Core Curriculum for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing

by AAOHN

• ISBN13: 9781416023746
• ISBN10: 1416023747
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-12-01
• Publisher: Saunders

Summary

A comprehensive overview of occupational and environmental health nursing, this new edition represents the most current core knowledge on the many dimensions of occupational and environmental health nursing practice today. Written by experts in the field, this guide is based on recent revisions to the AAOHN's Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice. It is useful as a basic orientation to this specialty, as a study tool when preparing for certification, and as a clinical reference, regardless of your setting. An outline format makes information easy to find and easy to follow! Book jacket.

Table of Contents

SECTION ONE Foundations of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice
Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing: An Overview	3	(32)
Mary E. Dirksen
Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety	3	(1)
Historical Perspective on Work and Occupational Health	4	(3)
Evolution of Occupational Health and Safety	7	(6)
Brief History of Workers' Compensation	13	(1)
The Occupational Safety and Health Act	14	(1)
National Health Goals: Healthy People and Healthy Communities	15	(1)
Occupational Health in the International Community	15	(2)
The Workplace: Occupational Hazards and Their Impact on Workers	17	(2)
Work-Related Injury and Illness	19	(4)
Assessment and Prevention of Occupational and Environmental Injury and Illness	23	(1)
History and Evolution of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	24	(1)
The Practice of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	25	(6)
Future Opportunities and Challenges	31	(4)
Workers and Worker Populations	35	(36)
Sally L. Lusk
Delbert M. Raymond III
Catherine Connon
Mary Miller
Demographic and Social Trends	35	(3)
Technologic Trends	38	(2)
Females in the Workforce	40	(1)
Minorities in the Workforce	41	(1)
Age of Workers	42	(2)
Children in the Workforce	44	(4)
Contingent and Other Alternative Workers	48	(2)
Workers in Labor Unions	50	(1)
Disabled Workers	51	(2)
Agricultural Workers	53	(3)
Construction Workers	56	(2)
Health Care Workers	58	(5)
International (Expatriate) Workers	63	(8)
Legal and Ethical Issues	71	(30)
Diane Knoblauch
Patricia B. Strasser
Sources of Law	71	(1)
Basic Legal Concepts Relevant to Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	72	(1)
Legal Responsibilities of the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	73	(1)
Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91-596)	73	(4)
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990	77	(2)
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 (29 CFR825.118)	79	(2)
The Department of Transportation	81	(1)
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)	82	(1)
Documentation	83	(1)
Recordkeeping	84	(4)
Access to Employee Medical and Exposure Records	88	(2)
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, 1996)	90	(3)
Overview of Workers' Compensation	93	(1)
Overview of Workers' Compensation Benefits	94	(1)
Professional Position on Ethics	95	(1)
Ethics: Definitions and Principles	95	(1)
Ethical Conflicts	96	(5)
Economic, Political, and Business Forces	101	(18)
Deborah V. DiBenedetto
Introduction to Economics	101	(2)
Economic State of the Nation	103	(1)
The Impact of Economics on the Individual	104	(1)
Changes in the National Economy	105	(1)
Factors Affecting National and Global Competitiveness	105	(1)
International Trade Status of the Nation	106	(1)
The Global Marketplace	107	(1)
Implications for the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	108	(1)
Business Trends	108	(1)
Major Business Issues	109	(3)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	112	(1)
Health Care Reform and Managed Health Care	113	(1)
Overview of Managed Care	113	(1)
Quality Controls in Managed Care	114	(1)
Judging Standards of Care	115	(1)
Defining and Evaluating Quality Outcomes	115	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	116	(3)
Scientific Foundations of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	119	(34)
Jacqueline Agnew
Nursing Science	119	(1)
Nursing Science in the Context of Public Health	119	(2)
Evolution of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	121	(2)
Epidemiology	123	(1)
Overview of Epidemiologic Terms and Principles	123	(1)
Measures of Association	124	(1)
Sources of Epidemiologic Data	124	(1)
Comparisons of Rates	125	(1)
Types of Rates	125	(1)
Inferential Statistics	126	(1)
Overview of Study Designs	126	(1)
Bias and Confounding in Epidemiologic Studies	127	(2)
Screening	129	(1)
Toxicology	130	(1)
Overview of Toxicologic Terms and Principles	130	(1)
Major Exposure Routes	131	(1)
The Dose-Response Relationship	132	(1)
Nature of Effects	132	(1)
The Fate of Toxins in the Body	133	(1)
Endogenous and Exogenous Host Factors	133	(1)
Examples of Exposures and Their Effects	134	(7)
Industrial Hygiene	141	(1)
Overview of Industrial Hygiene	141	(1)
