CQ's State Fact Finder 2006

by Hovey, Kendra A.; Hovey, Harold A.

• ISBN13: 9780872892910
• ISBN10: 0872892913
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-02-22
• Publisher: Cq Pr

Summary

Youth Justice in America combines thoughtful commentary with selections from actual federal and state constitutional criminal law cases to explore issues of juveniles and justice. The book addresses tough, important issues that are part of many high school curriculums and directly affect today's young people, including: - How should we balance liberty with the need for an ordered society? - How do we enforce order while maintaining constitutional rights? - Should we treat juveniles differently than adult offenders? Focusing on cases that relate to the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, the subject matter comes alive through a unique blend of content, including: - Selections from key cases that affect students: - Easy-to-read definitions of important terms and concepts; - Sidebar features; - Engaging photos; - Individual and class exercises; - Age-appropriate sources for further reading.

Table of Contents

Population
Population and Percentage Distribution, 2005	18	(1)
Population and Percentage Distribution, 2004	19	(1)
Percentage Change in Population, 2003--2004	20	(1)
Percentage Change in Population, 1994--2004	21	(1)
Projected Population, 2015, and Population Change, 2004--2015	22	(1)
Projected Population for the Year 2025	23	(1)
Population Age 65 and Over and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	24	(1)
Population Age 17 and Under and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	25	(1)
Median Age, 2004	26	(1)
African American Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	27	(1)
American Indian Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	28	(1)
Asian American Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	29	(1)
Hispanic Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	30	(1)
White (Non-Hispanic) Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	31	(1)
Mixed-Race Population and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	32	(1)
Population in Poverty, 2004	33	(1)
Number and Rate of Children in Poverty, 2004	34	(1)
Female and Male Populations, 2004	35	(1)
Birth Rates, 2003	36	(1)
Death Rates (age-adjusted), 2003	37	(1)
Population Density, 2004	38	(1)
Legal Immigrants Admitted, FY 2004	39	(1)
Unauthorized Immigrant Population, 2000	40	(4)
Economies
Personal Income, 2004	44	(1)
Gross State Product, Total and Per Capita, 2004	45	(1)
Per Capita Personal Income, 2004	46	(1)
Personal Income from Wages and Salaries, 2004	47	(1)
Average Annual Pay, 2004	48	(1)
Average Hourly Earnings, 2005	49	(1)
Value Added in Manufacturing, 2003	50	(1)
Cost of Living, 2005	51	(1)
Average Annual Pay in Manufacturing, 2004	52	(1)
Average Annual Pay in Retailing, 2004	53	(1)
Labor Force, 2005	54	(1)
Unemployed and Unemployment Rate, 2005	55	(1)
Employment and Employment Rate, 2005	56	(1)
Government Employment, 2005	57	(1)
Manufacturing Employment, 2005	58	(1)
Fortune 500 Companies, 2005	59	(1)
Forbes 500 Companies, 2003	60	(1)
Tourism Spending, 2003	61	(1)
Exports, 2005	62	(1)
Housing Permits, 2004	63	(1)
Percentage Change in Home Prices, 2000--2005	64	(1)
Net Farm Income, 2004	65	(1)
Financial Institution Assets, 2004	66	(1)
Bankruptcy Filings by Individuals and Businesses, 2005	67	(1)
Patents Issued, FY 2004	68	(1)
Workers' Compensation Temporary Disability Payments, 2005	69	(1)
Average Unemployment Compensation Benefit, 2005	70	(1)
Index of State Economic Momentum, September 2005	71	(1)
Employment Change, 2004--2005	72	(1)
Manufacturing Employment Change, 2004--2005	73	(1)
Home Ownership, 2004	74	(1)
Annual Electricity Use Per Residential Customer, 2003	75	(1)
Average Cost Per Kilowatt Hour, 2003	76	(1)
New Companies, 2004	77	(7)
Geography
Total Land Area, 2000	84	(1)
Land Owned by Federal Government, 2004	85	(1)
