The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence

by Berger, Kathleen Stassen

• ISBN13: 9780716770503
• ISBN10: 0716770504
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-10-19
• Publisher: Worth Publishers

Summary

Edition after edition, Kathleen Stassen Berger'sThe Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescencere-emerges as the ideal textbook for the chronologically-organized development coursea perennial bestseller that always provides an authoritative portrait of the field, carefully crafted learning tools, and a narrative style and emphasis on cultural contexts that make the material relevant to its broad student audience. The new edition continues that tradition, incorporating the latest research, while providing deeper consideration of the impact of diversity on development, and a new generation of media tools.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Part I The Beginnings
Introduction	5	(30)
Defining Development	5	(1)
Five Characteristics of Development	6	(12)
Multidirectional	7	(1)
Multicontextual	8	(2)
Multicultural	10	(1)
Multidisciplinary	11	(2)
Plasticity	13	(1)
A Case to Study: My Nephew David	14	(1)
The Person Within the Contexts	15	(1)
Issues and Applications: ``My Name Wasn't Mary''	16	(2)
Developmental Study as a Science	18	(10)
Observation	18	(2)
The Experiment	20	(1)
The Survey	21	(1)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Ethnicity, Race, Culture, and Income	22	(1)
The Case Study	23	(1)
Studying Change Over Time	23	(4)
The Ecological-Systems Approach: A Synthesis	27	(1)
Cautions from Science	28	(7)
Correlation and Causation	28	(1)
Quantity and Quality	29	(1)
Ethics	30	(5)
Theories of Development	35	(30)
What Theories Do	35	(1)
Grand Theories	36	(22)
Psychoanalytic Theory	37	(3)
Behaviorism	40	(3)
Thinking Like a Scientist: What's a Mother For?	43	(3)
Cognitive Theory	46	(3)
Emergent Theories	49	(1)
Sociocultural Theory	49	(3)
Epigenetic Theory	52	(4)
In Person: My Beautiful, Hairless Babies	56	(2)
What Theories Contribute	58	(7)
The Nature-Nurture Controversy	58	(1)
Theoretical Perspectives on Hyperactivity and Homosexuality	59	(6)
Heredity and Environment	65	(32)
The Genetic Code	65	(5)
What Genes Are	65	(2)
The Beginnings of Life	67	(2)
Issues and Applications: Too Many Boys?	69	(1)
From One Cell to Many	70	(9)
New Cells, New Functions	70	(1)
Gene-Gene Interactions	71	(3)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Genetic Diversity	74	(1)
Twins and Clones	75	(2)
In Person: Enhancing Fertility	77	(2)
From Genotype to Phenotype	79	(6)
Exploring Genotype--Phenotype Interaction	79	(1)
Psychopathology	80	(1)
Addiction	81	(2)
Visual Acuity	83	(1)
Practical Applications	84	(1)
Chromosomal and Genetic Abnormalities	85	(12)
Not Exactly 46 Chromosomes	86	(1)
Single-Gene Disorders	87	(4)
Genetic Testing and Counseling	91	(6)
Prenatal Development and Birth	97	(34)
From Zygote to Newborn	97	(7)
Germinal: The First 14 Days	97	(2)
Embryo: From the Third Through the Eighth Week	99	(1)
Fetus: From the Ninth Week Until Birth	100	(4)
Risk Reduction	104	(13)
Determining Risk	105	(3)
Specific Teratogens	108	(2)
Issues and Applications: Should the Government Protect Fetuses from AIDS and Alcohol?	110	(2)
Knowledge and Responsibility	112	(1)
A Case to Study: ``What Do People Live to Do?''	113	(1)
A Case to Study: ``What Did That Say About Me?''	114	(1)
Low Birthweight	115	(2)
The Birth Process	117	(14)
The Newborn's First Minutes	118	(1)
Variations	119	(2)
Birth Complications	121	(2)
Mothers, Fathers, and a Good Start	123	(8)
Part II The First Two Years: Infants and Toddlers
The First Two Years: Biosocial Development	131	(34)
Body Changes	131	(7)
Body Size	131	(2)
A Case to Study: Toni's Well-Child Visit	133	(1)
Sleep	134	(4)
Brain Development	138	(8)
Connections in the Brain	138	(3)
