Developing Composition Skills Rhetoric and Grammar

by Ruetten, Mary K.

• ISBN13: 9780838426555
• ISBN10: 0838426557
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-04-09
• Publisher: Heinle ELT

Summary

Now with CNN video clips, Internet activities, updated reading selections and a "Getting Started" section, this best-seller continues to provide practice in the rhetorical modes while integrating instruction with readings, grammar, and critical thinking skills.

Table of Contents

To the Teacher	xv
Introducing the Paragraph	1	(27)
Theme: Reasons for Writing	1	(1)
Goals	1	(1)
Getting Started	2	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Writing off Stress	2	(1)
People write about their personal experiences and feelings in journals or diaries for many reasons. This video clip shows therapists and patients who believe writing can reduce stress and help heal some diseases
Reading	2	(4)
Reading: From Reaching Across the Gap: How I Write	5	(1)
Michael C. Flanigan
This reading is part of an essay by Michael C. Flanigan, who is a Professor of Composition at the University of Oklahoma. While writing letters as a young child, he discovered the importance of details and of writing for a particular audience
The Parts of a Paragraph	6	(7)
The Topic Sentence	7	(3)
Support	10	(2)
Conclusion	12	(1)
Title	13	(1)
Form	13	(2)
Unity	15	(1)
Coherence	16	(1)
Grammar Review	17	(1)
Cohesion	18	(2)
Cohesion: Connecting Words	18	(2)
Writing a Paragraph	20	(6)
Considering Audience	20	(1)
Getting Ideas	21	(1)
Narrowing the Topic	21	(1)
Deciding on a Controlling Idea	22	(1)
Choosing Support	23	(1)
Revising	24	(2)
Using the Internet	26	(1)
Keeping a Journal	26	(2)
Narrating	28	(23)
Theme: Memorable Events	28	(1)
Goals	28	(1)
Getting Started	29	(1)
Journal Writing: A Memorable Event	29	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Adult Illiteracy	29	(1)
Many adults in the United States cannot read and write well, including some high school graduates. This video clip tells the story of Enrique Ramirez and other adults who have overcome their problems with reading
Reading	30	(2)
Reading: My Fault	31	(1)
Hoang Vo
This essay was writen by Hoang Vo when he was a student in an ESL class. He writes about an unforgettable memory in which he broke a valuable vase, then blamed it on his friend
Preparing to Write	32	(8)
Focusing on a Main Point	32	(4)
Supporting the Main Point with an Incident	36	(1)
Focusing on a Particular Incident	36	(1)
Giving Background Information	37	(1)
Explaining the Main Point	38	(1)
Organizing by Chronological Order	38	(2)
Writing	40	(1)
Writing Assignment 1: Narrative	40	(1)
Using Language Effectively	41	(3)
Cohesion: Connecting Words for Narration	41	(3)
Grammar Review	44	(1)
Using the Internet	44	(1)
Preparing to Write	44	(1)
Choosing a Point of View	44	(1)
Writing	45	(1)
Writing Assignment 2: Point of View	45	(1)
More Reading and Writing	46	(5)
Reading: The Great Surprise	46	(2)
Mary Kay Mackin
This essay was written by Mary Kay Mackin, who teaches ESL at the University of New Orleans. She tells the story of how she surprised everyone by winning a poetry racital
Reading: From Wings of the Morning	48	(2)
Orestes Lorenzo
Orestes Lorenzo was born in Cuba in 1956. Disillusioned with Communism, he decided to escape to the United States. In December 1992, he flew a MIG-23 from Santa Clara, Cuba, to a naval air station near Key West, Florida. He describes the events that happened just after he landed his plane at the naval air base
Topics for Discussion and Writing	50	(1)
Describing	51	(19)
Theme: Important Places	51	(1)
Goals	51	(1)
Getting Started	52	(1)
Journal Writing: An Important Place	52	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Martha's Vineyard	52	(1)
One popular vacation place in the United States is Cape Cod, an area in south-eastern Massachusetts. This video clip describes two islands off Cape Cod that are well-known for their history as well as their beauty
Reading	53	(2)
Reading: Our Cottage	53	(2)
Renata Strakova
This essay was written by Renata Strakova when she was a student in an ESL class. In it, she describes her beautiful and peaceful vacations at her family's cottage
Preparing to Write	55	(7)
Writing about a Place in the Past	55	(1)
Focusing on a Dominant Impression	55	(1)
Supporting with Descriptive Details	56	(4)
Organizing by Spatial Arrangement	60	(2)
Writing	62	(1)
Writing Assignment 1: Descriptive	62	(1)
Using Language Effectively	63	(3)
Cohesion: Connecting Words for Description	63	(2)
Grammar Review	65	(1)
Using the Internet	65	(1)
