Cornerstones of Security: Arms Control Treaties in the Nuclear Era

by Graham, Thomas, Jr.

• ISBN13: 9780295982960
• ISBN10: 0295982969
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-05-01
• Publisher: Univ of Washington Pr

Summary

This anthology presents the complete text of thirty-four treaties that have effectively contained the spread of nuclear, biological, and conventional weapons during the Cold War and beyond. The treaties are placed in historical context by individual commentaries from noted authorities Thomas Graham Jr. and Damien J. LaVera, which provide unique insights on each treaty's negotiation and implementation. During the 1990s, numerous arms control agreements were concluded under U.N. or U.S. leadership. In 1995, one hundred sixty-five nations agreed to indefinitely extend the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. Many nations ratified important chemical and biological weapons conventions, a pact to reduce conventional forces in Europe, and agreements to limit testing of weapons of mass destruction. More recent treaties seeking to restrain small arms trafficking and ban land mines are also highlighted and analyzed. Graham concludes with lessons learned from the collective negotiation and verification history of these treaties, ongoing efforts to limit weaponry, and general observations on the status and effectiveness of these agreements. There is no comparable resource available for diplomats, international lawyers, and arms control specialists. Thomas Graham Jr. served as acting director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and as Special Ambassador for Disarmament before retiring from government service in 1997. He is the author of Disarmament Sketches: Three Decades of Arms Control and International Law. Ambassador Graham currently serves as chairman of the Lawyers Alliance for World Security in Washington, D.C. Damien J. LaVera serves as coordinator of the Lawyers Alliance for World Security in Washington, D.C.

Table of Contents

Abbreviations and Acronyms	xiv
Preface	xv
Introduction	1	(6)
The 1925 Geneva Protocol	7	(6)
Summary and Analysis	7	(4)
Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare	11	(2)
The Antarctic Treaty	13	(7)
Summary and Analysis	13	(1)
The Antarctic Treaty	14	(6)
The ``Hot Line'' Agreements	20	(9)
Summary and Analysis	20	(1)
Memorandum of Understanding between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Regarding the Establishment of a Direct Communications Link	21	(2)
Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Measures to Improve the U.S.A.-USSR Direct Communications Link	23	(3)
Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to Expand the U.S.-USSR Direct Communications Link	26	(3)
The Limited Test Ban Treaty	29	(5)
Summary and Analysis	29	(2)
Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water	31	(3)
The Outer Space Treaty	34	(7)
Summary and Analysis	34	(1)
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies	35	(6)
Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Treaties	41	(57)
Background on Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones	41	(1)
Treaty of Tlatelolco	42	(1)
Summary and Analysis---Latin American Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	42	(3)
Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America	45	(10)
Additional Protocol I to The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America	55	(1)
Additional Protocol II to the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America	56	(2)
Treaty of Rarotonga	58	(1)
Summary and Analysis---South Pacific Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	58	(1)
South Pacific Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Treaty	59	(7)
Protocol 1	66	(1)
Protocol 2	67	(1)
Protocol 3	68	(1)
Treaty of Bangkok	69	(1)
Summary and Analysis---Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	69	(1)
Treaty of Bangkok	70	(8)
Protocol to the Treaty on Southeast Asia Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone	78	(2)
Treaty of Pelindaba	80	(1)
Summary and Analysis---African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	80	(1)
African Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Treaty	81	(7)
Protocol I	88	(1)
Protocol II	89	(1)
Protocol III	90	(1)
Mongolian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	91	(1)
Summary and Analysis---Mongolian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone	91	(1)
Law of Mongolia on Its Nuclear-Weapon-Free Status Adopted on 3 February 2000	92	(2)
Resolution 19 of the State Great Hural of Mongolia on Measures to be Taken in Connection with the Adoption of the Law on Its Nuclear-Weapon-Free Status, Adopted on 3 February 2000	94	(1)
General Assembly Resolution A/RES/53/77	95	(1)
Proposals for Additional Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones	96	(1)
Central Asia	96	(1)
Northeast Asia	97	(1)
Central and Eastern Europe	97	(1)
Middle East	97	(1)
The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty	98	(93)
Summary and Analysis	98	(10)
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	108	(4)
Documents from the 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference	112	(4)
Resolution on the Middle East	116	(1)
Final Document Issued by 2000 NPT Review Conference	117	(21)
The Structure and Content of Agreements between the Agency and States Required in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	138	(20)
