Critical Issues in Police Civil Liability

by Kappeler, Victor E.

• ISBN13: 9780881336931
• ISBN10: 0881336939
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1993-01-01
• Publisher: Waveland Pr Inc

Table of Contents

Preface	p. vii
Acknowledgments	p. ix
The Scope and Impact of Police Civil Liability	p. 1
The Incidence of Civil Suit	p. 3
Police Fear of Litigation	p. 5
The Cost of Civil Liability	p. 8
The Benefit of Civil Liability	p. 11
The Process of Civil Litigation	p. 12
Summary	p. 14
The Fundamentals of State Tort Law	p. 17
Police Liability and State Tort Law	p. 17
Historical Barriers and Defenses to Police Liability	p. 28
Summary	p. 33
The Fundamentals of Federal Liability Law	p. 35
The Civil Rights Act of 1871	p. 35
Municipal Liability under Section 1983	p. 45
Administrative Negligence and Deliberate Indifference	p. 52
Municipal Liability for Failure to Train	p. 54
Defenses to Section 1983 Lawsuits	p. 60
Summary	p. 64
Civil Liability for Police Use of Excessive Force	p. 65
Excessive, Deadly, and Nondeadly Force	p. 66
State and Federal Claims	p. 67
Federal Standards Governing the Use of Deadly Force	p. 71
Standards Governing the Use of Nondeadly Force	p. 76
Liability for Indirect Excessive Force	p. 78
Summary	p. 80
Police Civil Liability for High-Risk Drug Enforcement Operatons	p. 81
Search and Seizure Law in Drug Operations	p. 82
Drug Detection and Probable Cause	p. 98
Summary	p. 105
Police Liability for Abandoning Citizens in Dangerous Places and Situations	p. 107
Governmental Liability for Third-Party Criminal Victimization	p. 108
Abandoning Vehicle Occupants and Qualified Immunity	p. 110
Abandoning Children and Severity of Injury	p. 113
Abandoning Assault Victims and Knowledge of Impending Victimization	p. 115
Case Analysis	p. 117
Summary	p. 119
Legal Issues in Police Negligent Operation of Vehicles in Emergency Situations	p. 121
Statutory Immunities	p. 122
Negligence Principles and Police Pursuit	p. 125
Defenses to Negligent Operation	p. 134
Summary	p. 135
Police Civil Liability for Failure to Arrest Intoxicated Drivers	p. 137
Traditional Barriers to Liability	p. 138
The Public Duty Doctrine	p. 144
Special Relationship	p. 148
Summary	p. 153
The Liability of Traffic Officers: Negligence at Accident Scenes	p. 155
The Duty to Warn and Protect	p. 155
The Duty to Render Assistance	p. 160
The Duty to Investigate Accidents	p. 163
The Duty to Secure Accident Scenes	p. 166
Summary	p. 168
Police Liability for Failure to Prevent Detainee Suicide	p. 171
The Framework of Negligence Litigation	p. 172
The Special Duty of Care	p. 173
Police Conduct and Breach of Duty	p. 178
Defenses to Detainee Suicide	p. 186
Summary	p. 187
Shifting Conceptions of Police Civil Liability and Law Enforcement	p. 189
Legal Assumptions and Police Civil Liability	p. 190
Implications for the Future Police Executive	p. 199
References	p. 203
Cases	p. 207
Index	p. 215
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