CWNA^?: Certified Wireless Network Administrator^TM Study Guide (Exam PW0-100)

by David D. Coleman ( ); David A. Westcott

• ISBN13: 9780471789529
• ISBN10: 0471789526
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-09-01
• Publisher: Sybex

Summary

Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Author Biography

David D. Coleman, CWNA, is an independent consultant and technical trainer with over 15 years of IT experience, including consulting with Planet3 Wireless on the CWNA courseware. He is a certified wireless network trainer, administrator, security professional, and analyst, and he also holds Microsoft and Cisco certifications.

David A. Westcott is a certified wireless network trainer, administrator, security professional, and analyst. He has over 20 years of experience providing technical training to government agencies, corporations, and universities.

Table of Contents

Introduction	xxiii
Assessment Test	xxxviii
Chapter 1 Overview of Wireless Standards and Organizations	1	(22)
Identifying Standards Organizations	2	(6)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)	3	(1)
International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)	4	(1)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)	5	(1)
Wi-Fi Alliance	6	(1)
International Organization for Standardization	7	(1)
Communications Fundamentals	8	(6)
Understanding Carrier Signals	8	(3)
Understanding Keying Methods	11	(3)
Summary	14	(1)
Exam Essentials	15	(1)
Key Terms	15	(1)
Review Questions	16	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	20	(3)
Chapter 2 Radio Frequency Fundamentals	23	(32)
What Is an RF (Radio Frequency) Signal?	25	(1)
Identifying Radio Frequency Characteristics	25	(7)
Polarity	26	(1)
Wavelength	27	(2)
Frequency	29	(1)
Amplitude	30	(1)
Phase	31	(1)
Identifying RF Behaviors	32	(15)
Wave Propagation	32	(1)
Absorption	33	(2)
Reflection	35	(1)
Scattering	36	(1)
Refraction	37	(1)
Diffraction	38	(1)
Loss (Attenuation)	39	(2)
Free Space Path Loss	41	(1)
Multipath	42	(4)
Gain (Amplification)	46	(1)
Summary	47	(1)
Exam Essentials	47	(1)
Key Terms	48	(1)
Review Questions	49	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	53	(2)
Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Components, Measurements, and Mathematics	55	(36)
RF Components	57	(3)
Transmitter	57	(1)
Antenna	58	(1)
Receiver	59	(1)
Intentional Radiator (IR)	59	(1)
Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)	59	(1)
Units of Power and Comparison	60	(6)
Watt	61	(1)
Milliwatt (mW)	61	(1)
Decibel (dB)	61	(2)
dBi	63	(2)
dBd	65	(1)
dBm	65	(1)
RF Mathematics	66	(15)
Rule of 10's and 3s	67	(9)
Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)	76	(1)
System Operating Margin (SOM)/Link Budget	77	(3)
Fade Margin	80	(1)
Inverse Square Law	81	(1)
Summary	81	(2)
Exam Essentials	83	(1)
Key Terms	83	(1)
Review Questions	84	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	88	(3)
Chapter 4 Radio Frequency Signal and Antenna Concepts	91	(42)
Active and Passive Gain	93	(1)
Azimuth and Elevation Chart	94	(2)
Beamwidth	96	(1)
Antenna Types	97	(8)
Omni-directional Antennas	98	(2)
Semi-directional Antennas	100	(3)
Highly-directional Antennas	103	(1)
Phased Array	104	(1)
Sector Antennas	104	(1)
Visual Line of Sight	105	(1)
RF Line of Sight	105	(1)
Fresnel Zone	106	(3)
Earth Bulge	109	(2)
