Current Issues and Enduring Questions : A Guide to Critical Thinking and Argument, With Readings

by Barnet, Sylvan

• ISBN13: 9780312136819
• ISBN10: 0312136811
• Edition: Teacher
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-06-01
• Publisher: Bedford/st Martins

Table of Contents

Preface	p. iii
Critical Thinking and Reading	p. 1
Critical Thinking	p. 3
Thinking About Drivers' Licenses and Photographic Identification	p. 3
Thinking About Another Issue Concerning Drivers' Licenses: Imagination, Analysis, Evaluation	p. 8
Writing as a Way of Thinking	p. 10
A Short Essay Illustrating Critical Thinking	p. 14
Examining Assumptions	p. 17
A Casebook on Examining Assumptions: What Values do Tests Have?	p. 19
A Checklist for Evaluating Letters of Response	p. 24
Critical Reading: Getting Started	p. 30
Active Reading	p. 30
Summarizing and Paraphrasing	p. 35
A Casebook for Critical Reading: Should Some Kinds of Speech Be Censored?	p. 47
Critical Reading: Getting Deeper into Arguments	p. 65
Persuasion, Argument, Dispute	p. 65
Reason Versus Rationalization	p. 66
Some Procedures in Argument	p. 67
Nonrational Appeals	p. 89
Does All Writing Contain Arguments?	p. 93
An Example: An Argument and a Look at the Writer's Strategies	p. 94
Arguments for Analysis	p. 100
A Casebook: What Role Should Diversity Play in College and University Admission Polices?	p. 118
Visual Rhetoric: Images as Arguments	p. 141
Some Uses of Images	p. 141
Appeals to the Eye	p. 141
Are Some Images Not Fit to Be Shown?	p. 145
Reading Advertisements	p. 149
Visuals as Aids to Clarity: Maps, Graphs, Tables, and Pie Charts	p. 154
A Note on Using Visuals in Your Own Paper	p. 155
Critical Writing	p. 167
Writing an Analysis of an Argument	p. 169
Analyzing an Argument	p. 169
An Argument, Its Elements, and a Student's Analysis of the Argument	p. 173
An Analysis of the Student's Analysis	p. 181
Arguments for Analysis	p. 183
Developing an Argument of Your Own	p. 219
Planning, Drafting, and Revising an Argument	p. 219
A Checklist for Attending to the Needs of the Audience	p. 241
Peer Review	p. 242
A Student's Essay, From Rough Notes to Final Version	p. 243
Using Sources	p. 251
Why Use Sources?	p. 251
Choosing a Topic	p. 253
Finding Material	p. 254
Interviewing Peers and Local Authorities	p. 254
Using the Library	p. 256
Finding Information Online	p. 258
Evaluating Sources	p. 258
Taking Notes	p. 262
A Word About Plagiarism	p. 263
Compiling an Annotated Bibliography	p. 265
Writing the Paper	p. 267
Quoting From Sources	p. 270
Documentation	p. 271
An Annotated Student Research Paper in MLA Format	p. 293
An Annotated Student Research Paper in APA Format	p. 310
Further Views on Argument	p. 321
A Philosopher's View: The Toulmin Model	p. 323
The Claim	p. 323
Grounds	p. 324
Warrants	p. 325
Backing	p. 326
Modal Qualifiers	p. 326
Rebuttals	p. 328
A Model Analysis Using the Toulmin Method	p. 328
A Logician's View: Deduction, Induction, Fallacies	p. 332
Deduction	p. 332
Induction	p. 343
Fallacies	p. 351
A Moralist's View: Ways of Thinking Ethically	p. 372
Amoral Reasoning	p. 374
Immoral Reasoning	p. 376
Moral Reasoning: A Closer Look	p. 378
Criteria for Moral Rules	p. 380
A Lawyer's View: Steps toward Civic Literacy	p. 417
Civil and Criminal Cases	p. 418
Trial and Appeal	p. 419
Decision and Opinion	p. 419
Majority, Concurring, and Dissenting Opinions	p. 420
Facts and Law	p. 421
Balancing Interests	p. 422
A Word of Caution	p. 423
A Casebook on the Law and Society: What Rights do the Constitution and the Bill of Rights Protect?	p. 425
A Psychologist's View: Rogerian Argument	p. 454
A Checklist for Analyzing Rogerian Argument	p. 462
A Literary Critic's View: Arguing about Literature	p. 463
Interpreting	p. 463
Judging (or Evaluating)	p. 464
Theorizing	p. 468
Examples: Two Students Interpret Robert Frost's "Mending Wall"	p. 469
Thinking about the Effects of Literature	p. 489
Thinking about Government Funding for the Arts	p. 497
A Forensic View: Oral Presentation and Debate	p. 498
Standard Debate Format	p. 499
The Audience	p. 500
Delivery	p. 501
The Talk	p. 503
Two Examples of Oral Presentation	p. 504
Current Issues: Occasions for Debate	p. 509
Debates as an Aid to Thinking	p. 510
Abortion: Whose Right to Life Is It Anyway?	p. 513
Affirmative Action: Is It Fair?	p. 525
Cell Phones: Should Their Use While Driving Be Prohibited?	p. 541
Censorship: Should Public Libraries Filter Internet Sites?	p. 545
Gay Marriages: Should They Be Legalized?	p. 550
Gun Control: Would It Really Help?	p. 557
Current Issues: Casebooks	p. 573
The Death Penalty: Can It Ever Be Justified?	p. 575
Drugs: Should Their Sale and Use Be Legalized?	p. 611
Euthanasia: Should Doctors Intervene at the End of Life?	p. 646
The Just War: What Are the Criteria?	p. 670
Privacy: What Are Its Limits?	p. 688
Reparations: Under What Circumstances Are They Appropriate?	p. 718
Sexual Harassment: Is There Any Doubt about What It Is?	p. 740
Torture: Is It Ever Justifiable?	p. 757
Enduring Questions: Essays, Stories, Poems, and A Play	p. 769
What Is the Ideal Society?	p. 771
How Free Is the Will of the Individual within Society?	p. 837
What Is Happiness?	p. 915
Thoughts About Happiness, Ancient and Modern	p. 916
Index of Authors and Titles	p. 941
Index of Terms	p. 947
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