Counseling And Psychotherapy

by Capuzzi, David; Gross, Douglas R.

• ISBN13: 9780131987371
• ISBN10: 0131987372
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

Edited by two prominent counseling professionals, the fourth edition of this popular book examines theories of counseling and psychotherapy through the eyes of 20 experts in the field. Timely information and professional perspective makes each chapter relevant, as an expert discusses the theory and its application in the clinical setting. A consistent case study seamlessly ties together each chapter, reinforcing how theories help organize data and provide guidelines for helping professionals. This edition features a new chapter on diversity, a new chapter on transpersonal theory and social justice, more on feminist theory, and more on integrative approaches to counseling and psychotherapy.

Table of Contents

PART I FOUNDATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY	1	(68)
Helping Relationships: From Core Dimensions to Brief Approaches	3	(23)
Douglas R. Gross
David Capuzzi
Helping Relationships: Definitions and Descriptions	4	(1)
Helping Relationships: Stages	5	(2)
Helping Relationships: Core Conditions	7	(3)
Empathic Understanding	7	(1)
Respect and Positive Regard	8	(1)
Genuineness and Congruence	8	(1)
Concreteness	9	(1)
Warmth	9	(1)
Immediacy	10	(1)
Helping Relationships: Strategies	10	(6)
Strategies That Build Rapport and Encourage Client Dialogue	11	(2)
Strategies That Aid in Data Gathering	13	(1)
Strategies That Add Depth and Enhance the Relationship	14	(2)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	16	(3)
Brief Approaches	19	(6)
Overview	19	(1)
Brief Problem-Focused Therapy	20	(1)
Brief Solution-Focused Therapy	21	(2)
Solution-Oriented and Possibility Therapy	23	(2)
Conclusions	25	(1)
Achieving a Personal and Professional Identity	26	(21)
David Capuzzi
Douglas R. Gross
Importance of Health and Wellness	27	(6)
Personal Characteristics Models	28	(1)
Psychological Health Models	29	(2)
Multidimensional Health and Wellness Models	31	(2)
Values and Cultural Bias in Theory and Practice	33	(5)
Values in Theory and Practice	34	(1)
Cultural Bias in Theory and Practice	35	(3)
Daily World of the Practitioner	38	(2)
Achieving Perspective and Balance	40	(3)
Know the Warning Signs for Burnout	40	(1)
Consider Networking Options	40	(1)
Refer Clients When Appropriate	40	(1)
Disengage from the Professional Role	41	(1)
Cultivate Strengths and Develop Stamina	41	(2)
Consider Possible Options for Renewal	43	(1)
Importance of a Personal Theory	43	(2)
Conclusions	45	(2)
Diversity and Social Justice Issues in Counseling and Psychotherapy	47	(22)
Deborah J. Rubel
Manivong Ratts
Background	48	(2)
Definitions	48	(1)
Diversity in Today's Society	49	(1)
Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Perspectives	50	(2)
Multicultural Counseling	50	(1)
Social Justice Counseling	51	(1)
Key Concepts of Counseling With Diverse Clients	52	(6)
Understanding Diverse Clients Through the Oppression Model	53	(1)
Understanding Diverse Clients Through Social Identity Development	54	(2)
Understanding Diverse Clients Through Worldview	56	(2)
Diversity and the Counseling Process	58	(7)
The Counseling Relationship	58	(1)
Counseling Goals	59	(1)
Appropriate Counseling Interventions With Diverse Clients	60	(5)
Becoming a Diversity-Competent Counselor	65	(1)
Gaining Self-Awareness	65	(1)
Gaining Additional Knowledge and Skills	66	(1)
Conclusions	66	(3)
PART II THEORIES OF COUNSELING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY	69	(290)
The Case of Jonathan	71	(3)
Psychoanalytic Theory	74	(24)
Gregory J. Novie
Background	75	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	77	(7)
The Freudian Unconscious	77	(2)
Freud's Developmental Theory	79	(3)
Post-Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory	82	(2)
Major Constructs and Processes of Change	84	(2)
Applications	86	(3)
Overview	86	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	86	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	87	(1)
Brief Intervention Strategies	88	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	89	(2)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	91	(1)
Evaluation	92	(2)
Overview	92	(1)
Supporting Research	92	(1)
Limitations	93	(1)
Summary Chart---Psychoanalytic Theory	94	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Psychoanalytic Approach	95	(3)
Jungian Analytical Theory	98	(25)
Susan E. Schwartz
Background	98	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	100	(4)
Ego	101	(1)
Persona	101	(1)
Shadow	101	(1)
Anima	102	(1)
Animus	103	(1)
Self	103	(1)
Major Constructs	104	(5)
Psychological Type	104	(1)
Complex	105	(1)
Archetype	106	(1)
Symbol	107	(1)
Personal Unconscious	108	(1)
Collective Unconscious	108	(1)
Applications	109	(4)
Overview	109	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	109	(1)
Process of Change	109	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	110	(3)
Brief Intervention Strategies	113	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	113	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	114	(1)
Evaluation	114	(2)
Overview	114	(1)
Supporting Research	115	(1)
Limitations	115	(1)
Summary Chart---Jungian Analytical Theory	116	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: An Analytical Approach	117	(6)
Adlerian Theory	123	(41)
Alan P. Milliren
Timothy D. Evans
John F. Newbauer
Background	124	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	126	(6)
Early Development	127	(1)
Birth Order and Family Constellation	128	(3)
Early Recollections	131	(1)