Model Protocol Additional to the Agreement(s) between ... and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards	158	(33)
Special Non-Proliferation Treaty Safeguards Agreements	191	(92)
The U.S. Voluntary Safeguard Agreement	191	(1)
Summary and Analysis	191	(3)
Agreement between the United States of America and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in the United States	194	(21)
Protocol to the Agreement between the United States of America and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards in the United States	215	(6)
Euratom Safeguards	221	(1)
Summary and Analysis	221	(1)
Agreement between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency in Implementation of Article III, (1) and (4) of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	222	(25)
Protocol	247	(4)
Agreement between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	251	(1)
Agreement between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	252	(1)
Agreement between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	252	(1)
Agreement between Belgium, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, the European Atomic Energy Community and the Agency in Connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons	253	(1)
The Argentine-Brazilian Nuclear Safeguards Agreement of 1991	254	(1)
Summary and Analysis	254	(1)
Agreement between the Republic of Argentina, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Brazilian-Argentine Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards	254	(25)
Protocol	279	(4)
The Seabed Arms Control Treaty	283	(6)
Summary and Analysis	283	(2)
Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Seabed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil Thereof	285	(4)
The ``Accidents Measures'' Agreement	289	(3)
Summary and Analysis	289	(1)
Agreement on Measures to Reduce the Risk of Outbreak of Nuclear War between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	290	(2)
The Biological Weapons Convention	292	(9)
Summary and Analysis	292	(4)
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction	296	(5)
The Incidents at Sea Agreement	301	(5)
Summary and Analysis	301	(1)
Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Prevention of Incidents on and over the High Seas	302	(2)
Protocol to the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Prevention of Incidents on and over the High Seas Signed May 25, 1972	304	(2)
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks	306	(66)
Summary and Analysis	306	(4)
The 1972 Antiballistic Missile Treaty	309	(1)
Interpretation Debate	310	(2)
Legal Debate on the ABM Treaty Succession	312	(1)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems	313	(3)
Agreed Statements, Common Understandings, and Unilateral Statements Regarding the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missiles	316	(4)
Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Regarding the Establishment of a Standing Consultative Commission	320	(1)
Standing Consultative Commission Protocol	321	(1)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems	322	(1)
Protocol on Procedures Governing Replacement, Dismantling or Destruction, and Notification Thereof, for ABM Systems and Their Components	323	(1)
Procedures Governing Dismantling or Destruction, and Notification Thereof, for ABM Systems and Their Components	324	(1)
Supplementary Protocol to the Protocol on Procedures Governing Replacement, Dismantling or Destruction, and Notification Thereof, for ABM Systems and Their Components of July 3, 1974	325	(1)
Procedures Governing Replacement, Dismantling or Destruction, and Notification Thereof, for ABM Systems and Their Components	326	(10)
The 1972 SALT I Interim Agreement	336	(1)
Summary and Analysis	336	(1)
Interim Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	337	(2)
Protocol to the Interim Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	339	(1)
Agreed Statements, Common Understandings, and Unilateral Statements Regarding the Interim Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	340	(3)
SALT II	343	(1)
Summary and Analysis	343	(4)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, Together with Agreed Statements and Common Understandings Regarding the Treaty	347	(20)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, Together with Agreed Statements and Common Understandings Regarding the Protocol	367	(1)
Memorandum of Understanding between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Regarding the Establishment of a Data Base on the Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms	368	(1)
Statement of Data on the Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms as of the Date of Signature of the Treaty	369	(1)
Statement of Data on the Numbers of Strategic Offensive Arms as of the Date of Signature of the Treaty	370	(1)
Joint Statement of Principles and Basic Guidelines for Subsequent Negotiations on the Limitation of Strategic Arms	370	(1)
Soviet Backfire Statement	371	(1)
The Threshold Test Ban Treaty	372	(62)
Summary and Analysis	372	(2)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests	374	(2)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests	376	(58)
The Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Treaty	434	(30)
Summary and Analysis	434	(2)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Underground Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes	436	(3)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Underground Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes	439	(25)
