Democracy in the Developing World Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East

by Haynes, Jeffrey

• ISBN13: 9780745621418
• ISBN10: 0745621414
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-10-08
• Publisher: Polity

Summary

Until the late 1980s, there were very few democratically elected governments in the developing world. These areas were characterized by a range of authoritarian regimes from military administrations to one-party dictatorships. Over the past decade, however, the situation has altered significantly and an increasing number of developing countries have made the transition to democracy. For some, this process of building and consolidating democracy has been relatively easy, while for others, it has proved more complex and harder to sustain. In this important new textbook, Jeff Haynes seeks to explain why these differences occur. Adopting a broadly comparative approach, he begins by examining the theories and practice of democratic transition and consolidation in the new democracies of Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. Haynes argues persuasively that a country's ability to consolidate democracy depends not only on the interaction of structural and agency factors, but also on a variety of specific domestic and international concerns which may help or hinder democratic progress. Using a wide range of case studies to illustrate his argument, Haynes provides an accessible and comprehensive analysis of the processes and problems of democratic consolidation in developing nations. This is an important textbook that will be invaluable to students in a variety of areas from politics and comparative politics to development studies and history.

Author Biography

Jeff Haynes is Professor of Politics at London Guildhall University.

Table of Contents

The Third Wave of Democracy	1	(18)
Introduction	1	(4)
The third wave of democracy and its ramifications	5	(3)
Forms of authoritarian rule	8	(3)
Forms of democracy	11	(1)
Types of democratic regime	12	(4)
Overall conclusions	16	(2)
Democratic Transitions and Structured Contingency	18	(17)
Democratic transitions in comparative perspective	18	(3)
Characteristics of democratic transitions	21	(7)
Structured contingency	28	(5)
Overall conclusions	33	(2)
Explaining Democratic Consolidation	35	(16)
What is democratic consolidation?	35	(3)
Democratic consolidation: political, economic and international dimensions	38	(11)
Theoretical perspectives and hypotheses on democratic consolidation	49	(2)
Latin America	51	(29)
Introduction	51	(2)
Structural impediments to democracy in Latin America	53	(3)
Democratic consolidation in Latin America	56	(7)
Case studies: Mexico and Venezuela	63	(15)
Overall conclusions	78	(2)
East and South East Asia	80	(27)
Introduction	80	(3)
Structural impediments to democracy in East and South East Asia	83	(2)
Democratic consolidation in East and South East Asia	85	(7)
Case studies: South Korea and the Philippines	92	(13)
Overall conclusions	105	(2)
South Asia	107	(27)
Introduction	107	(2)
Structural impediments to democracy in South Asia	109	(1)
Democratic consolidation in South Asia	110	(6)
Case studies: India and Pakistan	116	(16)
Overall conclusions	132	(2)
Africa	134	(29)
Introduction	134	(5)
Structural impediments to democracy in Africa	139	(1)
Democratic consolidation in Africa	140	(7)
Case studies: South Africa and Ghana	147	(14)
Overall conclusions	161	(2)
The Middle East	163	(30)
Introduction	163	(3)
Structural impediments to democracy in the Middle East	166	(2)
Democratization in the Middle East	168	(11)
Case studies: Kuwait and Turkey	179	(11)
Overall conclusions	190	(3)
Conclusions	193	(16)
Structured contingency and democracy	194	(4)
Democratic consolidation in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East	198	(9)
The future	207	(2)
Appendix: The Freedom House Survey and Organization	209	(10)
Bibliography	219	(20)
Index	239