Preparing to Write	66	(1)
Writing about a Place in the Present	66	(1)
Writing	67	(1)
Writing Assignment 2: Descriptive	67	(1)
More Reading and Writing	68	(2)
Reading: From Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China	68	(1)
Jung Chang
In this reading, Jung Chang describes the middle school she attended in Sichuan province, China, in 1964, when she was twelve years old
Topics for Discussion and Writing	69	(1)
Analyzing Reasons (Causes)	70	(27)
Theme: People and Their Behavior	70	(1)
Goals	70	(1)
Getting Started	71	(1)
Journal Writing: A Person I Admire	71	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Educator Awards	71	(1)
Many teachers care about their students' lives, not just their school work. The video concerns a music teacher who won an award for his special talents
Reading	72	(3)
Reading: From A Celebration of Teachers	74	(1)
Kristin Hunter
Kristin Hunter writes about her aunt, a teacher who influenced her and whom she admired
Preparing to Write	75	(7)
Focusing on a Main Idea	75	(1)
Analyzing Reasons	75	(1)
Supporting with Details	76	(2)
Supporting with Examples	78	(2)
Distinguishing between Generalization and Support	80	(1)
Organizing by Points	81	(1)
Writing	82	(2)
Writing Assignment 1: Analyzing Reasons	82	(2)
Using Language Effectively	84	(4)
Cohesion: Connecting Words to Indicate Examples	84	(1)
Cohesion: Connecting Words to Indicate Reasons or Causes	85	(1)
Cohesion: Pronoun Consistency	86	(1)
Grammar Review	87	(1)
Using the Internet	88	(1)
Preparing to Write	88	(3)
Explaining Your Points	88	(2)
Outlining Your Points	90	(1)
Writing	91	(2)
Writing Assignment 2: Analyzing Reasons	91	(2)
More Reading and Writing	93	(4)
Reading: Teenagers and Stress	94	(2)
David Inman
In this article, high-school teens discuss various sources of stress in their lives and its effects on them
Topics for Discussion and Writing	96	(1)
Analyzing Processes	97	(20)
Theme: Living with Computers	97	(1)
Goals	97	(1)
Getting Started	98	(1)
Journal Writing: How to Do a Simple Operation on a Computer	98	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Cyber College Counsel	98	(1)
This video describes a helpful computer system called ISIS (Integrated Student Information Service), which is used by students at the University of Florida
Reading	99	(3)
Reading: OPAC at the Earl K. Long Library	99	(3)
Hsin--Chuan Chen
This essay was written by Hsin-Chuan Chen when he was a student in an ESL class. It is about an online library catalog system when he was a student in an ESL class
Preparing to Write	102	(6)
Analyzing a Process	102	(1)
Supporting with a Process	102	(2)
Focusing on a Main Idea	104	(1)
Introducing the Process	104	(2)
Organizing by Chronological Order	106	(2)
Using Language Effectively	108	(4)
Cohesion: Connecting Words for Process Analysis	108	(3)
Grammar Review	111	(1)
Using the Internet	111	(1)
Writing: Analyzing a Process	112	(2)
Writing Assignment	112	(2)
More Reading and Writing	114	(3)
Reading: Map Your Tongue	114	(2)
Eric Haseltine
This article about the different types of taste buds in your mouth was written by Eric Haseltine and published in the magazine Discover in February 2000
Topics for Discussion and Writing	116	(1)
Comparing and Contrasting	117	(26)
Theme: Education	117	(1)
Goals	117	(1)
Getting Started	117	(2)
Journal Writing: Two Aspects of My Education	118	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Home School College	118	(1)
The Video Tells about the Experience of some home-schooled students who are attending Piedmont College in Georgia
Reading	119	(3)
Reading: Notes from an American School	120	(2)
Artyom Aslanyan
Artyom Aslanyan, a ninth grader at Moscow School No. 20, describes his month-long educational exchange at an American school. It was published in Soviet Life in August, 1989
Preparing to Write	122	(4)
Focusing on a Main Idea	122	(2)
Choosing Comparable Items	124	(1)
Finding Points of Comparison	124	(2)
Organizing by Points	126	(1)
Writing	126	(2)
Writing Assignment 1: Comparing and Contrasting	126	(2)
Using Language Effectively	128	(6)
Cohesion: Connecting Words for Comparison and Contrast	128	(5)
Grammar Review	133	(1)
Using the Internet	133	(1)
Preparing to Write	134	(2)
Contrasting ``Then'' and ``Now''	134	(2)
Organizing by Subjects	136	(1)
Writing	136	(1)
Writing Assignment 2: Comparing and Contrasting	136	(1)
More Reading and Writing	137	(6)
Reading: Literacy Around the World	139	(2)
These accounts were written by three adults who recently became literate. They appeared in various publications and were circulated by UNESCO. The adults describe how their lives changed since they learned how to read
