Creating the National Security State : A History of the Law That Transformed America

by Stuart, Douglas T.

• ISBN13: 9781400823772
• ISBN10: 1400823773
• Copyright: 2008-03-10
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

For the last sixty years, American foreign and defense policymaking has been dominated by a network of institutions created by one piece of legislation--the 1947 National Security Act. This is the definitive study of the intense political and bureaucratic struggles that surrounded the passage and initial implementation of the law. Focusing on the critical years from 1937 to 1960, Douglas Stuart shows how disputes over the lessons of Pearl Harbor and World War II informed the debates that culminated in the legislation, and how the new national security agencies were subsequently transformed by battles over missions, budgets, and influence during the early cold war. Stuart provides an in-depth account of the fight over Truman's plan for unification of the armed services, demonstrating how this dispute colored debates about institutional reform. He traces the rise of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the transformation of the CIA, and the institutionalization of the National Security Council. He also illustrates how the development of this network of national security institutions resulted in the progressive marginalization of the State Department. Stuart concludes with some insights that will be of value to anyone interested in the current debate over institutional reform.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	p. ix
Abbreviations	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
A Farewell to Normalcy	p. 12
"One Man Is Responsible": Managing National Security during World War II	p. 43
Marshall's Plan: The Battle over Postwar Unification of the Armed Forces	p. 73
Eberstadt's Plan: "Active, Intimate and Continuous Relationships"	p. 109
Connecting the Domestic Ligaments of National Security	p. 144
From the National Military Establishment to The Office of the Secretary of Defense	p. 180
Closing the Phalanx: The Establishment of the NSC and the CIA, 1947-1960	p. 230
Conclusion	p. 274
Notes	p. 289
Index	p. 335
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