State Park Acreage, FY 2005	86	(1)
State Park Visitors, FY 2005	87	(1)
Percentage of Population Not Physically Active, 2004	88	(1)
Hunters with Firearms, 2003	89	(1)
Registered Boats, 2004	90	(1)
State Spending on State Arts Agencies, FY 2005	91	(1)
Energy Consumption, Total and Per Capita, 2001	92	(1)
Toxic Chemical Release, 2003	93	(1)
Hazardous Waste Sites, 2005	94	(1)
Drinking Water Quality, FY 2004	95	(1)
Expired Surface Water Pollution Discharge Permits, 2005	96	(1)
Air Pollution Emissions, 2001	97	(5)
Government
Members of the United States House, 2006	102	(1)
Members of State Legislatures, 2006	103	(1)
State Legislators Per Million Population, 2006	104	(1)
Units of Government, 2002	105	(1)
State Legislator Compensation, 2005	106	(1)
Percentage of Legislators Who Are Female, 2006	107	(1)
Turnover in Legislatures, 2005	108	(1)
Term Limits (in years), 2006	109	(1)
Legislative Session Length, 2006	110	(1)
Party Control of State Legislatures, 2006	111	(1)
Governors' Institutional Power Rating, 2006	112	(1)
Number of Statewide Elected Officials, 2004	113	(1)
State and Local Government Employees, 2004	114	(1)
Average Salaries of State and Local Government Employees, 2004	115	(1)
Local Employment, 2004	116	(1)
Local Spending Accountability, FY 2002	117	(1)
Percentage of Eligible Voters Registered, November 2004	118	(1)
Percentage of Population Voting, November 2004	119	(1)
Statewide Initiatives, 2005	120	(1)
Campaign Costs Per Vote in Most Recent Gubernatorial Election, 2001, 2002, 2003, or 2004	121	(5)
Federal Impacts
Federal Spending, Total and Per Capita, FY 2004	126	(1)
Increase in Total Federal Spending, FY 1999--2004	127	(1)
Federal Spending on Grants, Total and Per Capita, FY 2004	128	(1)
Federal Spending on Procurement, Total and Per Capita, FY 2004	129	(1)
Federal Spending on Payments to Individuals, FY 2004	130	(1)
Federal Spending on Social Security and Medicare, FY 2004	131	(1)
Social Security Benefits Paid, FY 2004	132	(1)
Federal Spending on Employee Wages and Salaries, FY 2004	133	(1)
Federal Spending on Defense, FY 2004	134	(1)
Homeland Security Grants, Total and Per Capita, FY 2005	135	(1)
Federal Grant Spending Per Dollar of State Tax Revenue, FY 2002	136	(1)
State and Local General Revenue from Federal Government, FY 2002	137	(1)
Federal Tax Burden, Total and Per Capita, FY 2003	138	(1)
Federal Spending Per Dollar of Taxes Paid, FY 2003	139	(1)
Highway Charges Returned to States, FY 2004	140	(1)
Terms of Trade with the Federal Government, FY 2004	141	(1)
Federal Personal Income Taxes, 2003	142	(1)
Federal Share of Medicaid, FY 2006--2007	143	(5)
Taxes
State and Local Tax Revenue, Total and as a Percentage of Personal Income, FY 2002	148	(1)
Per Capita State and Local Tax Revenue, FY 2002	149	(1)
State and Local Tax Effort, FY 1999	150	(1)
State and Local Tax Capacity, FY 1999	151	(1)
Change in State and Local Taxes, FY 1997--2002	152	(1)
Property Taxes, Total and as a Percentage of Personal Income, FY 2002	153	(1)
Property Taxes Per Capita, FY 2002	154	(1)
Property Tax Revenue as a Percentage of Three-Tax Revenue, FY 2002	155	(1)
Sales Taxes, Total and as a Percentage of Personal Income, FY 2002	156	(1)
Sales Taxes Per Capita, FY 2002	157	(1)
Sales Tax Revenue as a Percentage of Three-Tax Revenue, FY 2002	158	(1)
Sales Tax Rates and Reach, 2006	159	(1)
Individual Income Taxes, Total and as a Percentage of Personal Income, FY 2002	160	(1)
Individual Income Taxes Per Capita, FY 2002	161	(1)
Individual Income Tax Revenue as a Percentage of Three-Tax Revenue, FY 2002	162	(1)
Highest Personal Income Tax Rate, 2005	163	(1)
Corporate Income Taxes, Total and Per Capita, FY 2002	164	(1)
Motor Fuel Taxes	165	(1)
Motor Vehicle Fees and Taxes, 2005	166	(1)
Tobacco Taxes	167	(1)
State and Local Taxes on High-Income Families, 2004	168	(1)
State and Local Taxes in the Largest City in Each State, 2004	169	(1)