Major Constructs	132	(10)
Development of Concept of Belonging and Fundamental Human Striving	134	(2)
Social Interest	136	(4)
Emotions and Feelings	140	(2)
Applications	142	(10)
Overview	142	(3)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	145	(1)
Process of Change	145	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	146	(4)
Brief Intervention Strategies	150	(2)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	152	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	153	(1)
Evaluation	154	(4)
Overview	154	(1)
Supporting Research	155	(2)
Limitations	157	(1)
Summary Chart---Adlerian Theory	158	(2)
The Case of Jonathan: An Adlerian Approach	160	(4)
Existential Theory	164	(25)
Mary Lou Bryant Frank
Background	165	(3)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	168	(2)
A Focus on Potentials	168	(2)
A Worldview	170	(1)
Major Constructs	170	(4)
Approaches to Existentialism	170	(1)
Death	171	(1)
Freedom	171	(1)
Isolation	172	(1)
Culture	172	(1)
Meaninglessness and Meaningfulness	172	(1)
Authenticity and Vulnerability: Two Sides of the Existential Self	173	(1)
Existential Relationships	173	(1)
Hazards on the Journey	174	(1)
Applications	174	(5)
Overview	174	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	175	(1)
Process of Change	175	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	176	(3)
Brief Intervention Strategies	179	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	179	(3)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	182	(1)
Evaluation	182	(3)
Overview	182	(1)
Supporting Research	182	(2)
Limitations	184	(1)
Summary Chart---Existential Theory	185	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: An Existential Approach	186	(3)
Person-Centered Theory	189	(27)
Richard J. Hazler
Background	190	(3)
Carl R. Rogers	190	(1)
Theory Background	191	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	193	(3)
Trustworthiness of People	193	(1)
Movement Toward Actualization	193	(1)
Inner Resources	194	(1)
Individually Perceived World	194	(1)
Interaction with External Factors	195	(1)
Major Constructs	196	(3)
No Two People See the World Exactly Alike	196	(1)
Empathic Understanding Is Critical	196	(1)
People Make Simple Mistakes in Judgment	197	(1)
Confidence in the Client Is Paramount	197	(1)
Perceived World of the Client May Not Approximate the World Sought	198	(1)
Congruent Individuals Trust Their Worldview	198	(1)
Applications	199	(8)
Overview	199	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	199	(1)
Process of Change	199	(2)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	201	(4)
Brief Intervention Strategies	205	(2)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	207	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	207	(1)
Evaluation	208	(3)
Overview	208	(1)
Supporting Research	209	(1)
Limitations	210	(1)
Summary Chart---Person-Centered Theory	211	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Person-Centered Approach	212	(4)
Gestalt Theory	216	(27)
Melinda Haley
Background	217	(2)
Frederick (Fritz) Perls	217	(1)
Laura Perls	218	(1)
Paul Goodman	218	(1)
Phenomenology, Existentialism, Field Theory, and Dialogue	218	(1)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	219	(1)
Major Constructs	220	(4)
Field Theory: Organism and Environment	220	(2)
Awareness	222	(1)
Responsibility	222	(1)
Shoulds	223	(1)
I-Thou, What and How, Here and Now	223	(1)
Applications	224	(9)
Overview	224	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	224	(1)
Process of Change	225	(2)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	227	(5)
Brief Intervention Strategies	232	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	233	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	234	(1)
Evaluation	235	(4)
Overview	235	(2)
Supporting Research	237	(1)
Limitations	237	(2)
Summary Chart---Gestalt Theory	239	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Gestalt Approach	240	(3)
Cognitive-Behavior Theories	243	(23)
Cynthia R. Kalodner
Background	244	(2)
Watson and the Beginnings of Behavior Theory	244	(1)
Skinner and Operant Conditioning	244	(1)
Wolpe and Systematic Desensitization	245	(1)
A Brief History of Cognitive Therapy	245	(1)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	246	(1)
Major Constructs	246	(3)
Importance of Cognitions	247	(1)
Importance of Learning	248	(1)
Importance of Operational Definitions and Functional Analysis	248	(1)
Importance of Therapeutic Empathy	248	(1)
Applications	249	(7)
Overview	249	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	249	(2)
Process of Change	251	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	252	(3)
Brief Intervention Strategies	255	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	256	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	257	(1)
Evaluation	258	(2)
Overview	258	(1)
Supporting Research	258	(1)
Limitations	259	(1)
Summary Chart---Cognitive-Behavior Theory	260	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Cognitive-Behavior Approach	261	(5)
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy	266	(23)
Ann Vernon
Background	266	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	268	(1)
Major Constructs	269	(3)
Basic Tenets	269	(2)
Theoretical Assumptions	271	(1)
Applications	272	(10)
Overview	272	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	272	(1)
Process of Change	273	(5)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	278	(3)
Brief Intervention Strategies	281	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	282	(2)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	284	(1)
Evaluation	284	(2)
Overview	284	(1)
