Cross-border Resource Management

by Guo

• ISBN13: 9780080983196
• ISBN10: 0080983197
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-09-21
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

Rational exploitation and utilization of natural and environmental resources is more difficult in cross-border areas than in areas under the jurisdiction of a single authority. Moreover, cross-border resource management is constrained by the number of independent stakeholders involved. The primary reasons for this come from the uneven spatial distribution of production factors as well as the non-cooperative cross-border mechanism resulting from two or more political regimes. Faced with cross-border pollution, policymakers tend to be shortsighted, emphasizing the direct costs and benefits of their own regional development at the expenses of their neighbors. In addition, research institutions and international donor agencies have not paid full attention to the problems common in cross-border areas. Consequently, cross-border area studies remain a marginalized, easily forgotten topic. The main objectives of this book are to clarify how natural and human systems interact in cross-border areas under conditions of uncertain, imperfect information and, in some circumstances, irreversibility; to identify and, where possible, quantify the various impacts of the 'border' on the environmental activities in cross-border areas; to evaluate the costs and benefits of cross-border cooperation in the exploitation and utilization of natural and environmental resources; and to recommend measures in improving national and international legal and regulatory mechanisms for resource exploitation and environmental protection in cross-border areas. * Examines various types of cross-border areas at both international and sub-national levels throughout the world as well as their geographical, political, economic and cultural influences on the cross-border resource management * Uses the latest international and area data, resulting in new findings for cross-border environmental activities * Contains numerous case studies throughout the world including in-depth case studies of cross-border resource management

