Development Beyond Neoliberalism?: Governance, Poverty Reduction and Political Economy

by DAVID ALAN CRAIG; Department o

• ISBN13: 9780415319591
• ISBN10: 0415319595
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-04-19
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Development's current focus - poverty reduction and good governance - signals a turn away from the older neoliberal preoccupation with structural adjustment, privatisation, and downsizing the state. For some, the new emphases on empowering and securing the poor through basic service delivery, local partnership, decentralisation and institution building constitute a decisive break with the past, and a whole set of new Development possibilities beyond neoliberalism. Taking a wider historical perspective, this book charts the emergence of poverty reduction and governance at the centre of Development. It shows that the Poverty Reduction paradigm does indeed mark a shift in the wider liberal project that has underpinned Development: precisely what is new, and what this means for how the poor are governed, are here described in detail. This book provides a compelling history of Development doctrine and practice, and in particular offers the first comprehensive account of the last 20 years, andDevelopment's shift towards a new political economy of institution building, decentralised governance and local partnerships. The story is illustrated with extensive case studies from first hand experience in Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand.

Table of Contents

List of illustrations	ix
Acknowledgements	x
Governing poverty: development beyond neoliberalism?	1	(30)
Development Reinvents Itself	1	(9)
Governance and the poor	7	(3)
This Book's Focus: (Neo-)Liberalism, Poverty Reduction and Governance	10	(11)
Part I: Liberal Development and governance from free trading to `neoliberal institutionalism'	10	(5)
Part II: Cases from Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand	15	(6)
This Book's Analysis: Political Economy, Polanyi, Liberal and Territorial Governance	21	(5)
Conclusions: Explaining Our Critical Stance	26	(5)
PART I Liberal Development and governance from free trading to `neoliberal institutionalism'
Historical hybrids of Liberal and other Development, c.1600-1990: markets, territory and security in Development retrospect	31	(32)
Liberalism and (British) Imperial Development in the Colonial Retrospectoscope	32	(10)
`A rough idea of the provinces'	37	(5)
The Quest for Freedom and Security	42	(12)
Bretton Woods, debtor adjustment and the Liberal establishment	44	(2)
The Truman doctrine	46	(3)
Rostow's retrospectoscope	49	(3)
Crisis and the legitimating turn	52	(2)
Financial Crisis and the Rise of Neoliberalism	54	(9)
Neoliberal institutionalism	59	(4)
The rise of governance since 1990: the capable state, poverty reduction and `inclusive' neoliberalism	63	(32)
Governing the New World (Liberal) Order, and its Peripheral Disorders	64	(11)
Crisis and re-embedding	64	(3)
Global Governance summitry	67	(1)
Disciplining the culprit	68	(1)
Finessing the MDB charters	69	(3)
Good Governance	72	(3)
Asian Currency Crisis and the Rise of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper	75	(14)
Into the crucible again	75	(2)
Ownership, Participatory Poverty Assessment and fixing the poor in places	77	(4)
The Poverty Reduction Strategy Initiative	81	(4)
PRSP's Development beyond neoliberalism?	85	(2)
Assessing PRSP	87	(2)
Third Way `Inclusive' Neoliberalism	89	(6)
Opportunity, plus responsibility equals community	91	(4)
Local institutions for poverty reduction? 1997-2005: re-imagining a joined-up, decentralized governance	95	(28)
From 1997 WDR to the Decentred But Capable State	97	(8)
A striking degree of unanimity	98	(3)
The transparent skeleton of the invisible hand	101	(2)
Decentring the State	103	(2)
The Governance Techniques of `inclusive' Neoliberalisms' Global and Local Reterritorialization	105	(11)
Decentralization resurgent	106	(2)
National-local governmental techniques for joined-up governance	108	(5)
Securing the new order	113	(3)
Governing the Poor	116	(7)
The Accountability Triangle	117	(1)
Conclusions	118	(5)
PART II Cases from Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand	123	(152)
Vietnam: framing the community, clasping the people	125	(30)
Introduction	125	(2)
Liberalization and the socialist state	127	(3)
PRAs and LDFs in the wider story of this book	130	(2)
PRA, Binding Binh Lam Commune to New York	132	(12)
Sensitivity, checking-in, the correct way	133	(2)
Clasping community, framing the project	135	(9)
Databases, Filtering and Sensitivity	144	(11)
Creating a `window of opportunity' for policy experimentation	145	(6)
The local planning process	151	(3)
Conclusions	154	(1)
Uganda: telescoping of reforms, local-global accommodation	155	(30)
Introduction	156	(3)
From the Politics of Revolutionary Command to the Technicalities of Good Governance	159	(3)
Reaching a global-local accommodation	159	(2)
Decentralization, a contemporary necessity	161	(1)
From the District Development Project to the Local Government Development Program	162	(9)
Embedding the DDP	165	(3)
The Fund begins	168	(2)
Evaluating the flagship	170	(1)
The Fall and Rise Again of DDP	171	(14)
Time for the programme to figure on wider stages	171	(1)
HIPC, PAF and the Uganda PRSP	172	(6)
What to do? Overreach further	178	(2)
DDP to LGDP, with SWAps, the MTEF and PRSP	180	(2)
Conclusions	182	(3)
Pakistan: a fortress of edicts	185	(32)
A hope, pinned on a hope	185	(3)
Introduction	188	(1)
Where Power Goes, the Law Follows	189	(8)
The construction of Territorial, executive power	190	(4)
Territorial power	194	(3)
Devolved Governance Meets Entrenched Patrimonial, Territorial Power	197	(12)
A most favoured pariah state	197	(2)
Pakistan's devolution project	199	(2)
Give us the facts: but don't open Pandora's Box	201	(1)
The three-cornered accountability framework	202	(2)
What did the Study find?	204	(5)
Marketized Service Delivery vs. Territorial Social Regulation	209	(8)
Stronger incentives to deal with Territorial power	210	(3)
Separations, power and social regulation	213	(1)
Conclusions	214	(3)
New Zealand: joining up governance after New Institutionalism	217	(32)
Poverty and Governance in New Zealand	220	(10)
The governmental revolution	222	(4)
The unravelling and reaction	226	(4)
Reform and Reaction on the Ground	230	(10)
Local resistance to NIE fragmentation	233	(3)
The Waitakere way and the `muffin economy'	236	(4)
The Third Way Inclusive Liberal Turn	240	(9)
Managing for outcomes	244	(1)
Conclusions	245	(4)
Conclusions: accountability and Development beyond neoliberalism?	249	(26)
Looking back, looking forward	250	(3)
Where to Now: Development Beyond Neoliberalism?	253	(5)
Scenario 1: Stronger strategic states making territorial (or market) tradeoffs	254	(1)
Scenario 2: Peripheralization	255	(3)
Vexed Accountabilities, and What to do About Them	258	(17)
Beyond narrow neoliberal political economies of opportunity	259	(3)
Empowerment	262	(3)
(Social) security with scarce resources	265	(4)
Smart re-politicizing?	269	(4)
Conclusions	273	(2)
List of abbreviations	275
Notes	211	(86)
Bibliography	297	(30)
Index	327