Developing the Curriculum

by Oliva, Peter F.; Gordon, William R., II

• ISBN13: 9780132627511
• ISBN10: 0132627515
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2019-12-07
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

In this practical resource, pre- and in-service educational administrators get step-by-step guidance in every aspect of the curriculum development process-from the underlying principles and concepts to the roles of school personnel, the components of the process, technology in curriculum and instruction, and the most up-to-date curriculum issues. An all-new chapter on The Digital Classroomgives readers a look at how technology is changing the classroom environment and helps them understand the new trends that allow today's students to compete successfully in today's global workplace. Included are numerous references to both historic and contemporary works that provide readers with an excellent synthesis of the principles and practices used to create an effective curriculum.

Author Biography

Peter F. Oliva, formerly professor and chairperson at Southern Illinois University, Florida International University, and Georgia Southern University, is author of numerous articles in education journals and several textbooks and is co-author of Supervision for Today’s Schools, now in its 8^th ed. He has served as a high school teacher, guidance counselor, and as a professor of education at the University of Florida, University of Mississippi, Indiana State University, and the University of Hawaii. He has taught summer sessions at Portland State College (Oregon), Miami University (Ohio), and Western Michigan University. He has also served as part-time instructor supervising interns at the University of Central Florida. He has traveled extensively on educational and/or governmental programs in Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America. Developing the Curriculum has been translated into Mandarin, Vietnamese, and Korean.

 

William R. Gordon II has served as a teacher and administrator in Orange County Florida Public Schools for the past twenty-seven years. He began his administrative career at University High School twenty years ago as a founding member of the school. Additionally, he was an assistant principal at Glenridge Middle School, Metro West Elementary School, and Bonneville Elementary School before becoming principal at Killarney Elementary School. He then moved to the principalship of Winter Park High School. Under his eleven-year tenure at Winter Park High School the school was consistently named by the State of Florida as a “High-Performing School” due to the school’s rigorous curriculum and outstanding student achievement. Also, U.S. News and World Report repeatedly ranked Winter Park High School in the top one percent of high schools in the nation. He currently serves as the Executive Area Director for the East Learning Community where he is responsible for managing thirty-eight K-12 public schools.

 

