Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis

by Charteris-Black, Jonathan

• ISBN13: 9781403932921
• ISBN10: 1403932921
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-05-14
• Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan

Summary

In a stimulating and novel approach, this book explains why metaphors are persuasive, suggesting that they are ideologically effective because they are cognitively plausible and evoke an emotional response. "Critical Metaphor Analysis" is then developed in a series of corpus-based studies in which analysis of collocations provides insight into the cognitive motivation and expressive connotation of metaphor. By unifying traditional and cognitive semantic with pragmatic approaches, the reader becomes aware of the importance of metaphor in persuasive language.

Author Biography

Jonathan Charteris-Black is a Senior Lecturer in Applied Linguistics at the University of Surrey.

Table of Contents

List of figures	ix
List of tables	x
Preface	xii
Acknowledgements	xiv
Style conventions	xv
Introduction	1	(4)
Part I Metaphor Background and Theory	5	(40)
1 Metaphor and Thought	7	(18)
1.1 Metaphor, ideology and thought	7	(3)
1.2 Metaphor and pragmatics	10	(3)
1.3 Cognitive semantics and conceptual metaphor	13	(4)
1.4 Conventional and creative metaphor	17	(2)
1.5 Defining metaphor	19	(3)
1.6 Metaphor and theory construction	22	(1)
1.7 Summary	23	(2)
2 Critical Approaches to Metaphor	25	(20)
2.1 Introduction	25	(3)
2.2 Critical Discourse Analysis	28	(2)
2.3 Corpus linguistics	30	(4)
2.4 A critical approach to researching metaphors	34	(7)
2.4.1 Metaphor identification	35	(2)
2.4.2 Metaphor interpretation	37	(2)
2.4.3 Metaphor explanation	39	(2)
2.5 Summary	41	(4)
Part II Metaphor in Political Discourse	45	(66)
3 The Metaphors of New Labour	47	(18)
3.1 Introduction	47	(1)
3.2 Metaphor and Europe	48	(4)
3.3 Metaphor in New Labour manifestos	52	(6)
3.3.1 Introduction	52	(2)
3.3.2 Analysis of the 1997 New Labour manifesto	54	(4)
3.4 Metaphor in New Labour speeches	58	(5)
3.5 Summary	63	(2)
4 Metaphor in British Party Political Manifestos	65	(22)
4.1 Introduction	65	(2)
4.2 Researching political manifestos	67	(1)
4.3 Metaphor in Labour and Conservative manifestos	68	(11)
4.3.1 Overview	68	(1)
4.3.2 Conflict metaphors	69	(1)
4.3.3 Building metaphors	70	(4)
4.3.4 Journey metaphors	74	(3)
4.3.5 Plant metaphors	77	(2)
4.3.6 Religious metaphors	79	(1)
4.4 Diachronic metaphor shifts	79	(5)
4.5 Summary	84	(3)
5 Metaphor in American Presidential Speeches	87	(24)
5.1 Introduction	87	(1)
5.2 Researching American political discourse	88	(1)
5.3 Metaphor in the US Inaugural Corpus	89	(2)
5.4 Conflict metaphors	91	(2)
5.5 Journey metaphors	93	(2)
5.6 Building metaphors	95	(5)
5.7 Light and fire metaphors	100	(2)
5.8 Physical environment metaphors	102	(1)
5.9 Religious metaphors	103	(2)
5.10 Body part metaphors	105	(1)
5.11 Comparison of British Manifesto and US Inaugural Corpora	105	(4)
5.12 Summary	109	(2)
Part III Metaphor in Press Reporting	111	(60)
6 Metaphor in Sports Reporting	113	(22)
6.1 Introduction	113	(1)
6.2 Sports metaphors in war reporting	114	(2)
6.3 Researching sports metaphors in the British press	116	(5)
6.4 Qualitative analysis of metaphors of conflict in press sports reporting	121	(11)
6.4.1 Metaphors of war	122	(4)
6.4.2 Analysis of metaphors of survival in press sports reporting	126	(6)
6.5 Summary	132	(3)
7 Metaphor in Financial Reporting	135	(36)
7.1 Introduction	135	(1)
7.2 The evolution of biological and mechanistic metaphor in economics	136	(2)
7.3 Researching financial reporting	138	(2)
7.4 Overview of findings	140	(27)
7.4.1 The economy is human	140	(2)
7.4.1.1 Market trading is physical conflict	142	(4)
7.4.1.2 Market trading is a state of mental health	146	(3)
7.4.1.3 The state of market trading is a state of physical health	149	(2)
7.4.2 Economic problems are natural disasters	151	(1)
7.4.2.1 Downward market changes are disasters	152	(2)
7.4.2.2 A very bad market is a nuclear disaster	154	(1)
7.4.2.3 A bad market is an earthquake	155	(1)
7.4.2.4 The behaviour of the market is the behaviour of gas	156	(2)
7.4.3 Market changes are physical movements	158	(1)
7.4.3.1 Market changes are ways of moving on the ground	159	(3)
7.4.3.2 Market changes are ways of moving in the water or nautical conditions	162	(3)
7.4.3.3 Market changes are ways of moving in air	165	(2)
7.5 Summary	167	(4)
Part IV Metaphor in Religious Discourse	171	(70)
8 Metaphor in the Bible	173	(29)
8.1 Introduction: metaphor and religion	173	(4)
8.2 Researching metaphor in the Bible	177	(4)
8.3 Biblical metaphors	181	(19)
8.3.1 Overview	181	(1)
8.3.2 Animal metaphors in the Old and New Testaments	182	(3)
8.3.3 Light metaphors in the Old and New Testaments	185	(5)
8.3.4 Plant metaphors in the Old and New Testaments	190	(5)
8.3.4.1 Evaluation of plant metaphors	195	(4)
8.3.5 Food and drink metaphors in the Old and New Testaments	199	(1)
8.4 Summary	200	(2)
9 Metaphor in the Old Testament	202	(16)
9.1 Introduction	202	(1)
9.2 Building metaphors in the Old Testament	202	(2)
9.3 Journey metaphors in the Old Testament	204	(3)
9.4 Conflict metaphors in the Old Testament	207	(2)
9.5 Weather metaphors in the Old Testament	209	(5)
9.6 Fire metaphors in the Old Testament	214	(3)
9.7 Summary	217	(1)
10 Metaphor in the Koran	218	(23)
10.1 Introduction: socio-cultural context of the Koran	218	(2)
10.2 Researching metaphor in the Koran	220	(1)
10.3 Overview of findings	220	(2)
10.4 Productive sources of metaphor in the Koran	222	(12)
10.4.1 Journey metaphors in the Koran	224	(4)
10.4.2 Weather metaphors in the Koran	228	(2)
10.4.3 Light and fire metaphors in the Koran	230	(3)
10.4.4 Plant metaphors in the Koran	233	(1)
10.5 Unproductive metaphor source domains in the Koran	234	(4)
10.5.1 Food and drink metaphors in the Koran	235	(2)
10.5.2 Animal metaphors in the Koran	237	(1)
10.6 Summary	238	(3)
Part V A Discourse Theory of Metaphor	241	(13)
11 Critical Metaphor Analysis	243	(11)
11.1 Introduction	243	(1)
11.2 Cognitive semantics and Critical Metaphor Analysis	243	(6)
11.3 Metaphor and subliminal meaning	249	(2)
11.4 Critical Metaphor Analysis and personal empowerment	251	(3)
Bibliography	254	(5)
Index	259	(3)
Index of Conceptual Metaphors and Conceptual Keys	262