Antenna Polarization	111	(1)
Antenna Diversity	111	(2)
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)	113	(1)
Antenna Connection and Installation	113	(5)
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)	113	(2)
Antenna Mounting	115	(3)
Antenna Accessories	118	(7)
Cables	118	(1)
Connectors	119	(1)
Splitters	120	(1)
Amplifiers	120	(1)
Attenuators	121	(1)
Lightning Arrestors	121	(2)
Grounding Rods and Wires	123	(2)
Summary	125	(1)
Exam Essentials	125	(1)
Key Terms	126	(1)
Review Questions	127	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	131	(2)
Chapter 5 IEEE 802.11 Standards	133	(30)
Overview of the IEEE 802.11 Standard	135	(1)
IEEE 802.11 Ratified Amendments	136	(12)
802.11b Amendment	136	(1)
802.11a Amendment	137	(2)
802.11g	139	(2)
802.11d	141	(1)
802.11F	142	(2)
802.11h	144	(1)
802.11i	145	(1)
802.11j	146	(1)
802.11e	147	(1)
IEEE 802.11 Draft Amendments	148	(6)
802.11k	148	(1)
802.11m	149	(1)
802.11n	149	(1)
802.11p	150	(1)
802.11r	150	(1)
802.11s	151	(1)
802.11T	151	(1)
802.11u	152	(1)
802.11v	153	(1)
802.11w	153	(1)
Summary	154	(1)
Exam Essentials	154	(1)
Key Terms	155	(2)
Review Questions	157	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	161	(2)
Chapter 6 Wireless Networks and Spread Spectrum Technologies	163	(30)
Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) Bands	165	(1)
900 MHz ISM Band	165	(1)
2.4 GHz ISM Band	166	(1)
5.8 GHz ISM Band	166	(1)
Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Bands (UNII)	166	(2)
Lower Band (UNII-1)	167	(1)
Middle Band (UNII-2)	167	(1)
Upper Band (UNII-3)	167	(1)
Narrowband and Spread Spectrum	168	(2)
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)	170	(2)
Hopping Sequence	170	(1)
Dwell Time	171	(1)
Hop Time	171	(1)
Modulation	172	(1)
802.11/b/g Channels	172	(4)
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)	176	(2)
DSSS Data Encoding	176	(1)
Modulation	177	(1)
Packet Binary Convolutional Code (PBCC)	178	(1)
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)	178	(3)
Convolution Coding	180	(1)
802.11a Channels	181	(1)
Throughput vs. Bandwidth	182	(1)
Communication Resilience	183	(1)
Summary	183	(1)
Exam Essentials	184	(1)
Key Terms	185	(1)
Review Questions	186	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	190	(3)
Chapter 7 Wireless LAN Topologies	193	(26)
Wireless Networking Topologies	194	(3)
Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)	195	(1)
Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)	195	(1)
Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)	196	(1)
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)	197	(1)
802.11 Topologies	197	(11)
Access Point	198	(1)
Client Stations	199	(1)
Distribution System (DS)	199	(1)
Wireless Distribution System (WDS)	200	(1)
Service Set Identifier (SSID)	201	(1)
Basic Service Set (BSS)	202	(1)
Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID)	203	(1)
Basic Service Area (BSA)	203	(1)
Extended Service Set (ESS)	204	(2)
Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS)	206	(1)
Nonstandard 802.11 Topologies	207	(1)
802.11 Configuration Modes	208	(1)
Access Point Modes	208	(1)
Client Station Modes	209	(1)
Summary	209	(1)
Exam Essentials	210	(1)
Key Terms	211	(1)
Review Questions	212	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	216	(3)
Chapter 8 802.11 Medium Access	219	(32)