Progressivity of Major State and Local Taxes, 2004	170	(1)
State Estate Taxes, 2005	171	(1)
State Taxes on Retirement Income, 2003	172	(6)
Revenues and Finances
State and Local Total Revenue, FY 2002	178	(1)
State and Local General Revenue, FY 2002	179	(1)
State and Local ``Own-Source'' General Revenue, FY 2002	180	(1)
State and Local Non-Tax ``Own-Source'' Revenue, FY 2002	181	(1)
State and Local Total Expenditures, FY 2002	182	(1)
State and Local General Expenditures, FY 2002	183	(1)
State and Local General Expenditures Per Capita, FY 2002	184	(1)
Percentage Change in State and Local Expenditures, FY 1997--2002	185	(1)
State Government General Revenue, FY 2003	186	(1)
State Government General Spending, FY 2003	187	(1)
State Government General Fund Spending, FY 2003	188	(1)
State and Local Debt, FY 2002	189	(1)
State and Local Debt Related to Revenue, FY 2002	190	(1)
State and Local Full Faith and Credit Debt, FY 2002	191	(1)
State Government Bond Ratings, 2005	192	(1)
State Solvency Index, 2003	193	(1)
Assets of State-Administered Pension Plans, FY 2004	194	(1)
State Reserves at the End of FY 2005	195	(1)
State and Local Capital Outlays and Interest, FY 2002	196	(1)
Index of State Budget Process Quality, 2002	197	(1)
Relative State Spending ``Needs,'' FY 1999	198	(1)
Structural Deficits	199	(5)
Education
Average Proficiency in Math, Eighth Grade, 2005	204	(1)
Average Proficiency in Reading, Eighth Grade, 2005	205	(1)
Armed Forces Qualification Test Ranks, FY 2003	206	(1)
SAT Scores, 2005	207	(1)
ACT Scores, 2005	208	(1)
Percentage of Population over 25 with a High School Diploma, 2004	209	(1)
Students in Private Schools, 2001--2002	210	(1)
High School Graduation Rates, 2001	211	(1)
Pupil-Teacher Ratio, 2004--2005	212	(1)
Public School Enrollment, 2004--2005	213	(1)
Public Library Holdings Per Capita, FY 2002	214	(1)
Children with Disabilities, 2004	215	(1)
State and Local Education Spending, FY 2002	216	(1)
State and Local Education Spending as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	217	(1)
Spending Per Pupil, 2004--2005	218	(1)
Average Teacher Salary, 2004--2005	219	(1)
Sources of School Funds, 2004--2005	220	(1)
State Aid Per Pupil in Average Daily Attendance, 2004--2005	221	(1)
State and Local Spending for Higher Education (Census Definition), FY 2002	222	(1)
State and Local Spending for Higher Education as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	223	(1)
Public Higher Education Enrollment, 2003	224	(1)
Per Pupil State Support of Higher Education, FY 2005	225	(1)
Average In-State Tuition and Fees at Public Universities, 2004--2005	226	(1)
Average Out-of-State Tuition and Fees at Public Universities, 2004--2005	227	(1)
Percentage Change in Tuition and Fees at Public Universities, 2004--2005	228	(1)
Higher Education Affordability Index, 2004	229	(1)
Average Salary of Associate Professors at ``Flagship'' State Universities, 2004--2005	230	(1)
State and Local Education Employees, 2004	231	(1)
Federal Research and Development Spending, FY 2003	232	(1)
Total Library Operating Expenditures, FY 2002	233	(1)
Head Start Enrollment and Funding, 2004	234	(6)
Health
Immunization Rates, 2004	240	(1)
Infant Mortality Rates, 2005	241	(1)
State Health Rankings, 2005	242	(1)
Percentage of Non-Elderly Population without Health Insurance, 2004	243	(1)
Abortions, 2002	244	(1)
Alcohol Consumption Per Capita, 2003	245	(1)
Percentage of Adult Smokers, 2004	246	(1)
Percentage of Population Obese, 2004	247	(1)
AIDS Cases, 2004	248	(1)
Physicians Per 100,000 Population, 2005	249	(1)
Hospital Beds Per 1,000 Population, 2004	250	(1)
Medicaid Recipients, Mid-Year 2004	251	(1)
Medicaid Recipients as a Percentage of Poverty Population, Mid-Year 2004	252	(1)
State and Local Spending for Health and Hospitals, FY 2002	253	(1)
State and Local Health and Hospital Spending as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	254	(1)
Per Capita Medicaid Spending, FY 2004	255	(1)