The Environmental Modification Convention	464	(7)
Summary and Analysis	464	(1)
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques	465	(6)
The Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material	471	(9)
Summary and Analysis	471	(1)
Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material	471	(9)
Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons	480	(23)
Summary and Analysis	480	(1)
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed To Be Excessively Injurious or To Have Indiscriminate Effects	481	(4)
Protocol on Non-detectable Fragments (Protocol I)	485	(1)
Protocol on Prohibitions on Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices (Protocol II)	485	(4)
Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary Weapons (Protocol III)	489	(1)
Documents of the Review Conference of the States Parties to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons	490	(12)
Additional Protocol to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects (Protocol IV)	502	(1)
Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers	503	(6)
Summary and Analysis	503	(1)
Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Establishment of Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers	504	(1)
Protocol I to the Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Establishment of Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers	505	(1)
Protocol II to the Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Establishment of Nuclear Risk Reduction Centers	506	(3)
The Ballistic Missile Launch Notification Agreement	509	(3)
Summary and Analysis	509	(1)
Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Notifications of Launches of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles	510	(2)
The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty	512	(80)
Summary and Analysis	512	(6)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles	518	(11)
Memorandum of Understanding Regarding the Establishment of the Data Base for the Treaty between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles	529	(35)
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Elimination of the Missile Systems Subject to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles	564	(9)
Protocol Regarding Inspections Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles	573	(13)
Corrigenda	586	(1)
Agreed Minute	587	(1)
Note of the Government of the United States of America to the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics	588	(1)
Note of the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the Government of the United States of America	589	(1)
Exchange of Notes at Moscow May 28, 1988 Identifying and Confirming Which Documents, in Addition to the Treaty, Have the Same Force and Effect as the Treaty	590	(2)
The Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty	592	(230)
Summary and Analysis	592	(6)
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	598	(17)
Protocol on Existing Types of Conventional Armaments and Equipment	615	(12)
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Reclassification of Specific Models or Versions of Combat-Capable Trainer Aircraft into Unarmed Trainer Aircraft	627	(3)
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Reduction of Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	630	(11)
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Categorisation of Combat Helicopters and the Recategorisation of Multi-Purpose Attack Helicopters	641	(2)
Protocol on Notification and Exchange of Information	643	(11)
Protocol on Inspection	654	(23)
Protocol on the Joint Consultative Group	677	(1)
Protocol on the Provisional Application of Certain Provisions of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	678	(1)
Associated Statements and Documents	679	(14)
Protocol on Maximum Levels for Holdings of Conventional Armaments and Equipment of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, and the Republic of Georgia	693	(3)
Protocol on Armored Vehicle Launched Bridges in Active Units	696	(1)
Protocol on Combat Helicopters MI-24K and MI-24R not Subject to Limitations on Attack Helicopters	696	(1)
Protocol on Conventional Armaments and Equipment in Categories Limited by the Treaty and Located in Coastal Defense Forces, Naval Infantry, and Strategic Rocket Forces	697	(1)
Joint Declaration of the Azerbaijan Republic, the Armenian Republic, the Republics of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Moldova, the Russian Federation, Ukraine and the Georgian Republic, in Connection with the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	698	(1)
Final Document of the Extraordinary Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	698	(6)
Provisional Application of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990	704	(1)
Document of the Extraordinary Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, 13 November 1992	705	(1)
Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the Government of the Slovak Republic on the Principles and Procedures for Implementing the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe and Concluding Act of the Negotiation on Personnel Strength of Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	705	(3)
