Criminal Behavior A Systems Approach

by Arrigo, Bruce A., Ph.D.

• ISBN13: 9780131915213
• ISBN10: 0131915215
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-19
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Criminal Behavior: A Systems Approachstrikes a sensible, reader-friendly, and insightful balance between explaining crime and delinquency and interpreting human behavior. In this way, the emerging insights of criminal justice and the unique values of psychology are strategically brought to bear on what conduct society defines as criminal.Utilizing a "systems" approach, the book skillfully and methodically addresses relevant theories of criminal behavior, various types of violent and non-violent crimes and criminals and institutional and organizational responses to crime and criminal behavior.For careers in Criminology.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	xvii
About the Author	xix
Introduction	xxi
Part I Theories of Criminal Behavior	1	(94)
Biological Theories of Crime and Criminal Behavior	3	(17)
Biocriminology	4	(3)
Introduction	4	(1)
Biological Risk Factors for Crime	5	(2)
Implications for Prevention and Treatment	7	(1)
Genetic Theory	7	(6)
Introduction	7	(1)
Trait Theories	7	(2)
Heredity	9	(1)
Biosocial Theories	10	(2)
Genetic Mutations or Defects and Antisocial Behavior	12	(1)
Diathesis--Stress Model of Criminal Behavior	13	(7)
Introduction	13	(1)
Diathesis	13	(1)
Diathesis--Stress and Mental Illness	14	(1)
What Is Stress?	15	(1)
Research	16	(4)
Psychological Theories of Crime and Criminal Behavior	20	(24)
Personality Theory	21	(6)
Introduction	21	(1)
Theories of Personality	21	(2)
Antisocial Personality Disorder	23	(1)
Studies Examining the Link Between Personality and Crime	24	(1)
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Future Dangerousness	25	(1)
Crime and Impulsive Personality Characteristics	25	(2)
Summary	27	(1)
Psychoanalytic Theories of Criminal Behavior	27	(7)
Introduction	27	(1)
History and Tenets of Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theories	27	(2)
Psychoanalytic Personality Theory: Id, Ego, Superego	29	(1)
Psychosexual Stages of Development	30	(1)
Summary	30	(2)
Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theories and Criminal Behavior	32	(2)
Criminal Thinking Errors or Patterns	34	(10)
Myths of Criminal Behavior	34	(2)
Criminal Thinking Errors	36	(3)
California Psychological Inventory	39	(5)
Sociological Theories of Crime	44	(29)
Subcultural Explanations of Crime	45	(4)
Introduction	45	(1)
Wolfgang and Ferracuti's Subculture of Violence	45	(1)
Curtis's Subcultural Theory of Violence	46	(1)
Bernard's Subculture of Angry Aggression	46	(1)
Subcultural Theory and Gangs	47	(1)
Implications of Subcultural Theories	48	(1)
Structural Explanations of Crime	49	(3)
Introduction	49	(2)
Limits of Structural Theories	51	(1)
Research on the Structural Explanation of Crime	51	(1)
Anomie Theory	52	(4)
Introduction	52	(1)
Durkheim and Anomie	53	(1)
Merton and Anomie	54	(2)
Strain Theory Versus Anomie Theory	56	(1)
Anomie and Criminal Behavior	56	(1)
Strain Theory	56	(4)
The Limits of Strain Theory	59	(1)
Conflict Theory	60	(4)
Critical Criminological Theories	64	(9)
Introduction	64	(1)
Radical Criminology--Marxist Theory	65	(1)
Peacemaking Criminology	66	(1)
