Data Analysis with Spreadsheets (with CD-ROM)

by Patterson, David A.; Basham, Randall E.

• ISBN13: 9780205407514
• ISBN10: 020540751X
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-04-11
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

David A. Patterson and Randall E. Basham have produced the first book and CD-ROM to combine text, video and graphs to clearly describe and illustrate how social workers can use spreadsheets to collect data, analyze statistics and create graphs of research results. Students and professionals will find this an excellent guide to taking advantage of spreadsheet software, an underutilized, inexpensive and commonly available data analytic tool found in most, if not all, agency settings. Data Analysis with Spreadsheestoffer instructors clearly articulated descriptions and video demonstrations of data analysis procedures that are commonly referred to in research and practice evaluation texts. This text and CD-ROM present a variety of ways to select random samples and clearly demonstrate how to produce descriptive statistics, frequency distributions, and bivariate analyses using spreadsheets.

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
An Introduction to Spreadsheets	1	(13)
Spreadsheets---First Facts	1	(1)
The Brief History of Spreadsheets	2	(2)
Why Use Spreadsheets for Data Analysis in the Social Services?	4	(1)
Spreadsheet Basics	5	(4)
Data In	7	(1)
Using Formulas and Functions	7	(2)
Advanced Tools for Understanding Data	9	(2)
A Comparison of Spreadsheets to Statistical Analysis Software	11	(1)
The Paradox of Spreadsheets and Statistical Software in Social Service Practice	12	(1)
Summary	12	(1)
Review Questions	13	(1)
Data Collection Ways and Means	14	(15)
The Many Paths of Data Acquisition	14	(1)
Levels of Measurement	14	(4)
Variables and Attributes	14	(1)
Nominal Data	15	(1)
Ordinal Data	16	(1)
Interval Data	17	(1)
Ratio Data	18	(1)
Data Coding	18	(3)
Comment Windows	19	(1)
Text Boxes	19	(2)
Codebook Sheets	21	(1)
Basic Data Entry	21	(1)
Creating Data Entry Forms	22	(1)
Downloading Data	23	(3)
Format	24	(1)
Web-Based Data Retrieval	24	(1)
Excel Web Query	25	(1)
Relating to Database Software	26	(1)
Saving What You Have and Using What You Need	27	(1)
Summary	28	(1)
Review Questions	28	(1)
Selecting Samples	29	(9)
Samples: First Facts	29	(1)
Simple Random Samples	30	(1)
Systematic Sampling	31	(2)
Stratified Sampling	33	(2)
Random Assignment	35	(2)
Summary	37	(1)
Review Questions	37	(1)
Data Cleaning	38	(13)
Types of Problem Data	39	(1)
Detecting Data Errors	39	(6)
Eyeballing the Data	39	(1)
Auto-Filter	40	(1)
Duplicate Detection	41	(3)
Contingency Cleaning	44	(1)
Missing Data: Its Detection and Handling	45	(5)
Detecting Missing Data	45	(3)
Handling Missing Data	48	(2)
Summary	50	(1)
Review Questions	50	(1)
Frequency Distributions and Histograms	51	(12)
Understanding the Distribution of Values	51	(3)
Normally Distributed Data	51	(2)
Absolute, Relative, and Cumulative Frequencies	53	(1)
Absolute and Cumulative Percentage	54	(1)
Frequency Distributions	54	(4)
Production of Frequency Distributions with Spreadsheets	56	(1)
Producing Frequency Distributions in Excel	56	(1)
Using the Frequency Function	57	(1)
Using the Pivot Table Option	58	(1)
Producing Histograms Using the Chart Wizard	58	(4)
Summary	62	(1)
Review Questions	62	(1)
Descriptive Statistics	63	(12)
Measures of Central Tendency	63	(2)
Mean	63	(1)
Mode	64	(1)
Median	65	(1)
Formulas for Measures of Central Tendency	65	(1)
Measures of Dispersion or Variability	66	(3)
Variance	66	(1)
Standard Deviation	67	(1)
Kurtosis	68	(1)
Skewness	68	(1)
Range	68	(1)
Maximum and Minimum Scores, Sum, and Count	68	(1)
Confidence Level	69	(1)
Data Analysis Tools: Descriptive Statistics	69	(2)
Producing Frequency Polygrams	71	(3)
Summary	74	(1)
Review Questions	74	(1)
Statistical Inference and Hypothesis Testing	75	(15)
Normal Distributions	75	(2)
Probability Distributions	77	(2)
Skewness	79	(1)
Understanding Hypothesis Testing	79	(3)
Statistical Significance	82	(2)
p-Value	82	(1)
Type I and Type II Errors	83	(1)
Effect Size and Sample Size Estimation	84	(4)
Summary	88	(1)
Review Questions	89	(1)
Bivariate Statistics	90	(19)
Chi-Square Test of Independence	90	(7)
Observed Frequencies	92	(1)
Expected Frequencies	92	(1)
Chi-Square Value	92	(1)
p-Value	92	(1)
Chi-Square in Microsoft Excel	92	(5)
t-Test	97	(6)
One-Sample t-Test	97	(2)
t-Test for Two Independent Samples	99	(2)
Paired Samples t-Test (Dependent)	101	(2)
Anova	103	(4)
One-Way Between-Groups	104	(1)
Two-Way Between-Groups	105	(2)
Post Hoc Tests of Means	107	(1)
Summary	108	(1)
Review Questions	108	(1)
Pivot Tables	109	(14)
Basic Steps for Creating a Pivot Table	109	(3)
Expanding the Pivot Table Analysis	112	(7)
Adding an Additional Variable	113	(2)
Drilling Down	115	(1)
Data Display Options	116	(3)
Creating Charts and Graphs	119	(2)
Summary	121	(1)
Review Questions	122	(1)
Single System Designs	123	(23)
Basic Elements of Single System Design	124	(4)
Data Recording	124	(1)
Visual Display of Data	125	(3)
Advanced Designs	128	(1)
Dynamic Chart Production	128	(2)
Analyzing Change	130	(6)
Celeration Line	131	(1)
Regression Line	132	(2)
Moving Average	134	(2)
Autocorrelation	136	(1)
Single System Designs for Groups	136	(8)
Standard Deviation Enhanced Line Graphs	138	(3)
Surface Plots	141	(3)
Summary	144	(1)
Review Questions	145	(1)
Correlation and Regression	146	(13)
Pearson's r and R2	146	(2)
Bivariate Regressions	148	(2)
Regression	149	(1)
Two-Variable Regression	149	(1)
Multiple Regression	150	(1)
Creating Scatterplots	150	(2)
Trendlines in Scatterplots	150	(1)
Interpreting Scatterplots	151	(1)
Ordinary Least Squares Regression	152	(5)
Computing OLS Regression	153	(1)
Interpreting Multivariate Regression (OLS) Output in Excel	154	(3)
Creating a Control Variable for Regression Analysis in Excel	157	(1)
Interpreting Results of Multivariate Regression Using a Control Variable	157	(1)
Summary	157	(1)
Review Questions	158	(1)
Graphical Representation of Practice Information	159	(23)
Thinking Visually	160	(1)
Graphical Representation	161	(1)
Tools for Graphical Representation of Information	162	(15)
Spreadsheets	162	(1)
Data Selection Prior to Graphing	162	(5)
Matching Data to Type of Graph	167	(9)
Enhancing Graphs	176	(1)
Spreadsheet Drawing Tools	177	(4)
Ecomaps	177	(2)
Genograms	179	(2)
Summary	181	(1)
Review Questions	181	(1)
Glossary	182	(5)
Bibliography	187	(3)
Web Links	190