Topics for Discussion and Writing	141	(2)
Classifying	143	(27)
Theme: The Media	143	(1)
Goals	143	(1)
Getting Started	144	(1)
Journal Writing: My Favorite Kind of Movie	144	(1)
CNN Video Activity: Magazine Wars	144	(1)
One type of magazine that is very popular in the U.S. is the kind that has stories about famous people, especially movie and television celebrities. This video clip describes three magazines that belong to this group
Reading	145	(4)
Reading: The Magazine Industry	147	(2)
Shirley Biagi
This reading is taken from Media Impact, a textbook on the media. Shirley Biagi discusses how modern magazines target specific audiences
Preparing to Write	149	(9)
Finding a Principle of Classification	149	(6)
Introducing the Categories	155	(2)
Supporting the Categories	157	(1)
Using Language Effectively	158	(7)
Cohesion: Connecting Words for Classification	158	(3)
Cohesion: Repetition of Key Ideas	161	(2)
Grammar Review	163	(1)
Using the Internet	163	(2)
Writing	165	(2)
Writing Assignment: Classifying	165	(2)
More Reading and Writing	167	(3)
Reading: Types of Newspapers in Ivory Coast	167	(2)
Ledja Sylvie Amon
In this essay, Ledja Sylvie Amon compares government-sponsored newspapers with independent newspapers
Topics for Discussion and Writing	169	(1)
Evaluating Effects	170	(31)
Theme: Technology	170	(1)
Goals	170	(1)
Getting Started	171	(1)
Journal Writing: The Effects of an Invention	171	(1)
CNN Video Activity: On-Line Privacy	171	(1)
One popular feature of computers is the ability to send and receive electronic mail. This video clip explains, however, that our e-mail messages are not always private---even after we delete them
Reading	172	(4)
Reading: Privacy and the Computer	174	(2)
Edward E. Dolan
This reading is taken from a chapter in a book entitled Your Privacy: Protecting It in a Nosy World. The author demonstrates that information stored on a computer is not as private as you may think it is
Preparing to Write	176	(12)
Evaluating Effects	176	(2)
Expanding a Paragraph into an Essay	178	(3)
The Parts of an Essay	181	(1)
The Thesis Statement	182	(1)
The Introduction	183	(3)
The Support	186	(1)
The Conclusion	186	(2)
Writing	188	(1)
Writing Assignment 1: Essay Evaluating Effects	188	(1)
Using Language Effectively	189	(2)
Cohesion: Connecting Words to Connect Paragraphs	189	(2)
Grammar Review	191	(1)
Using the Internet	191	(1)
Preparing to Write	191	(3)
Outlining an Essay	191	(3)
Writing	194	(1)
Writing Assignment 2: Essay Evaluating Effects	194	(1)
More Reading and Writing	195	(6)
Reading: Kid Finder	195	(4)
Suzanne Kantra Kirschner
This article first appeared in Popular Science in 2001. It describes a computerized child-tracking device called the Leonie
Reading: High-Tech Relic Hunting	199	(1)
Michael Carroll
This article first appeared in Popular Science in 2001. Written by Michael Carroll, it tells about how archaeologists are using sound waves to detect artifacts buried underground
Topics for Discussion and Writing	200	(1)
Appendices	201	(69)
A. Map of the World	202	(2)
B. Strategies for Getting Ideas	204	(5)
Brainstorming	204	(1)
Making a List	204	(1)
Drawing a Sketch	205	(1)
Freewriting	206	(1)
Making a Venn Diagram	206	(1)
Clustering	207	(2)
C. Grammar Review--Coordinates with the chapters as indicated:
C-1 Chapter 1	209	(1)
Clauses	209	(1)
Independent Clauses	209	(1)
Coordinators	210	(1)
The Semicolon	211	(1)
Transitional Words	212	(3)
Dependent Clauses	215	(1)
Subordinators	216	(2)
Summary of Connecting Words and Their Punctuation	218	(3)
C-2 Chapter 2	221	(1)
Verb Tenses	221	(1)
Past Tense for Narrating	221	(2)
Simple Present Tense for Explaining	223	(2)
Used To and Would	225	(1)
Adverbial Clauses of Time	225	(3)
C-3 Chapter 3	228	(1)
Verb Tenses	228	(1)
Past Tenses for Past Description	228	(1)
Simple Present Tense for Present Description	228	(2)
Sentence Structures for Location	230	(1)
There + Be	230	(2)
Adverb/Verb/Subject	232	(1)
Subject-Verb Agreement	232	(4)
C-4 Chapter 4	236	(1)
Verb Tenses	236	(1)
Present Perfect Tense	236	(1)
Consistency of Verb Tenses	237	(3)
Adjective Clauses	240	(3)
C-5 Chapter 5	243	(1)
Passive Voice	243	(2)
Gerunds and Infinitives	245	(6)
C-6 Chapter 6	251	(1)
Comparative Forms	251	(3)
Correlative Conjunctions	254	(1)
Run-on Sentences	255	(1)
Comma Splices	256	(3)
C-7 Chapter 7	259	(1)
Parallel Structure	259	(1)
Sentence Fragments	260	(3)
C-8 Chapter 8	263	(1)
Adverbial Clauses of Result	263	(2)
Reduced Adverbial Clauses	265	(1)
D. Irregular Verb Forms	266	(4)
Glossary	270	(4)
Index	274