CSMA/CA vs. CSMA/CD	221	(1)
Distributed Coordination Function (DCF)	222	(6)
Interframe Space (IFS)	223	(1)
Collision Detection	223	(1)
Duration/ID Field	224	(1)
Carrier Sense	224	(1)
Random Backoff Time	225	(1)
Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) Flowchart	226	(2)
Point Coordination Function (PCF)	228	(1)
802.11 Frame Format vs. 802.3 Frame Format	229	(1)
Three Frame Types	229	(2)
Management Frames	230	(1)
Control Frames	230	(1)
Data Frames	231	(1)
Layer 3 Integration with 802.11 Frames	231	(1)
Beacon Management Frame (Beacon)	232	(1)
Passive Scanning	232	(1)
Active Scanning	233	(1)
Authentication	234	(3)
Open System Authentication	235	(1)
Shared Key Authentication	236	(1)
Association	237	(1)
Authentication and Association States	238	(2)
Roaming	240	(1)
Reassociation	240	(1)
Disassociation	241	(1)
Deauthentication	241	(1)
Summary	242	(1)
Exam Essentials	242	(1)
Key Terms	243	(1)
Review Questions	244	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	248	(3)
Chapter 9 802.11 MAC Architecture	251	(24)
ACK Frame	252	(1)
Fragmentation	253	(2)
802.11g Protection Mechanism	255	(2)
RTS/CTS	257	(3)
CTS-to-Self	260	(1)
Power Management	260	(1)
Active Mode	261	(1)
Power Save Mode	261	(1)
Traffic Indication Map (TIM)	261	(1)
Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM)	262	(1)
Announcement Traffic Indication Message (ATIM)	263	(1)
Wireless Multimedia (WMM)	263	(2)
Summary	265	(1)
Exam Essentials	266	(1)
Key Terms	267	(1)
Review Questions	268	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	272	(3)
Chapter 10 Wireless Devices	275	(34)
Wireless LAN Client Devices	276	(7)
Radio Card Formats	276	(4)
Radio Card Chipsets	280	(1)
Client Utilities	281	(2)
Progression of WLAN Architecture	283	(6)
Access Point–Intelligent Edge Architecture	284	(1)
Wireless Network Management System (WNMS)	285	(1)
Centralized WLAN Architecture	286	(2)
Distributed WLAN Architecture	288	(1)
Unified WLAN Architecture	289	(1)
Specialty WLAN Infrastructure Devices	289	(8)
Wireless Workgroup Bridge	289	(1)
Wireless LAN Bridges	290	(2)
Enterprise Wireless Gateway	292	(2)
Residential Wireless Gateway	294	(1)
VPN Wireless Router	295	(1)
Wireless LAN Mesh Routers	295	(1)
Enterprise Encryption Gateway	295	(2)
Virtual AP System	297	(1)
Power over Ethernet (PoE)	297	(1)
PoE Devices	297	(1)
Endspan	298	(1)
Midspan	298	(1)
Summary	298	(1)
Exam Essentials	299	(1)
Key Terms	300	(1)
Review Questions	301	(5)
Answers to Review Questions	306	(3)
Chapter 11 Network Design, Implementation, and Management	309	(18)
Core, Distribution, and Access	310	(1)
Capacity vs. Coverage	311	(2)
Corporate Data Access and End User Mobility	313	(1)
Network Extension to Remote Areas	313	(1)
Bridging—Building-to-Building Connectivity	314	(1)
Wireless ISP (WISP)	314	(1)
Small Office, Home Office (SOHO)	315	(1)
Mobile Office Networking	315	(1)
Educational/Classroom Use	316	(1)
Industrial—Warehousing and Manufacturing	316	(1)
Healthcare—Hospitals and Offices	317	(1)
Public Network Access	317	(1)
Summary	318	(1)
Exam Essentials	319	(1)
Key Terms	319	(1)
Review Questions	320	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	324	(3)
Chapter 12 WLAN Troubleshooting	327	(30)
802.11 Coverage Considerations	328	(15)
Dynamic Rate Switching	329	(2)
Roaming	331	(2)
Layer 3 Roaming	333	(1)
Co-Channel Interference	334	(2)
