Crafting Expository Argument : Practical Approaches to the Writing Process for Students and Teachers Fourth Edition

by Degen, Michael

• ISBN13: 9780966512588
• ISBN10: 0966512588
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-09-01
• Publisher: Telemachos Pub

Summary

Degen, a College Board consultant, begins with four principles to help students become better writers. His Foreword includes a ten-week lesson-planning sequence for grammar infusion.

Table of Contents

foreword To Teachers: Arguments and Lesson Plans
Definition of Expository Argument	9	(1)
Quick Overview: What This Book Is About	10	(1)
Four Key Teaching Concepts	10	(1)
Teaching Expository Argument	11	(1)
Teacher's Role	12	(3)
A Suggested Lesson Planning Sequence: Weaving Grammar Instruction into the Writing Process	15	(18)
chapter one Developing Writing Skills
Objectives	33	(1)
Writing to Show	34	(2)
Extending Elaboration	36	(2)
Sample Writing to Show Compositions: Student-Written Models	38	(4)
The Revision Process When Writing to Show	42	(1)
Writing to Show Assignments and Activities, Assignments 1-4	43	(4)
Writing to Show List of Telling Sentences	47	(1)
Other Writing to Show Assignments	47	(2)
Publishing Project: The Writing to Show Anthology	49	(2)
chapter two Expository Paragraph
Definitions	51	(1)
One-Idea and Subordinate Paragraphs: Qualities	52	(1)
The Writing Process: The Body Paragraph	53	(15)
Strategy One for Drafting Paragraph: Organize the Evidence	53	(5)
Strategy Two for Drafting Paragraph: Add Necessary Transitions	58	(2)
Exercise: Adding Appropriate Transitions	60	(1)
Strategy Three for Drafting Paragraph: Maintain Topic Focus	60	(1)
Exercise: Correcting Topic Shifts	61	(1)
Strategy Four for Drafting Paragraph: Use Word Glue and Logic Glue	61	(3)
Exercise: Working with Transitional Word & Logic Glue	63	(1)
Example Process 1 for Constructing a Paragraph (Essay Question)	64	(1)
Example Process 2 for Constructing a Paragraph (Thesis Statement)	65	(1)
Example Process 3 for Constructing a Paragraph (Essay Question)	66	(1)
Revision Process: Questions to Ask About Paragraphs	67	(1)
The Editing Symbols: Fixing the Paragraph Problems	68	(36)
A = Add a transitional phrase or sentence	68	(2)
B = Blending textual support	70	(4)
C = Combine sentences	74	(1)
E = Extend your elaboration of ideas	75	(4)
L = Listing plot details	79	(3)
O = Off topic	82	(4)
P = Paragraph needs revision	86	(3)
S = Summarizing plot	89	(1)
SH = Show concrete images	90	(1)
T = Transitions are weak	91	(3)
TS = Revise the topic sentence	94	(3)
TH = Thesis problems	97	(1)
V = Vague details	98	(2)
W = Wordy structures	100	(2)
[ ] = Vary your sentence beginnings	102	(1)
() = Vivid verb usage	102	(2)
Complete Expository Paragraphs: Student-Written Models	104	(7)
Expository Paragraph Assignments and Activities	111	(5)
Assignment # 1 Putting a Paragraph Together	111	(3)
Assignment #2 Revising for B (Blending Textual Support)	114	(1)
Assignment #3 Extend the Elaboration of an Idea E3, E4	114	(1)
Assignment #4 Revise for A1, A2 (Adding Transitions)	114	(1)
Assignment #5 Revising for O/O2 (Off topic) etc.	115	(1)
Assignment #6 Destroying a Paragraph	115	(1)
chapter three Constructing a Paper
Definitions	116	(1)
How Does the Writer Generate a Topic for a Thesis?	117	(1)
Once the Writer Has Chosen a Topic, How Does the Writer Discover a Thesis Statement?	118	(2)
How Does the Writer Formulate a Thesis Statement?	120	(1)
After Writing the Thesis Statement, What Next?	121	(1)
After Organizing Evidence, What Does the Writer Do? (Topic Sentences)	121	(2)
Check the Diction of the Topic Sentences	123	(1)
More Example Thesis Statements + Topic Sentences	124	(1)
A Final Word About Organization/Content	125	(1)
The Writing Process: The Introductory Paragraph (The Showing- Telling Introduction)	125	(5)
Sample Showing-Telling Introductions: Student-Written Models	126	(3)
Ask These Questions About the Introduction	129	(1)
The Writing Process: The Concluding Paragraph (The Non-Summary Conclusion)	130	(11)
Sample Concluding Paragraphs: Student-Written Models	130	(3)
Ask These Questions About the Conclusion	133	(1)
Sample Papers: Student-Written Models	133	(6)
Simon and The Tao	133	(3)
Macbeth, Banquo, and the Initial Revelation of Character	136	(3)
Constructing the Paper Assignments and Activities	139	(1)
