Development of Auditory and Vestibular Systems-3: Molecular Development of the Inner Ear

by Romand; Varela-Nieto

• ISBN13: 9780121531577
• ISBN10: 0121531570
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-11-26
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

Thanks to advances in genetics and genomics, research on inner ear development has flourished. Better approaches and experimental models have shed light on the function of a variety of vertebrate genes and their related proteins. This latest volume of Current Topics in Developmental Biology delves into this new research to show how the discovery of more genes involved in the development of the inner ear leads to the generation of new models that examine a wealth of issues -- from the origins of human deafness to the roles of genes during inner ear induction, development and differentiation. The wide variety of experimental approaches will help readers to understand the broad range of issues related to inner ear morphogenesis and other concepts from complementary areas of investigation. This state-of-the-art overview will be essential reading for researchers, clinicians and students alike.

Table of Contents

Contributors	xiii
Foreword	xv
Introduction	xvii
1 Molecular Conservation and Novelties in Vertebrate Ear Development
B. Fritzsch and K.W. Beisel
I. Introduction	2	(2)
II. Overview of Ideas Related to Ear Evolution	4	(2)
III. Making the Ear: Implementing and Expanding Genes for Ear Morphogenesis	6	(5)
IV. Evolution of the Ear: Molecular Origin of Mechanosensory Cells Predates Formation of the Ear	11	(2)
V. Developmental Molecular Biology of Hair Cell and Sensory Neuron Formation	13	(9)
VI. Evolution of Sensory Neurons: Heterochronic Alteration of HLH Gene Regulation	22	(1)
VII. Guidance of Afferent Fibers: The Role of Hair Cells and Other Mechanisms Revisited	23	(6)
VIII. Survival of Afferents: Evolving a Novel Mechanism and Expanding it to Fit the Increasing Complexity of Ear Development	29	(4)
IX. Splitting Hair Cell and Neuron Populations: Coevolving Sensory Epithelia and Their Innervation	33	(1)
X. Summary and Conclusions: Evolving Developmental Mechanisms	34	(1)
Acknowledgments	35	(1)
References	35	(11)
2 Use of Mouse Genetics for Studying Inner Ear Development
Elizabeth Quint and Karen P. Steel
I. Introduction: The Genetic Revolution	46	(4)
II. Early Morphogenesis of the Inner Ear	50	(5)
III. Development of the Neuroepithelium	55	(20)
IV. Concluding Remarks	75	(1)
References	75	(10)
3 Formation of the Outer and Middle Ear, Molecular Mechanisms
Moisés Mallo
I. Introduction	85	(1)
II. Basic Anatomical and Embryological Overview	86	(3)
III. Genetic Determinants of Outer and Middle Ear Development	89	(18)
IV. Concluding Remarks	107	(1)
References	108	(8)
4 Molecular Basis of Inner Ear Induction
Stephen T. Brown, Kareen Martin, and Andrew K. Groves
I. Introduction	116	(2)
II. Inner Ear Induction in Fish	118	(9)
III. Inner Ear Induction in Amphibians	127	(1)
IV. Inner Ear Induction in Birds	128	(3)
V. Inner Ear Induction in Mammals	131	(4)
VI. Perspectives on Inner Ear Induction	135	(6)
VII. Conclusions	141	(1)
Acknowledgments	142	(1)
References	142	(10)
5 Molecular Basis of Otic Commitment and Morphogenesis: A Role for Homeodomain-Containing Transcription Factors and Signaling Molecules
Eva Bober, Silke Rinkwitz, and Heike Herbrand
I. Introduction	152	(1)
II. Patterning of the Inner Ear Anlagen	152	(10)
III. Transcription Factors and Diffusible Signals: A Complex Network	162	(3)
IV. Patterning and Morphogenesis	165	(5)
V. Conclusions	170	(1)
Acknowledgments	171	(1)
References	171	(7)