Postmodern Criminology	67	(1)
Additional Critical Criminological Theories	68	(5)
Social--Psychological Theories	73	(22)
Control Theory	74	(4)
Introduction	74	(1)
Social Control Theory: An Overview	74	(3)
Social Control Theory and Adolescent Misconduct	77	(1)
Social Control Theory Beyond Adolescent Delinquency	77	(1)
Limits of Social Control Theory	78	(1)
Labeling Theory	78	(5)
Criticisms of Labeling Theory	81	(2)
Social Learning Theory	83	(12)
Introduction	83	(1)
Social Learning Theory: The Origins	84	(3)
Social Learning Theory and Criminal Behavior	87	(2)
Social Learning Theory, Violence, and the Media	89	(6)
Part II Types of Offenders and Types of Criminal Behavior	95	(122)
Violent Crime and Criminals	97	(36)
Murder	98	(6)
Introduction	98	(1)
Serial Murder and Serial Murderers	98	(2)
Mass Murder and Mass Murderers	100	(2)
Spree Murder and Spree Murderers	102	(1)
General and Passion Murder and Murderers	102	(2)
Sexual Homicide	104	(4)
Introduction	104	(1)
Background Information of Sexual Homicide	104	(1)
Explaining Paraphilia	105	(2)
Sexual Homicide: An Integrated Model	107	(1)
Sex Crimes	108	(3)
Introduction	108	(1)
Background Information on Rape	108	(1)
Acquaintance Rape	109	(1)
Stranger Rape	109	(2)
Pedophilia	111	(2)
Introduction	111	(1)
The Crime of Pedophilia	111	(1)
The Profile of the Child Molester	111	(2)
Violence in the Criminal Justice System	113	(4)
Introduction	113	(1)
Police Brutality	113	(3)
Prison Violence: Guard Versus Convict	116	(1)
Prison Violence: Convict Versus Convict	116	(1)
Domestic Violence	117	(4)
Introduction	117	(1)
Child Abuse	117	(1)
Spousal Abuse	118	(1)
Elder Abuse	119	(2)
Cult Violence and Hate Crimes	121	(12)
Introduction	121	(1)
Terrorism: Domestic and Foreign	121	(1)
Gang-Related Crime	122	(1)
Religious Cults	123	(2)
Minority-Targeted Crime	125	(8)
Nonviolent Crimes and Criminals	133	(35)
Substance-Related Crimes and Criminals	134	(4)
Introduction	134	(1)
Drug-Related Crimes and Criminals	134	(2)
Alcohol-Related Crimes and Criminals	136	(1)
Drug Dealing	136	(1)
Drug- and Crime-Involved Women	137	(1)
Legal Aspects of Substance-Related Crime	137	(1)
Treatment Opportunities	138	(1)
Organized Crime	138	(4)
Introduction	138	(1)
Money Laundering	139	(1)
Gambling, Loan Sharking, and Numbers Running	139	(1)
Racketeering	140	(2)
White-Collar Crime	142	(3)
Introduction	142	(1)
Defining White-Collar Crime	142	(1)
Embezzlement	143	(1)
Securities and Exchange Commission Violations: Insider Trading	143	(1)
Securities and Exchange Commission Violations: Securities Fraud	144	(1)
Fraud	145	(3)
Introduction	145	(1)
Internet Fraud	145	(1)
Telemarketing Fraud	145	(1)
Identity Theft and Identity Fraud	146	(1)
Other Types of Fraud	146	(1)
Offenders and Victims	147	(1)
Internet Crime	148	(3)
Introduction	148	(1)
Electronically Generated Child Pornography	149	(1)
Cyberstalking	149	(2)
Other Computer Crimes	151	(1)
Stalking	151	(4)
Introduction	151	(1)
Background Information on Stalking	152	(1)
Stalking Typologies	152	(3)
Sexual Harassment	155	(3)
Introduction	155	(1)
Sexual Harassment: Developments in the Law	155	(1)
Sexual Harassment: Types, Models, and Modalities	155	(1)
Sexual Harassment: Mental Health and Physical Health Concerns	156	(1)
Sexual Harassment and the Educational System	157	(1)
Some Concluding Thoughts on Sexual Harassment	158	(1)