Protocol on Maximum Levels for Holdings of Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic	708	(1)
Protocol on National Personnel Limits	709	(1)
Protocol on Armored Vehicle Launched Bridges in Active Units	709	(1)
Protocol on Reduction Liability	710	(1)
Protocol on Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty Designated for Conversion for Non-military Purposes	711	(1)
Protocol on Conventional Armaments and Equipment Limited by the Treaty Awaiting Export	711	(1)
Protocol on Active and Passive Declared Site Inspection Quotas for the First Phase of the Reduction Period	712	(1)
Protocol on the Scale Distribution for the Common Expenses Associated with the Operation of the Joint Consultative Group	713	(1)
Joint Extraordinary Conference Relating to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe and the Concluding Act of the Negotiation on Personnel Strength of Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	713	(1)
Document of the States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	714	(4)
Document of the Participating States of the Concluding Act of the Negotiation on Personnel Strength of Conventional Armed Forces in Europe	718	(9)
Memorandum of Understanding, Vienna, 30 August 1995	727	(14)
Final Act of the Conference of the States Parties to the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, 19 November 1999	741	(6)
Agreement on Adaptation of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe CFE.DOC/1/99	747	(75)
The Open Skies Treaty	822	(61)
Summary and Analysis	822	(1)
Treaty on Open Skies	823	(60)
The Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties (START I & II)	883	(285)
Summary and Analysis	883	(6)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	889	(43)
Protocol on Inspections and Continuous Monitoring Activities Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	932	(118)
Protocol on Procedures Governing the Conversion or Elimination of the Items Subject to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1050	(10)
Protocol on Notifications Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1060	(24)
Protocol on ICBM and SLBM Throw-Weight Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1084	(2)
Protocol on Telemetric Information Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1086	(13)
Protocol on the Joint Compliance and Inspection Commission Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1099	(5)
Relevant Letters	1104	(1)
Related Agreements	1105	(5)
Letters Signed by the U.S. and Soviet Representatives	1110	(19)
Correspondences Related to the Treaty	1129	(6)
Joint Statements Exchanged at the Final Plenary on July 29, 1991	1135	(2)
Other Statements	1137	(6)
Declarations	1143	(2)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1145	(2)
Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (Start II)	1147	(6)
Protocol on Procedures Governing Elimination of Heavy ICBMs and on Procedures Governing Conversion of Silo Launchers of Heavy ICBMs Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1153	(4)
Protocol on Exhibitions and Inspections of Heavy Bombers Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1157	(2)
Memorandum of Understanding on Warhead Attribution and Heavy Bomber Data Relating to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms	1159	(6)
Protocol to the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms of January 3, 1993	1165	(1)
Joint Agreed Statement	1166	(1)
Primakov Letter on Early Deactivation	1166	(1)
Albright Letter on Early Deactivation	1167	(1)
The Chemical Weapons Convention	1168	(100)
Summary and Analysis	1168	(2)
The Chemical Weapons Convention	1170	(98)
The Agreed Framework	1268	(4)
Summary and Analysis	1268	(2)
Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea	1270	(2)
Confidence and Security Measures Documents	1272	(103)
Summary and Analysis	1272	(1)
Document of the Stockholm Conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures and Disarmament in Europe Convened in Accordance with the Relevant Provisions of the Concluding Document of the Madrid Meeting of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe	1273	(13)
Vienna Document 1990 of the Negotiations on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures Convened in Accordance with the Relevant Provisions of the Concluding Document of the Vienna Meeting of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe	1286	(20)
Vienna Document 1994 of the Negotiations on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures	1306	(34)
Vienna Document 1999 of the Negotiations on Confidence and Security Building Measures	1340	(35)
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty	1375	(66)
Summary and Analysis	1375	(5)
The Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty	1380	(24)
Protocol to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty	1404	(28)
CTBT Resolution Adopted by the United Nations General Assembly	1432	(1)
Resolution Establishing the Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization Adopted by the States Signatories	1432	(9)
The Ottawa Convention on Landmines	1441	(12)
Summary and Analysis	1441	(2)
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction	1443	(10)
Treaty on Strategic Offensive Reductions	1453	(7)
Summary and Analysis	1453	(1)
Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty	1454	(1)
Joint Declaration New Strategic Relationship between the United States and Russia	1455	(5)
Conclusions	1460	(6)
Appendix	1466