Assignment #1 Writing Thesis Statements (TH)	139	(1)
Assignment #2 Writing Progress Chart	139	(2)
chapter four Grammar for Structure and Syntax
Philosophy of Grammar Instruction	141	(1)
Structures for Writing: Clauses and Phrases	142	(1)
Clauses: Two Categories	142	(1)
The Difference Between Independent and Subordinate Clauses	142	(1)
Subordinate Clauses	143	(1)
Adverb Subordinate Clauses ADVSC	143	(1)
Adjective Subordinate Clauses ADJSC	144	(1)
Using who, whom, that, and which	144	(1)
Noun Subordinate Clauses NSC	145	(1)
Complex, Compound, and Compound-Complex Sentences	146	(1)
The Three Ways to Join Two Independent Clauses to Form a Compound or Compound-Complex Sentence	146	(1)
Participial Phrases as Adjectives PrPP and PaPP	147	(1)
Essential or Nonessential Participial Phrase?	147	(1)
Verb or Adjective?	147	(1)
Absolute Phrases AbP	148	(1)
Gerund Phrases as Nouns GP	149	(1)
Verb Forms Ending in -ing: Participles or Gerunds?	150	(1)
Infinitive Phrases as Adverbs, Adjectives, Nouns ADV IP, ADJ-IP, N-IP	150	(2)
Appositive Phrases AP	152	(1)
Parts of Speech as Structural Elements	153	(1)
The Functions of the Noun in a Clause or Sentence	153	(3)
What Is a Subject?	153	(1)
What Is a Predicate Nominative	154	(1)
Is That Noun Really Functioning as a Predicate Nominative?	154	(1)
What is a Direct Object?	154	(1)
How Can an Indirect Object Be Distinguished from a Direct Object?	155	(1)
What Is an Appositive?	155	(1)
The Functions of the Pronoun in a Clause or Sentence	156	(1)
The His or Her Dilemma	157	(1)
Categories of Verbs	157	(2)
Two Types of Main Verbs	157	(1)
How Is a Helping Verb Distinct from a Main Verb?	157	(1)
The Somewhat Notorious "be" Verb	158	(1)
More About Linking Verbs	158	(1)
About the 23 Helping Verbs	158	(1)
Forms of the Verb & Voice of the Verb	159	(1)
Modifiers: Adverbs and Adjectives	159	(2)
Preposition: Functions of Prepositional Phrases in a Clause or Sentence	161	(1)
Conjunctions: Coordinating, Correlative, Conjunctive Adverbs, and Subordinating	162	(1)
Chart: Parts of Speech for Structure and Syntax	163	(7)
Rhetorical Patterns and Variations for Sentences	164	(1)
Additional Punctuation for Clarity: Comma, Semicolon, and Colon	165	(1)
Common Problems with Structure and Syntax: Comma Splices, Run-ons, Parallelism, Fragments, Agreement (Subject-Verb, Pronoun-Antecedent)	166	(4)
Extending Elaboration with Modification: Repeat Word, Analysis Modifiers	170	(1)
Sentence Structure Exercises	171	(20)
Sentence Combining: Repeat Word Modifiers / Analysis Modifiers	171	(1)
Sentence Combining with Adverb Subordinate Clauses	172	(1)
Sentence Combining with Adjective Subordinate Clauses	173	(1)
Writing Complex Sentences with Adjective Subordinate Clauses	173	(1)
Writing Compound-Complex Sentences with Adjective and Adverb Subordinate Clauses	174	(1)
Noun Subordinate Clauses and Adjective Subordinate Clauses	174	(1)
Writing Complex Sentences with Noun Subordinate Clauses	175	(1)
Three Types of Subordinate Clauses	175	(1)
Simple, Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences	176	(1)
Sentence Combining with Present Participial Phrases	177	(1)
Sentence Combining with Past Participial Phrases	178	(1)
Identifying Present and Past Participial Phrases	179	(1)
Identifying Gerund Phrases and Their Function	180	(1)
Distinguishing Between Gerund and Present Participial Phrases	180	(1)
Identifying Infinitive Phrases and Their Function	181	(1)
Infinitive, Gerund, and Participial Phrases	182	(1)
Sentence Combining with Absolute Phrases	183	(1)
Sentence Combining with Appositive Phrases	184	(1)
Commas with Introductory Elements	184	(1)
Using Commas with Coordinating Conjunctions: Compound Sentences vs. Compound Predicates	185	(1)
Using Semicolons	186	(1)
Using Colons and Semicolons	187	(1)
Using Commas, Colons, and Semicolons	188	(1)
Imitating Syntax and Style of Authors	188	(1)
Potpourri: Putting Clauses and Phrases Together	189	(2)
Creating the Grammatical Structure Guide	191	(1)
appendix
General Composition Assignment and Revision Directions	192	(2)
MLA Documentation	194	(1)
MLA Works Cited Format	195	(3)
Basic Classical Rhetoric	198	(3)
Grading Rubrics	201	(2)
Transitional Words	203	(1)
Quick Essay Checklist	204	(1)
Editing Symbols	205	(2)
Peer Review/Editing Activities	207	(7)
glossary of literary terms	214	(5)
index	219