Property Crimes	158	(3)
Introduction	158	(1)
Theft	158	(1)
Arson	159	(2)
Prostitution	161	(7)
Introduction	161	(1)
Women in the Sex Trade Industry	161	(1)
The Impact of Prostitution on Women's Lives	162	(1)
The Limits of Research on Prostitution	163	(5)
Juvenile Delinquency	168	(26)
Parental Responsibility	169	(4)
Introduction	169	(1)
Parents as Role Models	169	(1)
Physical Abuse Against Children	169	(1)
Children's Exposure to Marital Violence	170	(1)
Divorce and Single-Parenting	171	(1)
Parental Responsibility Laws	171	(2)
Status Crimes	173	(2)
Introduction	173	(1)
Historical Perspective	173	(1)
Status Offenses	174	(1)
Psychological Theories	174	(1)
Substance-Related Juvenile Crime	175	(3)
Introduction	175	(1)
Background Information on Substance-Related Juvenile Crime	175	(1)
Risk Factors	176	(1)
Juvenile Characteristics	177	(1)
School Violence	178	(3)
Introduction	178	(1)
General Background and Statistical Information on School Violence	178	(1)
Why Does School Violence Occur?	179	(1)
Bullying and School Violence	180	(1)
Some Concluding Thoughts of School Violence	180	(1)
Kids Killing Kids	181	(3)
Introduction	181	(1)
Juvenile Homicide: Some Statistical Information	181	(1)
Demographics	182	(1)
Risk Factors	183	(1)
Juvenile Sex Offenders	184	(2)
Introduction	184	(1)
Juvenile Sex Crimes and Definitional Matters	184	(1)
Offender Characteristics and Victim Characteristics	185	(1)
Theories of Juvenile Sexual Offending	185	(1)
Binding Over or Waiver Process	186	(8)
Introduction	186	(1)
Types of Adolescent Waivers	186	(1)
The Implications of Transfer to the Adult System	187	(1)
Possible Effects of the Waiver Process on the Adolescent's Behavior and Development	188	(6)
Mental Illness	194	(23)
Prevalence of Mental Illness in Criminal Populations	195	(2)
Introduction	195	(1)
Background Statistical Information on Mentally Ill Offenders	195	(1)
The Link Between Violence and Psychiatric Illness: What Do We Know?	196	(1)
Mental Disorders: Axis I	197	(4)
Introduction	197	(1)
Axis I Disorders: Background Information	197	(1)
Bipolar Disorder	198	(1)
Schizophrenia	199	(1)
Conduct Disorder	200	(1)
Mental Disorders: Axis II	201	(4)
Introduction	201	(1)
Psychopathy	201	(2)
Antisocial Personality Disorder	203	(1)
Borderline Personality Disorder	204	(1)
Competency and Criminal Behavior	205	(4)
Introduction	205	(1)
Competency to Stand Trial	205	(1)
Competency to Be Executed	206	(2)
Involuntary Civil Commitment	208	(1)
Mental Disorders as Unique Defenses	209	(8)
Introduction	209	(1)
The Battered Woman Syndrome as a Defense	209	(2)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as a Defense	211	(1)
Black Rage as a Defense	211	(6)
Part III Justice System Approaches to Criminals and Criminal Behavior	217	(99)
Policing	219	(28)
Community Policing	220	(3)
Introduction	220	(1)
The Structure and Practice of Community-Oriented Policing	220	(1)
The Philosophical, Programmatic, and Activity Levels of Community-Oriented Policing	221	(1)
The Efficacy of Community-Oriented Policing	222	(1)
Neighborhood Watches	223	(3)
Introduction	223	(1)
Neighborhood Watch and Criminal Behavior	223	(2)
The Link Between Neighborhood Watch and Community Policing	225	(1)
The Success of Neighborhood Watch Programs	225	(1)
Drug Abuse Resistance Education Programs	226	(2)
