The Crusades (second edition) A History

by Riley-Smith, Jonathan

• ISBN13: 9780826472700
• ISBN10: 0826472702
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-30
• Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic

Summary

The Crusades: A History is a comprehensive, single-volume history of the Crusades, from their beginnings in the eleventh century through to their decline and eventual ending at the close of the eighteenth century. As well as providing an account of the major Crusades, the book describes the organization of a Crusade, the experience of crusading and the Crusaders themselves.

In a new preface and afterword, Jonathan Riley-Smith surveys recent developments in the field and examines responses to the Crusades in different periods, from the Romantics to the Islamic world today. The book concludes with a challenge to a historiographical tradition that has often been fraught with controversy.

In a fully revised second edition, this remains the standard and authoritative account of the fascinating history of the Crusades.

Table of Contents

Maps	xi
Preface to the Second Edition	xxv
Preface to the First Edition	xxvii
Introduction	xxix
1 The Birth of the Crusading Movement: The Preaching of the First Crusade	1	(25)
The casus belli	1	(1)
Pope Urban II	2	(2)
A war of liberation	4	(4)
A penitential war-pilgrimage	8	(2)
Jerusalem	10	(2)
Crusaders as penitents	12	(4)
The response	16	(7)
The 'first Holocaust'	23	(3)
2 The Course of the First Crusade	26	(24)
The condition of Islam	26	(1)
The first wave	26	(3)
The second wave: the march to Constantinople	29	(3)
The second wave: Constantinople to Antioch	32	(5)
The second wave: the siege of Antioch and its aftermath	37	(5)
The second wave: the liberation of Jerusalem	42	(2)
The achievement of the second wave	44	(1)
The third wave	44	(3)
Developments in the idea of crusading	47	(3)
3 The Holy Places and the Patriarchates of Jerusalem and Antioch	50	(32)
The founding of the settlements	50	(3)
The embellishment of the holy places	53	(8)
The establishment of the Latin Church	61	(5)
Relations with the indigenous after 1110	66	(9)
The contribution of the Latin Church	75	(7)
4 Settlement, Government and Defence of the Latin East, 1097-1187	82	(30)
Countryside and town	82	(3)
Administration	85	(5)
The crown and the lords	90	(4)
Baldwin I to Baldwin V	94	(7)
The defence of the settlements	101	(8)
The Battle of Hattin and the loss of Jerusalem	109	(3)
5 Crusading in Adolescence, 1102-1187	112	(25)
Crusaders or pilgrims	112	(4)
The early crusades of the twelfth century	116	(5)
The Second Crusade	121	(10)
Low morale	131	(3)
The development of traditions	134	(3)
6 Crusading comes of Age, 1187-1229	137	(46)
The Third Crusade	137	(9)
The crusade of 1197	146	(1)
Pope Innocent III	147	(2)
The Fourth Crusade	149	(12)
The Baltic crusades	161	(1)
The crusade against Markward of Anweiler	162	(1)
The Albigensian Crusade	163	(6)
Crusading in Spain	169	(2)
The Children's Crusade and the preaching of the Fifth Crusade	171	(5)
The course of the Fifth Crusade	176	(4)
The crusade of Frederick II	180	(3)
7 Crusading in Maturity, 1229–c. 1291	183	(32)
Crusading thought in the mid-thirteenth century	183	(3)
The Barons' Crusade, 1239-41	186	(3)
The first crusade of St Louis	189	(6)
Crusading in Prussia and Livonia	195	(4)
The first crusades against the Mongols	199	(1)
Crusading in Spain	199	(1)
Crusades against heretics	200	(1)
Political crusades	201	(6)
The second crusade of St Louis	207	(5)
Pope Gregory X	212	(1)
The failure to launch a great crusade after 1276	213	(2)
8 The Latin East, 1192—c. 1291	215	(30)
Cilician Armenia	215	(1)
Cyprus	216	(1)
Greece	217	(7)
The Italians	224	(2)
The Ayyubids	226	(1)
The settlers' knowledge of Muslim politics	227	(1)
Antioch-Tripoli	228	(2)
Constitutional conflict in the kingdom of Jerusalem	230	(7)
The emergence of the Mamluks	237	(1)
Changes to the Asiatic trade routes	238	(2)
The Mamluk conquests	240	(1)
The destruction of the settlements in Palestine and Syria	241	(4)
9 The Variety of Crusading, c. 1291-1523	245	(37)
The range of options	245	(1)
Crusade theoreticians	246	(1)
The fall of the Templars	247	(4)
The Teutonic Knights in Prussia and Livonia	251	(3)
The Hospitallers of St John on Rhodes	254	(3)
Features of the order-states	257	(1)
Cyprus	258	(1)
Greece	259	(2)
Crusading in Spain, 1302-54	261	(1)
Crusading in Italy, 1302-78	262	(2)
Crusading to the East in the aftermath of the fall of Acre	264	(2)
Crusading to the East, 1323-60, and the emergence of leagues	266	(2)
Peter I of Cyprus	268	(1)
Concern about the Turks	269	(2)
Crusades engendered by the Great Schism	271	(1)
The crusades of Mandia and Nicopolis	271	(2)
Crusading against the Turks, 1397-1413	273	(1)
The Hussite crusades	274	(1)
The crusade of Varna	275	(1)
Reactions to the loss of Constantinople and the reappearance of peasant armies	276	(1)
Pius II	277	(1)
The conquest of Granada and the invasion of North Africa	278	(1)
Crusade plans, 1484-1522	279	(3)
10 The Old Age and Death of the Crusading Movement, 1523-1798	282	(17)
The Reformation	282	(2)
The military orders	284	(1)
North Africa	285	(3)
The eastern theatre	288	(4)
The Hospitallers of St John and Malta	292	(5)
The death of crusading	297	(2)
Afterword	299	(11)
The critical romantics	299	(2)
The romantic imperialists	301	(3)
Neo-imperialists: Liberal, Marxist, Zionist, Muslim	304	(2)
The Islamization of neo-imperialistic history	306	(2)
The challenge to historiographical tradition	308	(2)
Bibliography	310	(20)
Index	330