Critical Infrastructures at Risk

by Gheorghe, A. V.; Masera, M.; Weijnen, M. P. C.; Vries, L. J. De

• ISBN13: 9781402043062
• ISBN10: 1402043066
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-03-15
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Europe witnessed in the last years a number of significant power contingencies. Some of them revealed the potentiality of vast impact on the welfare of society and triggered pressing questions on the reliability of electric power systems. Society has incorporated electricity as an inherent component, indispensable for achieving the expected level of quality of life. Therefore, any impingement on the continuity of the electricity service would be able to distress society as a whole, affecting individuals, social and economic activities, other infrastructures and essential government functions. It would be possible to hypothesize that in extreme situations this could even upset national security. This book explores the potential risks and vulnerabilities of the European electricity infrastructure, other infrastructures and our society as whole increasingly depend on. The work was initiated by the need to verify the potential effects of the ongoing market and technical transformation of the infrastructure, which is fundamentally changing its operation and performance. The final aim is to set the basis for an appropriate industrial and political European-wide response to the risk challenges.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary	vii
Contributing Authors	xxvii
Acknowledgements	xxix
Introduction
Scope	1	(1)
Infrastructures, Risks and Society	2	(2)
Definitions	4	(2)
The European Electricity Infrastructure Today and Tomorrow	6	(10)
Background and Structure of this Book	16	(3)
Infrastructures at Risk
Introduction	19	(1)
A Generic Approach to Critical Infrastructures	20	(6)
Trends in Systems of Critical Infrastructures	26	(7)
Risk and Vulnerability in Critical Infrastructures	33	(3)
Conclusion	36	(1)
Liberalisation and Internationalisation of the European Electricity Supply System
Introduction	37	(1)
Liberalisation	38	(23)
Internationalisation	61	(17)
System Security	78	(5)
Conclusions	83	(2)
The Security of Information and Communication Systems and the E+I Paradigm
Introduction	85	(1)
The Evolution towards the E+I Paradigm	86	(8)
The Impact of Digitalization on Security	94	(10)
ICS Security Risks	104	(12)
Conclusions	116	(1)
Governing Risks in the European Critical Electricity Infrastructure
Introduction	117	(1)
Risks in the European Critical Electricity Infrastructure	118	(16)
Risk Governance of ECEI	134	(17)
Conclusions	151	(2)
Concluding Remarks and Recommendations
Introduction	153	(2)
A European Council for the Security of Electric Power	155	(3)
Policies Supporting the Development of a Secure ECEI	158	(2)
A Multidisciplinary R&D Programme and a Public-private Knowledge Platform Addressing the ``Security of Critical Infrastructures''	160	(3)
Appendices
A.1 Learning from the Past -- Electric Power Blackouts and Near Misses in Europe	163	(32)
A.2 Critical Electricity Infrastructure: Current Experience in Europe	195	(60)
A.3 Security Conceptual Frameworks	255	(6)
A.4 ICS Security Standards	261	(10)
A.5 Critical Information Infrastructures (CII) and Risk Analysis Framework	271	(24)
A.6 Critical Information Infrastructure Protection -- Organizational and Legal Aspects	295	(8)
A.7 Profiling the Risk Governance Gap	303	(20)
A.8 The Institutional and Regulatory Context for Risk Governance of the European Critical Electricity Infrastructure	323	(8)
A.9 Costs of Power Infrastructure Malfunctioning	331	(12)
References	343	(24)
Glossary	367	(2)
Subject Index	369