Average Medicaid Spending Per Aged Recipient, FY 2001	256	(1)
Average Medicaid Spending Per Child, FY 2001	257	(1)
Medicare Payment Per Hospital Day, FY 2003	258	(1)
Hospital Expense Per Inpatient Day, 2004	259	(1)
Percentage of Population in Health Maintenance Organizations, 2005	260	(1)
Prescription Drugs as a Percentage of State Medicaid Costs, FY 2002	261	(1)
Percentage Change in Average Price and Sales of Retail Prescription Drugs, 2002--2003	262	(6)
Crime and Law Enforcement
Total Crime Rate, 2004	268	(1)
Violent Crime Rate, 2004	269	(1)
Murder and Rape Rates, 2004	270	(1)
Property Crime Rate, 2004	271	(1)
Motor Vehicle Theft Rate, 2004	272	(1)
Violent Crime Rate Change, 2000--2004	273	(1)
Prisoners, 2004	274	(1)
Change in Prisoners, 1995--2004	275	(1)
Incarceration Rate, 2004	276	(1)
Juvenile Violent Crime Index, 2003	277	(1)
State and Local Law Enforcement Employees, 2004	278	(1)
State and Local Corrections Employees, 2004	279	(1)
State Corrections Spending, FY 2003	280	(1)
Percentage Increase in State Corrections Spending, FY 2001--2003	281	(1)
State and Local Spending for Law Enforcement, FY 2002	282	(1)
State and Local Law Enforcement Spending as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	283	(5)
Transportation
Travel on Interstate Highways, 2004	288	(1)
Percentage of Interstate Mileage in ``Unacceptable'' Condition, 2004	289	(1)
Deficient Bridges, 2004	290	(1)
Traffic Deaths Per 100 Million Vehicle-Miles, 2004	291	(1)
Percentage of Drivers Using Seat Belts, 2005	292	(1)
Vehicle-Miles Traveled Per Capita, 2004	293	(1)
Percentage of Workers Using Public Transportation, 2004	294	(1)
Road and Street Miles, 2004	295	(1)
State and Local Highway Employees, 2004	296	(1)
State and Local Public Transit Employees, 2004	297	(1)
State and Local Spending for Highways, FY 2002	298	(1)
State and Local Highway Spending as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	299	(3)
Welfare
Percentage of Births to Unwed Mothers, 2003	302	(1)
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Recipients, Total and as a Percentage of Population, 2005	303	(1)
Change in TANF/AFDC Recipients, FY 1996--2005	304	(1)
Food Stamp Recipients, Total and as a Percentage of Population, FY 2005	305	(1)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Recipients, Total and as a Percentage of Population, 2004	306	(1)
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Recipients and Average Monthly Benefit, FY 2004	307	(1)
National School Lunch Program (NSLP) Participants, FY 2005	308	(1)
Condition of Children Index, 2005	309	(1)
Percentage of Families with Children Headed by a Single Parent, 2003	310	(1)
Average Monthly TANF Cash Assistance Per Family, FY 2004	311	(1)
Assistance and Earnings of Three-Person TANF Family as a Percentage of Poverty-Level Income, 2003	312	(1)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) State Supplements, 2004	313	(1)
State Income Tax Liability of Typical Family in Poverty, 2004	314	(1)
Child Support Collections, FY 2004	315	(1)
Child Support Collections Per Dollar of Administrative Costs, FY 2004	316	(1)
Children in Foster Care, FY 2003	317	(1)
State and Local Welfare Spending, FY 2002	318	(1)
State and Local Welfare Spending as a Percentage of General Spending, FY 2002	319	(1)
Average Monthly Administrative Costs Per TANF Case, FY 2004	320	(4)
Technology
Percentage of Households with Computers, 2003	324	(1)
Percentage of Households with Internet Access, 2003	325	(1)
Percentage of Zip Codes with Broadband Telecommunications Service, 2004	326	(1)
High-Tech Jobs, 2003	327	(1)
Percentage Change in High-Tech Employment, 2002--2003	328	(1)
State Government Web Site Ratings, 2005	329	(1)
Average Number of Online Services Available on State Government Web Sites, 2005	330	(1)
Students Per Computer, 2004	331	(1)
Students Per Internet-Connected Computer, 2004	332	(1)
Percentage of Public Libraries with Internet Access, FY 2002	333