Democracy amid Crises Polarization, Pandemic, Protests, and Persuasion

by Levendusky, Matthew; Pasek, Josh; Hardy, Bruce; Holbert, R. Lance; Kenski, Kate; Ophir, Yotam; Renninger, Andrew; Romer, Daniel; Walter, Dror; Winneg, Ken; Jamieson, Kathleen Hall

• ISBN13: 9780197644690
• ISBN10: 0197644694
• eBook ISBN(s): 9780197644720
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2023-01-13
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• More Book Details

Summary

A data-rich analysis of how the four inter-related crises of 2020 -- the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic collapse and K-shaped recovery, the clashes over the legacy of racism and policing, and assaults on the legitimacy of democratic institutions (abetted by conspiracy theories) -- shaped not only the 2020 election, but also the future of our democracy.

The 2020 election cycle was one of the most tumultuous in the nation's history. Early in the cycle, a global pandemic hit the US, paralyzing much of the economy and raising a multitude of questions about how people would go about voting. Then, beginning in late spring, a series of police brutality cases set off a nationwide wave of protests and civil disturbances related to racial justice concerns. In the final phase, the president of the United States refused to accept the results and incited his followers to storm the US Capitol. How did all of these momentous events shape voters' opinions? And what impact did they have on the outcome?

To answer these questions, Kathleen Hall Jamieson and her collaborators surveyed 9,000 Americans over the course of the year to determine how voters reacted to the events on the ground, the campaigns' attempts at persuasion, and the post-election chaos that followed Biden's victory. Generally, American voters saw the multitude of crises through the lens of their polarized partisan predispositions. But why? Jamieson and her co-authors first stress that America has multiple electorates, and they are exposed to different informational environments. The divergent messages they received shaped not only their vote choice, but also how they made sense of these crises. Interestingly, though, while many voters were locked in place by their partisan priors, a majority of those who ended up voting for either Biden or Trump were unsure of their choice and whether they would actually vote at some point during the year. What led to both the wavering in people's choices and the attitudes they eventually adopted were in large part due to the differing media environments enveloping them: the messages from the campaigns, from their family and friends, as well from those in mass and social media. But this is not a simple story of "echo chambers," where individuals are immersed in only one type of media -- far from it. The distinct media environments in which these electorates experienced the election were in fact complex and varied, and the interaction between these different types of media was key. Indeed, most voters were subject to cross-cutting information pressures and not only one type of partisan source. This book's focus on the ebb and flow of the campaign over time and the centrality of wavering voters makes this an authoritative and essential account of one of the most momentous American elections ever.

Author Biography

The Annenberg IOD Collaborative is a group of 11 scholars from the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University, University of Michigan, University of Arizona, Georgia State University, and SUNY-Buffalo. Members of the group have authored a number of books about politics, power and polarization.

Table of Contents

Ch. 1 An Election Like No Other
THE ANNENBERG IOD COLLABORATIVE

Ch. 2 What Fundamental Factors Shape Elections?
R. LANCE HOLBERT, KATHLEEN HALL JAMIESON, MATTHEW LEVENDUSKY, AND JOSH PASEK

Ch. 3 The Data
JOSH PASEK, KENNETH WINNEG, AND MATTHEW LEVENDUSKY

Ch. 4 The Multiple Electorates of 2020
JOSH PASEK

Ch. 5 The Communication Electorates
R. LANCE HOLBERT, YOTAM OPHIR, AND DROR WALTER

Ch. 6 Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Sink Trump's Re-Election?
KATHLEEN HALL JAMIESON, MATTHEW LEVENDUSKY, AND ANDREW RENNINGER

Ch. 7 Would A Growing Economy Secure President Trump's Re-Election?
KATHLEEN HALL JAMIESON, MATTHEW LEVENDUSKY, JOSH PASEK, AND ANDREW RENNINGER

Ch. 8 Law and Order vs. Law and Order with Racial Justice
JOSH PASEK AND KATHLEEN HALL JAMIESON

Ch. 9 "Stop the Steal": Voters' Beliefs about Electoral Legitimacy in the 2020 Election and Beyond
MATTHEW LEVENDUSKY AND JOSH PASEK

Ch. 10 Primed for Insurrection: The Role of Conspiracy Theories in the 2020 Election and its Aftermath
KATHLEEN HALL JAMIESON AND DAN ROMER

Ch. 11 A Republic, If You Can Keep It
THE ANNENBERG IOD COLLABORATIVE