The Operation of D.A.R.E. Programs	226	(1)
D.A.R.E. Programs and Their Effectiveness	227	(1)
Police Training and Education	228	(3)
Introduction	228	(1)
Police Training	229	(1)
Police Education	230	(1)
Effects of Police Training and Education on Criminals and Criminal Behavior	231	(1)
Criminal and Racial Profiling	231	(5)
Introduction	231	(1)
Criminal Profiling	231	(5)
Apprehension of Criminals	236	(3)
Introduction	236	(1)
Robots	236	(1)
Nets	237	(1)
Tire Deflation Devices	237	(1)
Less-Than-Lethal Weapons	238	(1)
Some Concluding Remarks on Psychology and Criminal Apprehension	239	(1)
Cops in Schools	239	(8)
Background on Police in Schools	240	(1)
The Function, Roles, and Responsibilities of Police in Schools	240	(7)
The Legal System	247	(22)
Pretrial Matters	248	(1)
Introduction	248	(1)
Plea Bargaining	248	(1)
Probation and Diversion Programs	249	(2)
The Trial Process, Crime, and Behavior	251	(4)
Introduction	251	(1)
Criminal Responsibility Standards	252	(1)
The Role of Mental Health Professionals	253	(2)
Posttrial Matters	255	(5)
Introduction	255	(1)
Sentencing	256	(1)
State and Federal Sentencing Guidelines	257	(1)
Three Strikes Legislation	258	(1)
The Appellate Process	259	(1)
The Death Penalty	260	(9)
Introduction	260	(1)
Background Statistical Information on the Death Penalty	261	(1)
Methods of Execution	262	(2)
Wrongful Convictions	264	(1)
Appealing the Death Penalty	264	(5)
The Correctional System	269	(26)
Retribution Versus Rehabilitation	270	(3)
Introduction	270	(1)
Retribution Versus Rehabilitation: Exploring the Tension	270	(1)
Retribution in Legislation	270	(1)
Forms of Retribution: Three Strikes, 10--20--Life, and Megan's Law	271	(1)
The Rehabilitation Model in Corrections	272	(1)
Parole	273	(5)
Introduction	273	(1)
Background Information on Parole	274	(2)
Mentally Ill Offenders and Parole	276	(1)
Sex Offender Registration	276	(1)
Halfway Houses	277	(1)
Prisons	278	(8)
Introduction	278	(1)
The Federal Prison System	279	(1)
The State Prison System	279	(1)
Prison Overcrowding	280	(1)
Prison Conditions	281	(2)
Prison Psychiatric Wards	283	(1)
State Psychiatric Facilities	284	(1)
Prison Subcultures	284	(2)
Assimilating Criminals Back into Society	286	(9)
Introduction	286	(1)
Rise in Prison Population	286	(1)
Women Prisoners: Unique Obstacles to Successful Reentry	287	(1)
Political, Substance Abuse, and Mental Health Concerns Linked to Community Reentry	288	(2)
Some Concluding Remarks on Community Reentry	290	(5)
Crime, Behavior, and Public Policy: Future Directions	295	(21)
Educational Models	296	(4)
Introduction	296	(1)
Background Information on Forensic Psychological Education and Training	296	(1)
The Clinical Approach	297	(1)
The Law and Psychology Approach	298	(1)
The Law--Psychology--Justice Approach	299	(1)
Undergraduate Education in Forensic Psychology	299	(1)
Implications of the Graduate and Undergraduate Educational Models	300	(1)
New and Future Theories of Crime, Law, and Behavior	300	(5)
Introduction	300	(1)
Procedural Justice	300	(2)
Commonsense Justice	302	(1)
Therapeutic Jurisprudence	303	(2)
Community Prevention and Intervention Programs	305	(11)
Introduction	305	(1)
Mental Health Courts	306	(1)
Therapeutic Communities in Prison	307	(1)
Restorative Justice	308	(2)
Victim-Offender Mediation Programs	310	(6)
Glossary	316	(17)
Index	333