Experience Enhances the Brain	141	(3)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Plasticity and Orphans	144	(2)
The Senses and Motor Skills	146	(8)
Sensation and Perception	149	(1)
Motor Skills	149	(4)
In Person: The Normal Berger Daughters	153	(1)
Public Health Measures	154	(11)
Immunization	155	(2)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome	157	(2)
Nutrition	159	(6)
The First Two Years: Cognitive Development	165	(26)
Sensorimotor Intelligence	165	(7)
Stages One and Two: Primary Circular Reactions	166	(1)
Stages Three and Four: Secondary Circular Reactions	167	(1)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Object Permanence Revisited	168	(1)
Stages Five and Six: Tertiary Circular Reactions	169	(1)
Piaget and Research Methodology	170	(2)
Information Processing	172	(6)
Affordances	172	(3)
Memory	175	(3)
Language: What Develops in Two Years?	178	(13)
The Universal Sequence	178	(2)
The Language Explosion and Early Grammar	180	(2)
Theories of Language Learning	182	(5)
A Note for Caregivers	187	(4)
The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development	191	(32)
A Case to Study: Parents on Autopilot	192	(1)
Emotional Development	192	(4)
The First Year	192	(1)
The Second Year	193	(3)
Theories About Infant Psychosocial Development	196	(7)
Psychoanalytic Theory	196	(1)
Behaviorism	197	(1)
Cognitive Theory	198	(1)
Epigenetic Theory	198	(2)
Sociocultural Theory	200	(3)
The Development of Social Bonds	203	(12)
Synchrony	203	(2)
Thinking Like a Scientist: The Still-Face Technique	205	(1)
Attachment	206	(4)
Social Referencing	210	(2)
Infant Day Care	212	(3)
Conclusions in Theory and Practice	215	(8)
A Practical Approach for Toni	216	(1)
A Practical Approach for Jacob	216	(7)
Part III The Play Years
The Play Years: Biosocial Development	223	(30)
Body Changes	223	(4)
Growth Patterns	223	(2)
Eating Habits	225	(2)
Brain Development	227	(7)
Speed of Thought	227	(2)
Planning and Analyzing	229	(2)
Emotions and the Brain	231	(3)
Motor Skills and Hazards	234	(7)
Gross Motor Skills	234	(1)
Fine Motor Skills	235	(2)
Avoidable Injuries	237	(3)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Pool Fences Required?	240	(1)
Child Maltreatment	241	(12)
Maltreatment Noticed and Defined	242	(1)
Warning Signs of Maltreatment	243	(2)
A Case to Study: The Neglect of Neglect	245	(1)
Consequences of Maltreatment	246	(1)
Three Levels of Prevention, Again	247	(6)
The Play Years: Cognitive Development	253	(32)
Piaget: Children as Thinkers	254	(3)
Obstacles to Logical Operations	254	(1)
Conservation and Logic	255	(1)
Limitations of Piaget's Research	256	(1)
Vygotsky: Children as Learners	257	(4)
Children as Apprentices	258	(1)
Language as a Tool	259	(2)
Children's Theories	261	(5)
Theory-Theory	262	(1)
Theory of Mind	263	(3)
Language	266	(9)
Vocabulary	267	(1)
In Person: Fast-Mapping: Mommy the Brat	268	(2)
Grammar	270	(1)
Learning Two Languages	271	(4)
Early-Childhood Education	275	(10)
Child-Centered Programs	275	(3)
Teacher-Directed Programs	278	(1)
Intervention Programs	279	(1)
Quality Matters	280	(5)
The Play Years: Psychosocial Development	285	(40)
Emotional Development	285	(10)
Initiative Versus Guilt	286	(2)
Emotional Regulation	288	(4)
Cognition and Emotions	292	(3)
Play	295	(5)
Rough-and-Tumble Play	296	(1)
Creativity	297	(1)
Aggression	298	(2)
Parents	300	(11)
Parenting Style	301	(3)
Punishment	304	(2)
Issues and Applications: Planning Punishment	306	(1)
The Challenge of Media	307	(4)
Becoming Boys and Girls	311	(14)
The Development of Gender Awareness	311	(1)
Theories of Gender Differences	312	(1)
In Person: Berger and Freud	313	(5)
Conclusion: Gender and Destiny	318	(7)
Part IV The School Years
The School Years: Biosocial Development	325	(32)
A Case to Study: Two Hispanic Children: Typical or Unique?	326	(1)
