The Decline in Employment of People With Disabilities: A Policy Puzzle

by Stapleton, David C.; Burkhauser, Richard V.

• ISBN13: 9780880992596
• ISBN10: 088099259X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-12-01
• Publisher: W E Upjohn Inst for

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	xv
1 Introduction	1	(22)
Richard V. Burkhauser and David C. Stapleton
The Employment and Economic Well-Being of Working-Aged People with Disabilities	2	(3)
Is the Decline in Employment a Measurement Aberration?	5	(3)
Comparing Trends in the Employment of People with Disabilities Across Data Sets and Disability Population Definitions	8	(1)
Is the Overall Employment Rate of People with Disabilities the Appropriate Policy Success Measure?	9	(1)
Alternative Explanations of the Overall Decline in Employment Rates	10	(10)
Who Is Right?	20	(1)
Note	20	(1)
References	20	(3)
2 A User's Guide to Current Statistics on the Employment of People with Disabilities	23	(64)
Richard V. Burkhauser, Andrew J. Houtenville, and David C. Wittenburg
Data Description	26	(2)
Conceptualizing Disability	28	(6)
Empirical Analysis	34	(7)
Explaining the Differences in Employment Trends in Other Studies	41	(6)
Other Labor Market Success Measures	47	(5)
Conclusion	52	(2)
Notes	54	(5)
Appendix 2A	59	(26)
References	85	(2)
3 Employment Declines among People with Disabilities	87	(38)
Andrew J. Houtenville and Mary C. Daly
Data and Measurement	88	(2)
Shifts in Population Composition	90	(5)
Isolated Occurrence or Widespread Decline?	95	(6)
Decomposition of Employment Decline	101	(7)
Within-Group Changes in Health	108	(2)
Conclusion	110	(1)
Notes	111	(2)
Appendix 3A	113	(10)
References	123	(2)
4 Have Changes in the Nature of Work or the Labor Market Reduced Employment Prospects of Workers with Disabilities?	125	(56)
David C. Stapleton, Nanette Goodman, and Andrew J. Houtenville
The Static Aspects of Work	128	(28)
The Dynamic Aspects of Work	156	(4)
Conclusion	160	(1)
Notes	161	(4)
Appendix 4A	165	(10)
Appendix Notes	175	(1)
References	176	(5)
5 Rising Health Care Expenditures and the Employment of People with High-Cost Chronic Conditions	181	(36)
Steven C. Hill, Gina A. Livermore, and Andrew J. Houtenville
Background	183	(5)
Data and methods	188	(10)
Findings	198	(10)
Discussion	208	(1)
Summary of Findings	209	(2)
Notes	211	(1)
References	212	(5)
6 Employment and the Changing Disability Population	217	(42)
H. Stephen Kaye
Employment Measures for the Disability Population	219	(5)
The Changing Size and Composition of the Disability Population	224	(10)
Increased Prevalence of Chronic Conditions and Impairments	234	(8)
What Risk Factors Might Have Led to These Increases?	242	(11)
Conclusion	253	(1)
Notes	254	(1)
References	254	(5)
7 The Americans with Disabilities Act and the Employment of People with Disabilities	259	(20)
Thomas DeLeire
Background	260	(3)
The A Priori Case Against the ADA	263	(2)
Empirical Studies-the Weight of the Evidence Against the ADA	265	(8)
What Needs To Be Done?	273	(2)
Notes	275	(1)
References	275	(4)
8 Does the Definition Affect the Outcome?	279	(22)
Douglas Kruse and Lisa Schur
Problems in Defining and Measuring Disability	282	(9)
Estimates of Employment Patterns and Trends	291	(4)
Conclusion	295	(1)
Notes	296	(2)
References	298	(3)
9 Is It Time to Declare the ADA a Failed Law?	301	(38)
Peter Blanck, Susan Schwochau, and Chen Song
Economic Models of Employment Discrimination	303	(4)
Effect of ADA Title I	307	(7)
Does the ADA Exacerbate the Employment Problem?	314	(14)
Conclusion	328	(1)
Notes	329	(3)
References	332	(7)
10 Social Security Disability Insurance and the Recent Decline in the Employment Rate of People with Disabilities	339	(30)
Nanette Goodman and Timothy Waidmann
Background	341	(7)
Findings	348	(14)
Discussion	362	(3)
Notes	365	(2)
References	367	(2)
11 A Review of the Evidence and Its Implications for Policy Change	369	(38)
Richard V. Burkhauser and David C. Stapleton
Did the Employment Rate Decline?	372	(3)
Which Measure of the Employment Rate Should We Focus On?	375	(2)
What Caused the Employment Rate Decline?	377	(16)
Policy Implications	393	(10)
Notes	403	(1)
References	404	(3)
The Authors	407	(6)
Index	413	(18)
About the Institute	431