Sources of Information to Facilitate Hazard Recognition	141	(1)
Sampling Methods	142	(1)
Airborne Contaminants	143	(1)
Control Strategies for Occupational Exposures	143	(1)
Ergonomics	143	(1)
Overview of Ergonomic Terms and Principles	143	(1)
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders	144	(1)
High-Risk Jobs	145	(1)
Evaluating Risk Factors	145	(1)
Ergonomic Improvements	146	(1)
Injury Epidemiology	147	(1)
Occupational Injury Epidemiology	147	(1)
Countermeasures	147	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nurses	148	(1)
Social and Behavioral Sciences	149	(1)
Effects of Social Conditions and Behavior on Health	149	(1)
Health Promotion and Risk Reduction	150	(3)
Environmental Health	153	(30)
Barbara Sattler
Jane Lipscomb
Introduction	153	(2)
Environmental Health Assessment	155	(3)
Children and Environmental Health	158	(2)
Environmental Justice and Advocacy	160	(1)
Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Risk Communication	161	(4)
Federal Agencies	165	(3)
Public Health Infrastructure	168	(1)
Accessing Information and the ``Right to Know''	169	(3)
Environmental Health Risks Across Settings	172	(1)
Environmental Health Risks in the Home	172	(2)
Environmental Risks in Schools	174	(1)
Environmental Risks in the Community	175	(4)
Industrial Pollutants	179	(1)
Nurses' Roles in Environmental Health	179	(1)
General Environmental Health Competency for Nurses	179	(1)
The Institute of Medicine's Recommendations on Nursing Practice, Education, Research, and Advocacy	180	(3)
Principles of Leadership and Management	183	(32)
Joy E. Wachs
Frances Childre
Leadership	183	(1)
Vision	184	(1)
Relationship	185	(1)
Strategic Planning	186	(1)
Management Theories: Historical Perspective	187	(2)
The Management Process	189	(1)
Phase 1 of Task Cycle®: Making Goals Clear and Important	190	(1)
Phase 2 of Task Cycle®: Planning and Problem-Solving	191	(3)
Phase 3 of Task Cycle®: Facilitating the Work of Others	194	(6)
Phase 4 of Task Cycle®: Obtaining and Providing Feedback	200	(5)
Phase 5 of Task Cycle®: Monitoring and Adjusting the Process	205	(2)
Phase 6 of Task Cycle®: Reinforcing Performance	207	(1)
Power: Concern for Influencing People	208	(1)
The Image of the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	209	(1)
Customer Service	209	(6)
Information Management in the Occupational Health Setting	215	(22)
Mary C. Amann
Donni Toth
Introduction to Nursing Informatics	215	(1)
Tools Available to the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	216	(1)
Selecting and Implementing Information Management Systems	217	(7)
The Internet	224	(3)
Intranets	227	(1)
Security	227	(2)
Office Management Programs	229	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	230	(7)
SECTION TWO Strategies and Approaches to Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice
Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating Comprehensive Occupational Health and Safety Programs	237	(18)
Karin D. Myerson
Jane Parker-Conrad
Assessment	237	(2)
Program Planning	239	(2)
Program Implementation	241	(1)
Program Evaluation	242	(6)
Methods of Evaluation	248	(1)
Cost-Effective and Cost-Benefit Programs and Services	249	(2)
Other Health and Safety Program Considerations	251	(4)
Prevention of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses	255	(40)
Marilyn L. Hau
Recognition and Identification	255	(1)
First Steps in a Prevention Program	255	(1)
Methods of Identifying Hazards	256	(8)
Hazard Evaluation and Analysis	264	(1)
Purpose of Hazard Evaluation and Analysis	265	(1)
Industry Standards	265	(2)
Risk Analysis	267	(1)
Exposure Monitoring	268	(3)
Worker Populations Analysis	271	(3)
Prevention and Control	274	(1)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Engineering Controls	274	(5)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Administrative Controls	279	(6)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Personal Protective Equipment	285	(5)
Prevention and Control program That Focus on Comprehensive Containment Approaches	290	(5)
Direct Care in the Occupational Setting	295	(36)
Barbara Burgel
Direct Care Professional Practice Concepts	295	(1)
Overview of Direct Care	296	(4)
Health History	300	(2)
The Physical Examination	302	(5)
Clinical Decision Making	307	(2)
Practice Guidelines	309	(1)
Application of Levels of Prevention to Direct Care Activities	310	(13)
Evaluating Outcomes	323	(8)
Disability Case Management	331	(34)
Mary Lou Wassel
Jean Randolph
Lori K. Rieth
Case Management	331	(1)
Important Case Management Terms	331	(2)
Historical Perspective	333	(4)
Case Management Services: Practice Settings and Providers	337	(1)
Team Roles and Responsibilities	338	(2)
Steps in Program Development	340	(5)
Return to Work (RTW)	345	(14)
Integrated Disability Management Programs	359	(1)
Federal Acts	360	(1)
Delivery Models	360	(5)
Disaster Planning and Management	365	(44)
Marilyn L. Hau
Disaster Characteristics	365	(4)
Disaster Planning and Preparedness	369	(8)
Disaster Response	377	(8)
Disaster Recovery	385	(1)
Natural Hazard-Specific Considerations (FEMA, 2004)	386	(1)