Table of Contents

The Curriculum: Theoretical Dimensions	p. 1
Curriculum and Instruction Defined	p. 2
Conceptions of Curriculum	p. 2
Relationships Between Curriculum and Instruction	p. 7
Curriculum as a Discipline	p. 10
Curriculum Specialists	p. 13
Summary	p. 15
Questions for Discussion	p. 16
Exercises	p. 16
Website	p. 16
Endnotes	p. 16
Principles Of Curriculum Development	p. 18
Clarification of Terms	p. 18
Types of Curriculum Developers	p. 19
Sources of Curriculum Principles	p. 20
Types of Principles	p. 21
Ten Axioms	p. 22
Summary	p. 32
Questions for Discussion	p. 32
Exercises	p. 33
Website	p. 33
Endnotes	p. 33
Curriculum Development: Role of School Personnel	p. 35
Currriculam Planning: A Multilevel, Multisector Process	p. 36
Illustrations of Curriculum Decisions	p. 36
Levels of Planning	p. 38
Sectors of Planning	p. 40
Curriculum Efforts at the Various Levels	p. 41
Sectors Beyond the State	p. 56
Summary	p. 64
Questions for Discussion	p. 64
Exercises	p. 65
Organizations	p. 65
Websites	p. 65
Endnotes	p. 66
Currriculam Planning: The Human Dimension	p. 68
The School as a Unique Blend	p. 68
The Cast of Players	p. 71
The Curriculum Leader and Group Process	p. 80
Summary	p. 99
Questions for Discussion	p. 99
Exercises	p. 100
Websites	p. 100
Endnotes	p. 100
Curriculum Development: Components of the Process	p. 103
Models For Curriculum Development	p. 104
Selecting Models	p. 104
Models of Curriculum Development	p. 106
Summary	p. 116
Questions for Discussion	p. 116
Exercises	p. 117
Websites	p. 117
Endnotes	p. 117
Philosophy and Aims of Education	p. 118
Using the Proposed Model	p. 118
Aims of Education	p. 119
Philosophies of Education	p. 128
Formulating a Philosophy	p. 140
Examples of Educational Philosophies	p. 141
Summary	p. 144
Questions for Discussion	p. 145
Exercises	p. 145
Websites	p. 145
Multimedia	p. 145
Endnotes	p. 145
Data-Driven Decision Making	p. 149
Our Ever-Changing World	p. 149
Categories of Needs	p. 151
A Classification Scheme	p. 151
Needs of Students: Levels	p. 153
Needs of Students: Types	p. 154
Needs of Society: Levels	p. 156
Needs of Society: Types	p. 160
Needs Derived from the Subject Matter	p. 163
Conducting a Needs Assessment	p. 165
Steps in the Needs Assessment Process	p. 168
Summary	p. 169
Questions for Discussion	p. 169
Exercises	p. 170
Websites	p. 170
Endnotes	p. 170
Curriculam Goals, Objectives, and Products	p. 172
Hierarchy of Outcomes	p. 172
Defining Goals and Objectives	p. 175
Locus of Curriculum Goals and Objectives	p. 176
State Curriculum Goals	p. 178
School-District Curriculum Goals	p. 179
Individual School Curriculum Goals and Objectives	p. 180
Constructing Statements of Curriculum Goals	p. 180
Constructing Statements of Curriculum Objectives	p. 181
Validating and Determining Priority of Goals and Objectives	p. 182
Tangible Products	p. 184
Curriculum Guides, Courses of Study, and Syllabi	p. 185
Resource Unit	p. 189
Sources of Curriculum Materials	p. 193
Summary	p. 194
Questions for Discussion	p. 194
Exercises	p. 194
Websites	p. 195
Multimedia	p. 95
Endnotes	p. 195
Organizing and Implementing The Curriculam	p. 197
Necessary Decisions	p. 197
K-12 Systems, Structures, Programs, and Practices	p. 199
The Elementary School	p. 200
The Schools for Young Adolescents	p. 207
The Senior High School	p. 214
Concurrent Programs and Practices	p. 228
The Call to Reform	p. 232
Summary	p. 238
Questions for Discussion	p. 239
Exercises	p. 239
ASCD Smartbrief	p. 239
Journalsl/Newpapers
Reports	p. 239
Websites	p. 240
Multimedia	p. 240
Endnotes	p. 240
Instructional Goals and Objectives	p. 246
Planning for Instruction	p. 246
Instructional Goals and Objectives Defined	p. 248
The Use of Behavioral Objectives	p. 249
Guidelines for Preparing Instructional Goals and Objectives	p. 252
Classification Systems	p. 256
Rules for Writing	p. 259
Validating and Determining Priority of Instructional Goals and Objectives	p. 263
Summary	p. 264
Questions for Discussion	p. 265
Exercises	p. 265
Website	p. 265
Multimedia265
Endnotes	p. 265
Selecting and Implementing Strategies of Instruction	p. 268
Deciding on Instructional Strategies	p. 268
Sources of Strategies	p. 270
Styles of Teaching	p. 274
Styles of Learning	p. 275
Models of Teaching	p. 277
Teaching Skills	p. 279
Teaching: Art or Science?	p. 281
Organizing for Instruction	p. 281
Presentation of Instruction	p. 287
Individualized Versus Group Instruction	p. 288
Summary	p. 291
Questions for Discussion	p. 291
Exercises	p. 291
Websites	p. 292
Multimedia	p. 292
Podcast	p. 292
Endnotes	p. 292
Evaluevating Instruction	p. 295
Assessing Instruction	p. 295
An Era of Assessment	p. 297
Stages of Planning for Evaluation	p. 299
Norm-Referenced Measurement and Criterion-Referenced Measurement	p. 301
Evaluation in Three Domains	p. 303
Performance-Based Assessment	p. 308
Assessment Initiatives from Beyond the Classroom	p. 310
Summary	p. 316
Questions for Discussion	p. 317
Exercises	p. 317
Action Tool	p. 317
Professional
Inquiry Kits	p. 317
Websites	p. 318
Multimedia	p. 318
Endnotes	p. 318
Evaluvating the Curricullam	p. 321
Purposes and Problems of Curriculum Evaluation	p. 321
Delimiting Evaluation	p. 324
Evaluation Models	p. 326
Eight Concepts of Curriculum Construction	p. 327
Comprehensive Model	p. 344
The Curriculum Model with Types of Evaluation	p. 350
Standards for Evaluation	p. 351
Summary	p. 352
Questions for Discussion	p. 353
Exercises	p. 353
Websites	p. 354
Multimedia	p. 354
Endnotes	p. 354
Curriculum Development: Technology in Curriculum and Instruction	p. 357
Digital Curriculam	p. 358
New Opportunities	p. 358
Changing World	p. 359
Current Trends	p. 362
Computer-Based Assessments	p. 366
Another Forum	p. 367
Digital Citizenship	p. 367
Summary	p. 369
Questions For Discussion	p. 369
Exercises	p. 370
Websites	p. 370
Online Resources	p. 370
Endnotes	p. 370
Curriculum Development: Issues in Curriculum Development	p. 373
Current Curriculum Issues	p. 374
Current Curriculum Issues	p. 374
Improvements Needed for Curriculum Reform	p. 429
Summary	p. 432
Questions For Discussion	p. 433
Exercises	p. 433
Endnotes	p. 433
Appendix Resources for Further Research	p. 443
Bibliography	p. 448
Credits	p. 489
Name Index	p. 491
Subject Index	p. 495
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