Supporting Research	284	(1)
Limitations	285	(1)
Summary Chart---Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy	286	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Approach	287	(2)
Reality Therapy Theory	289	(24)
Robert E. Wubbolding
Background	289	(1)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	290	(2)
Major Constructs	292	(1)
Applications	293	(13)
Overview	293	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	293	(1)
Process of Change	294	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	295	(1)
Brief Intervention Strategies	295	(11)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	306	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	306	(1)
Evaluation	306	(2)
Overview	306	(1)
Supporting Research	307	(1)
Limitations	307	(1)
Summary Chart---Reality Therapy Theory	308	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Reality Therapy Approach	309	(4)
Family Theory	313	(25)
Valerie E. Appleton
Cass Dykeman
Background	314	(1)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	315	(3)
Family Life Cycle	315	(1)
Family Life Spiral	316	(1)
Family Genogram	317	(1)
Major Constructs	318	(5)
Theoretical Antecedents	318	(1)
Conjoint Theory	319	(1)
Strategic Theory	320	(1)
Structural Theory	321	(1)
Transgenerational Theory	322	(1)
Narrative Theory	322	(1)
Applications	323	(5)
Overview	323	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	323	(2)
Process of Change	325	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	326	(2)
Brief Intervention Strategies	328	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	328	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	328	(1)
Evaluation	329	(2)
Overview	329	(1)
Supporting Research	329	(1)
Limitations	330	(1)
Summary Chart---Family Theory	331	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Family Theory Approach	332	(6)
Feminist Theory	338	(21)
Barbara Herlihy
Vivian McCollum
Background	338	(3)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	341	(3)
Mother-Child Relationship	342	(1)
A Different Voice	342	(1)
Toward a New Psychology of Women	343	(1)
Self-in-Relation	343	(1)
Gender Schema	343	(1)
Engendered Lives	344	(1)
Conclusions	344	(1)
Major Constructs	344	(2)
Applications	346	(5)
Overview	346	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	347	(1)
Process of Change	348	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	348	(2)
Brief Intervention Strategies	350	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	351	(2)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	353	(1)
Evaluation	354	(2)
Overview	354	(1)
Supporting Research	354	(1)
Limitations	355	(1)
Summary Chart---Feminist Theory	356	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Feminist Approach	357	(2)
PART III NONTRADITIONAL APPROACHES	359	(48)
Body-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy	360	(30)
Donna M. Roy
Background	361	(5)
Roots of Somatic Counseling and Psychotherapy	361	(2)
Evolution of Somatic Counseling and Psychotherapy	363	(1)
Gentler Forms of Body-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy	363	(1)
Hakomi Body-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy	364	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	366	(3)
Major Constructs	369	(4)
Organization of Experience	369	(1)
Principles	370	(2)
Healing Relationship	372	(1)
Applications	373	(9)
Overview	373	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	373	(1)
Process of Change	374	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	374	(7)
Brief Intervention Strategies	381	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	382	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	383	(1)
Evaluation	383	(2)
Overview	383	(1)
Supporting Research	384	(1)
Limitations	384	(1)
Summary Chart---Hakomi Body-Centered Psychotherapy	385	(2)
The Case of Jonathan: A Hakomi Approach	387	(3)
Transpersonal Theories	390	(17)
Jonathan W. Carrier
Nathanael G. Mitchell
Background	391	(1)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	391	(2)
Major Constructs	393	(1)
Applications	394	(5)
Overview	394	(1)
Process of Change	395	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	396	(2)
Brief Intervention Strategies	398	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	399	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	400	(1)
Evaluation	400	(2)
Overview	400	(1)
Supporting Research	400	(1)
Limitations	401	(1)
Summary Chart---Transpersonal Theories	402	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: A Transpersonal Approach	403	(4)
PART IV INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES	407	(24)
Integrative Approaches: Expressive Arts, Narrative, and Symbolism	408	(23)
Walter Breaux III
Background	409	(3)
Expressive Arts Approaches	409	(1)
Narrative Approaches	409	(1)
Symbolic Approaches	410	(1)
Theory Integration	410	(2)
Human Nature: A Developmental Perspective	412	(5)
Expressive Arts	412	(2)
Narrative Approaches	414	(2)
Symbolic Approaches	416	(1)
Major Constructs	417	(3)
Expressive Arts	417	(2)
Narrative Approaches	419	(1)
Symbolic Approaches	419	(1)
Applications	420	(6)
Overview	420	(1)
Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy	420	(1)
Process of Change	421	(1)
Traditional Intervention Strategies	421	(4)
Brief Intervention Strategies	425	(1)
Clients with Serious Mental Health Issues	426	(1)
Cross-Cultural Considerations	426	(1)
Evaluation	427	(1)
Overview	427	(1)
Supporting Research	427	(1)
Limitations	428	(1)
Summary Chart---Integrative Approaches	428	(1)
The Case of Jonathan: An Integrative Approach	429	(2)
References	431	(35)
Name Index	466	(6)
Subject Index	472