Technologic Hazard-Specific Considerations	387	(2)
Conflict-Related Hazard-Specific Considerations	389	(1)
Terrorism	390	(7)
Template Emergency Preparedness/Disaster Management Plan	397	(8)
Appendices to Include in a Written Plan	405	(4)
Health Promotion and Adult Education	409	(42)
Kay N. Campbell
Overview of Health Promotion	409	(4)
National Health Promotion Objectives	413	(1)
Health Models	413	(3)
Behavior Change Theories and Models	416	(4)
Levels of Prevention	420	(1)
Framework for a Health Promotion Program	420	(4)
Lifestyle and Health Promotion	424	(7)
Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)	431	(2)
Introduction to Adult Education	433	(1)
Philosophies of Adult Education	434	(2)
Motivating Adults to Learn	436	(1)
Teaching Methods and Techniques	437	(1)
Effective Presentations	437	(14)
Managing Psychosocial Factors in the Occupational Setting	451	(22)
Mary K. Salazar
Randal D. Beaton
Overview of Psychosocial Factors	451	(2)
Psychosocial Hazards	453	(7)
Occupational Stress	460	(1)
Effects of Stress on Workers	461	(1)
Effects of Stress on Organizations	462	(1)
Occupational Stress Models	462	(2)
An Ecologic Approach to Occupational Stress	464	(1)
Managing Psychosocial Factors in the Occupational Setting	465	(3)
Evaluating Interventions That Promote Psychosocial Health in the Occupational Setting	468	(5)
Examples of Occupational Health and Safety Programs	473	(46)
Michelle Kom Gochnour
Annie Bruck
Denise Souza
Hearing-loss Prevention Programs and Services	473	(1)
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss	473	(1)
Purposes of a Hearing-loss Prevention Program	474	(1)
Roles and Responsibilities Related to Hearing-loss Prevention Programs	475	(1)
Assessment and Control of Noise Exposure	476	(1)
Worker Training and Education	477	(2)
Hearing Protection Devices	479	(1)
Audiometric Testing	480	(2)
Monitoring and Evaluating a Hearing-loss Protection Program	482	(1)
Ergonomics Programs	483	(1)
Overview of Ergonomics	483	(1)
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders	484	(1)
Ergonomic Regulation and Guidelines	485	(1)
Purposes of Ergonomics Programs and Services	486	(1)
Ergonomics Programs and Services	486	(5)
Training and Education	491	(1)
Management of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) as Part of a Comprehensive Ergonomics Program	492	(1)
Documentation and Recordkeeping	492	(1)
Program Evaluation	493	(1)
Hazard Communication Programs and Services	494	(1)
Hazardous Chemical Exposure	494	(1)
Purposes of a Hazard Communications Program	494	(1)
Management Roles and Responsibilities	494	(1)
Description of the Programs and Services	495	(1)
Elements of the HazCom Program	496	(1)
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)	497	(1)
Trade Secrets	498	(1)
Container Labeling and Warning Requirements	498	(1)
Recordkeeping	498	(1)
Evaluation	498	(1)
Drug and Alcohol Programs and Services	499	(1)
Mandated Drug and Alcohol Programs	499	(1)
Establishing a Drug-Free Workplace	500	(2)
Purposes of a Drug and Alcohol Testing Program	502	(1)
Program Components	502	(1)
Methods and Procedures of a Drug and Alcohol Testing Program	503	(2)
Employee Assistance Programs	505	(1)
Training and Education	505	(1)
Consequences of Drug and Alcohol Abuse and Return to Duty	506	(1)
International Travel Health and Safety Program	506	(1)
International Business and the International Work Force	506	(1)
Roles and Responsibilities Related to International Travel Programs	507	(1)
Health and Safety Education for Travel	508	(3)
Control of Prevalent Communicable Diseases	511	(1)
Post-Travel Evaluation for Long-Term Travelers	512	(7)
SECTION THREE Advancing Professionalism in Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing
Research	519	(14)
Bonnie Rogers
Professional Mandates for Research	519	(1)
Research Roles of Occupational and Environmental Health Nurses by Education Level	519	(1)
Purposes of Research	520	(1)
Ethics in Research	520	(1)
Research Development	521	(5)
Research Dissemination	526	(1)
Research Utilization	526	(1)
Research Priorities	527	(1)
Evaluating Research	528	(1)
Funding Research	529	(4)
Professional Issues: Advancing the Specialty	533	(42)
Eleanor McCarthy Chamberlin
Elizabeth Lawhorn
Professional Associations	533	(1)
Professional Credentialing in Nursing	534	(3)
Competency in Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	537	(1)
Strategies for Advancing the Discipline and Practice	538	(2)
Role Expansion	540	(2)
Partnerships in Occupational and Environmental Health	542	(3)
APPENDIXES
I. Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety Resources	545	(6)
II. Glossary	551	(6)
III. Acronyms	557	(5)
IV. Websites	562	(3)
V. Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act of 1970	565	(2)
VI. Competencies in Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	567	(1)
VII. Standards of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	568	(2)
VIII. American Association of Occupational Health Nurses' Code of Ethics	570	(1)
IX. Legislation Related to Occupational Health and Safety	571	(4)
Index	575