Decay and Renewal

by Trautmann, Nancy M.; Krasny, Marianne E.; Carlsen, William S.; Cunningham, Christine M.

• ISBN13: 9780873552127
• ISBN10: 0873552121
• Edition: Student
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-03-01
• Publisher: Natl Science Teachers Assn

Table of Contents

Figures and Tables in the Student Edition	viii
Preface	ix
Scilinks	xi
Section 1. Understanding Biodegradation
Natural Forces of Decay and Renewal	3	(14)
Biodegradation	3	(1)
Producers and Consumers	4	(2)
Nutrient Cycles and Energy Flows	6	(3)
Classification of Living Things	9	(1)
Biodegradation on Land	10	(2)
Biodegradation in Water	12	(1)
Organic Pollution	12	(2)
Eutrophication	14	(1)
Conclusion	14	(1)
Discussion Questions	15	(2)
Harnessing Natural Decay	17	(12)
Human Waste Disposal Processes	17	(1)
Biodegradable Plastics	18	(1)
Landfills	18	(2)
Composting	20	(1)
Compost Biology	21	(1)
Compost Chemistry and Physics	22	(2)
Wastewater Treatment	24	(3)
Using Wetlands to Purify Wastewater	27	(1)
Discussion Questions	27	(2)
Bioremediation: Using Microbes to Clean Up Contaminated Sites	29	(111)
Degrading Groundwater Contaminants	30	(2)
Cleaning Up Oil Spills	32	(2)
Choosing When to Use Bioremediation	34	(1)
Discussion Questions	34	(3)
Section 2. Biodegradation Protocols: Introduction to Research
Identifying Decomposers	37	(25)
Picking and Sorting Invertebrates	37	(5)
Berlese Funnel for Collecting Invertebrates	42	(2)
Wet Extraction of Soil Organisms	44	(2)
Collecting and Observing Aquatic Invertebrates	46	(7)
Observing Soil Microorganisms	53	(2)
Culturing Bacteria	55	(4)
Culturing Fungi	59	(3)
Chemical Effects of Biodegradation	62	(25)
Measuring CO2 Produced in Soil or Compost	62	(15)
Measuring Dissolved Carbon Dioxide	77	(2)
Measuring Dissolved Oxygen	79	(4)
Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)	83	(4)
Composting and Landfilling	87	(4)
Using Soda Bottle Bioreactors for Biodegradation Experiments	87	(4)
Bioremediation	91	(4)
Growing Enrichment Cultures	91	(2)
Isolating the Degraders	93	(2)
Protocol Planning and Review Forms	95	(6)
Protocol Planning Form	96	(1)
Data Analysis Peer Review Form	97	(4)
Section 3. Interactive Research: Experiments and Field Studies
Ideas for Biodegradation Research	101	(8)
Invertebrate Life	101	(1)
Compost Invertebrates	101	(1)
Soil Invertebrates	101	(1)
Aquatic Invertebrates	102	(1)
Microbial Life	102	(1)
Chemical Effects of Biodegradation	103	(1)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide	103	(1)
pH	103	(1)
Composting	104	(1)
Bioreactor Design	104	(1)
Compost Ingredients	104	(1)
Microorganisms	104	(1)
Compost Physics	105	(1)
Effects of Compost on Plant Growth	105	(1)
Biodegradation in Landfills	105	(1)
Biodegradable Plastics	106	(1)
Bioremediation	106	(1)
Cleaning Up an Oil Spill	106	(1)
Isolating the Degraders	107	(1)
Comparing with Other Microbes	107	(2)
Forms For Interactive Research	109	(20)
Planning Research	110	(1)
Choosing a Research Topic	110	(3)
Interactive Research Planning Form #1	113	(2)
Interactive Research Planning Form #2	115	(5)
Presenting Research Results	120	(1)
Research Report Form	120	(3)
Poster Guidelines	123	(1)
Peer Review Forms	124	(1)
Experimental Design Peer Review Form	124	(1)
Research Report Peer Review Form	125	(1)
Poster Peer Review Form	126	(3)
Section 4. Interactive Research: Wastewater Treatment Design Challenge
Wastewater Treatment Design Challenge	129	(6)
Materials	129	(1)
Setting the Scene	129	(1)
The Challenge	130	(1)
Design Criteria and Constraints	131	(1)
The Design Process	132	(3)
Forms for Wastewater Treatment Design Challenge	135	(5)
Parts List and Cost Analysis Form	136	(1)
Design Selection Rubric	137	(1)
Design Proposal Form	138	(2)
Design Challenge Peer Review Form	140