Table of Contents

List of boxes	p. xi
List of figures	p. xii
List of tables	p. xiii
Abbreviations	p. xiv
Preface	p. xvi
Theory
Basic Concepts	p. 3
Political Unit	p. 3
Independent country	p. 3
Internally independent political entity	p. 4
Dependent political entity	p. 4
Border	p. 5
Definition	p. 5
Classification	p. 6
Function	p. 17
Border-Area	p. 19
Geographical scope	p. 19
Classification	p. 20
Function	p. 25
Appendix	p. 28
References	p. 44
Studying Cross-Border Areas	p. 47
Literature Review	p. 47
Early boundary studies	p. 47
Recent research progress	p. 50
Characterizing Cross-Border Areas	p. 51
Proximity and adjacency	p. 51
Political economy of borders	p. 52
Empirical evidence	p. 56
Interdisciplinary Approach	p. 57
Natural and physical sciences	p. 58
Political science	p. 61
Environmental economics	p. 65
Cultural influences	p. 67
Appendix	p. 71
References	p. 74
Cross-Border Regional Science	p. 77
After the Wall...	p. 77
The 11/9 event revisited	p. 77
Evidence from the borderland	p. 79
Can Cross-Border Economies Be Optimized?	p. 81
An autarkic economy: The model	p. 81
Impacts of border-related barriers	p. 83
Empirical evidence	p. 84
Cross-Border Environmental Trajectory	p. 89
Environmental Kuznets curve and border areas	p. 89
Determinants of cross-border pollution	p. 94
Cross-Border Regional Economics	p. 101
Why does Samoa shift its time zone?	p. 101
Cross-border economic cooperation	p. 102
Empirical evidence	p. 104
Appendix	p. 107
References	p. 117
Institutions for Cross-Border Resource Management	p. 121
Why Are Politicians Shortsighted?	p. 121
Spatial politics of global warming	p. 121
Global issues versus local views	p. 124
Enhancing Cross-Border Management: Principles	p. 126
The obligation not to cause harm	p. 128
Equitable use	p. 129
Enhancing Cross-Border Management: Categories	p. 130
Cross-border resource allocation	p. 131
Joint resource management	p. 131
Integrated cross-border planning	p. 134
Cross-Border Management Regimes	p. 135
Joint management regimes	p. 136
Co-management regime	p. 137
Strong Borders, Secure Territories	p. 139
Cross-border crimes	p. 139
Bioinvasion and border control	p. 141
Creating boundaries for protected areas	p. 142
Appendix	p. 147
References	p. 162
Cross-Border Resource Management in Disputed Areas	p. 167
Fuzzy Boundaries, Uncertain Territories	p. 167
Inappropriate terms and place names	p. 167
Vague geometrical features	p. 168
Intricate human and cultural features	p. 169
Inconsistent or contradictory statements	p. 170
Factors Activating Territorial Disputes	p. 170
Resource scarcity	p. 171
Locational feature	p. 173
Domestic politics	p. 174
Geopolitical competition	p. 174
Cultural difference	p. 175
Summary	p. 176
Territorial Disputes and Resource Management	p. 178
Territorial-related conflicts	p. 178
Environmental impacts of armed conflicts	p. 181
Roadmap to peaceful development	p. 183
Appendix	p. 186
References	p. 196
Method
Methods for Dividing Territories among Claimants	p. 203
Territorial Exchange Scheme	p. 203
Principles	p. 203
Examples	p. 204
Fair Division: Methods and Steps	p. 206
Divider-chooser method	p. 206
Lone divider method	p. 207
Lone chooser method	p. 208
Last diminisher method	p. 208
Method of sealed bids	p. 209
Method of markers	p. 211
Fair Division: Application	p. 212
Continental shelf division	p. 212
Territorial dispute resolution	p. 213
Fair Division: Summary	p. 217
References	p. 219
Joint/Cooperative Development Models	p. 221
Solo Development Model	p. 221
Functions	p. 221
Application	p. 221
Parallel Development Model	p. 222
Functions	p. 222
Application	p. 223
Joint Venture Model	p. 226
Functions	p. 226
Application	p. 226
Joint Authority Model	p. 227
Functions	p. 227
Application	p. 228
Political Trusteeship Model	p. 230
Functions	p. 230
Application	p. 231
References	p. 232
Options for Cross-Border Conflict Management	p. 233
International Peace Park	p. 233
Design	p. 233
Examples	p. 234
Neutral Zone	p. 239
Design	p. 239
Examples	p. 241
Buffer Zone	p. 244
Design	p. 244
Examples	p. 245
Demilitarized Zone	p. 247
Design	p. 247
Example	p. 249
References	p. 253
Case Study
Seabed Petroleum Exploitation in Disputed Areas	p. 257
Introduction	p. 257
Sino-Japanese Disputes in the East China Sea	p. 258
Seabed petroleum exploitation	p. 258
Reasons for discord	p. 260
Possible Options	p. 263
A simplified model	p. 263
Defining zones for joint exploitation	p. 265
Taking into account all stakeholders	p. 266
Policy Suggestions	p. 270
Appendix	p. 273
References	p. 276
U.S.-Mexico Border Environment Cooperation	p. 279
U.S.-Mexico Border Industrialization	p. 279
The U.S.-Mexico border area	p. 279
The Maquiladoras	p. 282
Environmental Problems in the Border Area	p. 283
Water supply and water quality	p. 283
Air pollution	p. 284
Industrial and municipal wastes	p. 286
Disease and health care	p. 286
Biological resources	p. 288
U.S.-Mexico Border Environment Cooperation	p. 288
The International Boundary Commission	p. 288
The International Boundary and Water Commission	p. 289
The La Paz Agreement	p. 293
The Washington Agreement	p. 294
The Border XXI Program	p. 296
Unresolved Issues	p. 297
Appendix	p. 299
References	p. 304
The Tumen River Delta: Development and the Environment	p. 307
Introduction	p. 307
About Northeast Asia	p. 307
The Tumen river delta	p. 307
The Tumen River Area Development	p. 310
Historical evolution	p. 310
Input-output analysis	p. 314
Cross-border Environmental Issues	p. 315
River pollution and its international impacts	p. 315
Tumen river development and its environmental implications	p. 318
Future Perspective	p. 321
References	p. 323
Index	p. 325
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