6 Growth Factors and Early Development of Otic Neurons: Interactions between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Signals
Berta Alsing, Fernando Giraldez, and Isabel Varela-Nieto
I. Introduction	178	(1)
II. Early Development of Cochlear (Auditory) and Vestibular Neurons	179	(8)
III. Extrinsic Factors in Inner Ear Neurogenesis: Fibroblast Growth Factor, Nerve Growth Factor, and
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Families of Growth Factors	187	(10)
IV. Conclusions	197	(1)
Acknowledgments	197	(1)
References	197	(11)
7 Neurotrophic Factors during Inner Ear Development
Ulla Pirvola and Jukka Ylikoski
I. Neurotrophic Factors	208	(1)
II. The Neurotrophin System	208	(9)
III. The Gual Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Family	217	(2)
IV. Conclusions	219	(1)
Acknowledgment	219	(1)
References	219	(6)
8 FGF Signaling in Ear Development and Innervation
Tracy J. Wright and Suzanne L. Mansour
I. Introduction	225	(7)
II. Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling in Ear Development	232	(19)
III. Conclusions and Future Directions	251	(1)
Acknowledgments	252	(1)
References	252	(10)
9 The Roles of Retinoic Acid during Inner Ear Development
Raymond Romand
I. Introduction	262	(1)
II. Metabolism of Retinoids and Their Receptors	263	(2)
III. Expression of Retinoic Acid Metabolic Enzymes and Receptors in the Developing Inner Ear	265	(4)
IV. Is Retinoic Acid Involved in Otic Placode Induction?	269	(2)
V. Retinoids as Morphogens during Early Embryogenesis	271	(7)
VI. Retinoic Acid and Patterning Genes during Inner Ear Development	278	(2)
VII. Retinoic Acid and Hair Cell Differentiation	280	(2)
VIII. Concluding Remarks	282	(1)
Acknowledgment	283	(1)
References	283	(11)
10 Haig Cell Development in Higher Vertebrates
Wei-Qiang Gao
I. Morphogenesis of the Mammalian Inner Ear	294	(1)
II. Control of Hair Cell Differentiation by Specific Genes	294	(16)
III. Production and Regeneration of New Hair Cells in Mature Inner Ears	310	(2)
IV. Conclusion	312	(3)
Acknowledgments	315	(1)
References	315	(7)
11 Cell Adhesion Molecules during Inner Ear and Hair Cell Development, Including Notch and Its Ligands
Matthew W. Kelley
I. Introduction	322	(1)
II. Adhesion Molecules	323	(7)
III. Adhesion Molecules and Development of the Inner Ear	330	(15)
IV. Summary	345	(1)
Acknowledgments	346	(1)
References	346	(12)
12 Genes Controlling the Development of the Zebrafisk Inner Ear and Hair Cells
Bruce B. Riley
I. Introduction	358	(1)
II. General Course of Zebrafisk Otic Development	359	(1)
III. Otic Induction	359	(8)
IV. Patterning of the Placode and Early Vesicle	367	(6)
V. Development of Sensory Epithelia	373	(5)
VI. Auditory and Vestibular Function	378	(2)
VII. "Conclusions and Prospects	380	(1)
References	381	(9)
13 Functional Development of Hair Cells
Ruth Anne Eatock and Karen M. Hurley
I. Introduction	390	(1)
II. Maturation of Function	390	(5)
III. Development of Mechanoelectrical Transduction	395	(11)
IV. Developmental Acquisition of Basolateral Ion Channels	406	(19)
V. Outer Hair Cell Electromotility	425	(2)
VI. Interactions between Developing Hair Cells and Innervating Nerve Fibers	427	(6)
VII. Summary and Concluding Remarks	433	(1)
Acknowledgments	434	(1)
References	434	(15)
14 The Cell Cycle and the Development and Regeneration of Hair Cells
Allen F. Ryan
I. Introduction	449	(1)
II. The Cell Cycle and the Regulation of Cell Proliferation	450	(3)
III. Hair Cell Development and Regeneration	453	(2)
IV. Cell Cycle Events during Hair Cell Development	455	(4)
V. The Cell Cycle during Hair Cell Regeneration	459	(3)
VI. Conclusions	462	(1)
Acknowledgments	462	(1)
References	463	(4)
Index	467	(16)
Contents of Previous Volumes	483