Channel Reuse	336	(2)
Hidden Node	338	(5)
Near/Far	343	(1)
Interference	343	(2)
Performance	345	(1)
Weather	346	(1)
Summary	347	(1)
Exam Essentials	347	(1)
Key Terms	348	(1)
Review Questions	349	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	353	(4)
Chapter 13 802.11 Network Security Architecture	357	(30)
802.11 Security Basics	359	(2)
Encryption	360	(1)
AAA	360	(1)
Segmentation	361	(1)
Legacy 802.11 Security	361	(5)
Legacy Authentication	361	(1)
Static WEP Encryption	362	(3)
MAC Filters	365	(1)
SSID Cloaking	365	(1)
Authentication and Authorization	366	(4)
802.1X/EAP Framework	366	(2)
EAP Types	368	(1)
Dynamic Encryption Key Generation	369	(1)
WPA/802.11i	370	(4)
Robust Security Network (RSN)	371	(1)
4-Way Handshake	372	(1)
WPA/WPA2 Personal	372	(1)
TKIP	373	(1)
CCMP	373	(1)
Segmentation	374	(1)
VLANs	374	(1)
RBAC	374	(1)
Infrastructure Security	375	(1)
Physical Security	375	(1)
Interface Security	376	(1)
VPN Wireless Security	376	(2)
Layer 3 VPNs	376	(2)
Summary	378	(1)
Exam Essentials	378	(1)
Key Terms	379	(1)
Review Questions	380	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	384	(3)
Chapter 14 Wireless Attacks, Intrusion Monitoring, and Policy	387	(30)
Wireless Attacks	388	(10)
Rogue Access Point	389	(1)
Peer-to-Peer Attacks	390	(1)
Eavesdropping	390	(3)
Encryption Cracking	393	(1)
Authentication Attacks	393	(1)
MAC Spoofing	394	(1)
Management Interface Exploits	395	(1)
Wireless Hijacking	395	(1)
Denial of Service (DoS)	396	(2)
Intrusion Monitoring	398	(6)
Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS)	398	(3)
Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIPS)	401	(1)
Mobile WIDS	402	(1)
Spectrum Analyzer	403	(1)
Wireless Security Policy	404	(3)
General Security Policy	404	(1)
Functional Security Policy	405	(1)
Legislative Compliance	405	(1)
802.11 Wireless Policy Recommendations	406	(1)
Summary	407	(1)
Exam Essentials	408	(1)
Key Terms	408	(1)
Review Questions	409	(4)
Answers to Review Questions	413	(4)
Chapter 15 Radio Frequency Site Survey Fundamentals	417	(26)
WLAN Site Survey Interview	418	(8)
Customer Briefing	418	(1)
Business Requirements	419	(1)
Capacity and Coverage Requirements	420	(2)
Existing Wireless Network	422	(1)
Infrastructure Connectivity	423	(2)
Security Expectations	425	(1)
Documents and Reports	426	(4)
Forms and Customer Documentation	426	(2)
Deliverables	428	(1)
Additional Reports	429	(1)
Vertical Market Considerations	430	(4)
Outdoor Surveys	430	(1)
Aesthetics	431	(1)
Government	431	(1)
Education	431	(1)
Healthcare	432	(1)
Hotspots	432	(1)
Retail	432	(1)
Warehouses	433	(1)
Manufacturing	433	(1)
Multitenant Buildings	434	(1)
Summary	434	(1)
Exam Essentials	434	(1)
Key Terms	435	(1)
Review Questions	436	(5)
Answers to Review Questions	441	(2)
Chapter 16 Site Survey Systems and Devices	443	(34)
Site Survey Defined	444	(11)
Mandatory Spectrum Analysis	445	(4)
Mandatory Coverage Analysis	449	(4)
AP Placement and Configuration	453	(1)
Optional Application Analysis	454	(1)
Site Survey Tools	455	(5)
Indoor Site Surveys Tools	456	(1)
Outdoor Site Survey Tools	457	(3)
Coverage Analysis	460	(7)
Manual	460	(4)
Assisted	464	(1)
Predictive	465	(1)
Self-Organizing Wireless LANs	466	(1)
Summary	467	(1)
Exam Essentials	467	(1)
Key Terms	468	(1)
Review Questions	469	(5)
Answers to Review Questions	474	(3)
Glossary	477	(32)
Index	509