce. Abby J. Kinchy is research assistant in rural sociology at UW–Madison. Jo Handelsman is the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor in the Department of Plant Pathology and codirector of the Women in Science and Engineering Leadership Institute at UW–Madison.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	xi
Introduction: From Maize to Menopause	3	(20)
Abby J. Kinchy, Daniel Lee Kleinman, and Jo Handelsman
Part 1: Overuse of Antibiotics on the Farm
1 Antibiotic Resistance: The Agricultural Connection	23	(14)
Christine Mlot
2 Agricultural Antibiotics: Features of a Controversy	37	(15)
Brian Martin
3 Agricultural Uses of Antibiotics: Evaluating Possible Safety Concerns	52	(15)
Abigail A. Salyers
4 Antibiotics in Animal Agriculture: An Ecosystem Dilemma	67	(16)
Randall S. Singer
5 The Impact of Antibiotic Use in Agriculture on Human Health and the Appropriate Public Policy Response	83	(24)
Tamar Barlam
Part 2: Genetically Modified Crops: Global Issues
6 Genetic Modification and Gene Flow: An Overview	107	(12)
Allison A. Snow
7 Introduction of Transgenic Crops in Centers of Origin and Domestication	119	(16)
Paul Gepts
8 Agricultural Biotechnology Science Compromised: The Case of Quist and Chapela	135	(15)
Kenneth A. Worthy, Richard C. Strohman, Paul R. Billings, and the Berkeley Biotechnology Working Group
9 Hard Red Spring Wheat at a Genetic Crossroad: Rural Prosperity or Corporate Hegemony?	150	(19)
R. Dennis Olson
10 Agricultural Biotechnology and the Environmental Challenge	169	(12)
Peter H. Raven
Part 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy and Menopause: Science, Culture, and History
11 Postmenopausal Hormones: An Overview	181	(17)
Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
12 The Medicalization of Menopause in America, 1897-2000: Mapping the Terrain	198	(21)
Judith A. Houck
13 The History of Hormone Replacement Therapy: A Timeline	219	(17)
Barbara Seaman
14 Symptom Reporting at the End of Menstruation: Biological Variation and Cultural Difference	236	(18)
Margaret Lock
15 Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Practice	254	(19)
David L. DeMets
Part 4 Smallpox and Bioterrorism
16 Smallpox: The Disease, the Virus, and the Vaccine	273	(10)
Dixie D. Whitt
17 The Model State Emergency Health Powers Act: A Tool for Public Health Preparedness	283	(14)
Lesley Stone, Lawrence O. Gostin, and James G. Hodge Jr.
18 The States and the War against Bioterrorism: Reactions to the Federal Smallpox Campaign and the Model State Emergency Health Powers Act	297	(14)
David Rosner and Gerald Markowitz
19 Public Resistance or Cooperation? A Tale of Smallpox in Two Cities	311	(16)
Judith Walzer Leavitt
Contributors	327	(8)
Index	335