A Healthy Time	327	(6)
Size and Shape	327	(1)
Overweight Children	328	(3)
Chronic Illness	331	(2)
Brain Development	333	(10)
Advances in Middle Childhood	333	(2)
Motor Skills	335	(1)
Issues and Applications: Not Enough Places to Play	336	(3)
Measuring the Mind	339	(4)
Children with Special Needs	343	(14)
A Case to Study: Billy: Dynamo or Dynamite?	343	(1)
Developmental Psychopathology	344	(1)
Pervasive Developmental Delays	345	(2)
Learning Disabilities	347	(2)
Attention-Deficit Disorders	349	(2)
Educating Children with Special Needs	351	(6)
The School Years: Cognitive Development	357	(38)
Building on Piaget and Vygotsky	357	(9)
Logical Principles	358	(2)
The Same in Every Nation?	360	(2)
Moral Development	362	(4)
Information Processing	366	(8)
Memory	367	(2)
Control Processes	369	(1)
Metacognition	370	(1)
The Pragmatics of Language	371	(3)
Teaching and Learning	374	(21)
Around the World	375	(2)
Assessment	377	(3)
Curriculum Wars and Assumptions	380	(2)
In Person: When Did You Learn Tsunami?	382	(7)
Culture and Education	389	(6)
The School Years: Psychosocial Development	395	(36)
The Peer Group	395	(11)
The Culture of Children	396	(3)
Variations in Social Acceptance	399	(3)
Bullies and Their Victims	402	(2)
Issues and Applications: Can Bullying Be Stopped?	404	(2)
Families and Children	406	(10)
Children Need Families	406	(1)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Shared and Nonshared Environments	407	(2)
Families Are Not the Same	409	(3)
Sources of Trouble for Families	412	(3)
Issues and Applications: Divorce and Remarriage	415	(1)
The Nature of the Child	416	(3)
Psychoanalytic Theory	417	(1)
Research on Middle Childhood	417	(2)
Coping and Overcoming	419	(12)
Resilience and Stress	419	(4)
Social Support and Religious Faith	423	(8)
Part V Adolescence
Adolescence: Biosocial Development	431	(34)
Puberty Begins	432	(7)
Hormones	433	(2)
The Timing of Puberty	435	(3)
Too Early, Too Late	438	(1)
The Transformations of Puberty	439	(6)
Bigger and Stronger	439	(1)
Other Body Changes	440	(1)
Body Rhythms	441	(1)
A Case to Study: The Early Bird Is a Grown-Up	442	(1)
Sexual Maturation	443	(2)
Brain Development in Adolescence	445	(4)
Caution Versus Thrill Seeking	446	(2)
Connections: Some Faster, Some Lost, Some Enduring	448	(1)
Health Hazards	449	(16)
Injury and Death	450	(1)
Sex Too Early	450	(4)
Drug Use	454	(4)
Diet and Disease	458	(2)
A Case to Study: ``Too Thin, As If That's Possible''	460	(5)
Adolescence: Cognitive Development	465	(30)
Adolescent Egocentrism	465	(7)
Self-Important Thinking	466	(2)
In Person: Bethany and Jim	468	(1)
Teaching and Learning in Middle School	469	(3)
Thinking Processes During the Teen Years	472	(9)
Formal Operational Thought	472	(3)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Religious Freedom for All?	475	(1)
Intuitive, Emotional Thought	476	(5)
Teaching and Learning in High School	481	(6)
High-Stakes Testing	481	(2)
Student Motivation	483	(2)
Violence in Schools	485	(2)
Postformal Thought	487	(8)
Emotions and Logic	487	(1)
Cognitive Flexibility	488	(1)
Thinking Like a Scientist: Stereotype Threat	488	(1)
Teaching and Learning in College	489	(6)
Adolescence: Psychosocial Development	495
Identity	495	(10)
Multiple Selves	496	(1)
Paths to Identity	496	(2)
A Case to Study: ``Give Him a Break''	498	(1)
Arenas of Identity: Change and Progress	499	(6)
Social Support	505
Support from Adults	505	(4)
Peer Relationships	509	(1)
In Person: The Berger Women Have Weird Rituals	510	(4)
Teenage Sexual Activity	514	(6)
Sadness and Anger	520	(1)
Less Confidence	520	(5)
More Destruction	525	(2)
Conclusion	527
Appendix A Supplemental Charts, Graphs, and Tables	1	(1)
Appendix B More About Research Methods	1	(1)
Appendix C Suggestions for Research Assignments	1	(1)
Glossary	1	(1)
References	1	(1)
Name Index	1	(1)
Subject Index	1