DEVELOPMENT BEYOND NEOLIBERALISM?: Governance, Poverty Reduction and Political Economy

by DAVID ALAN CRAIG; Department o

• ISBN13: 9780415319607
• ISBN10: 0415319609
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2006-04-19
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Development's current focus - poverty reduction and good governance - signals a turn away from the older neoliberal preoccupation with structural adjustment, privatisation, and downsizing the state. For some, the new emphases on empowering and securing the poor through basic service delivery, local partnership, decentralisation and institution building constitute a decisive break with the past, and a whole set of new Development possibilities beyond neoliberalism. Taking a wider historical perspective, this book charts the emergence of poverty reduction and governance at the centre of Development. It shows that the Poverty Reduction paradigm does indeed mark a shift in the wider liberal project that has underpinned Development: precisely what is new, and what this means for how the poor are governed, are here described in detail. This book provides a compelling history of Development doctrine and practice, and in particular offers the first comprehensive account of the last 20 years, andDevelopment's shift towards a new political economy of institution building, decentralised governance and local partnerships. The story is illustrated with extensive case studies from first hand experience in Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand.

Author Biography

David Craig works in the Sociology Department, The University of Auckland Doug Porter is with the Asian Development Bank

Table of Contents

List of illustrations	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. x
Governing poverty: development beyond neoliberalism?	p. 1
Development Reinvents Itself	p. 1
Governance and the poor	p. 7
This Book's Focus: (Neo-)liberalism, Poverty Reduction and Governance	p. 10
Liberal Development and governance from free trading to 'neoliberal institutionalism'	p. 10
Cases from Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand	p. 15
This Book's Analysis: Political Economy, Polanyi, Liberal and Territorial Governance	p. 21
Conclusions: Explaining Our Critical Stance	p. 26
Liberal Development and governance from free trading to 'neoliberal institutionalism'
Historical hybrids of Liberal and other Development, c.1600-1990: markets, territory and security in Development retrospect	p. 31
Liberalism and (British) Imperial Development in the Colonial Retrospectoscope	p. 32
'A rough idea of the provinces'	p. 37
The Quest for Freedom and Security	p. 42
Bretton Woods, debtor adjustment and the Liberal establishment	p. 44
The Truman doctrine	p. 46
Rostow's retrospectoscope	p. 49
Crisis and the legitimating turn	p. 52
Financial Crisis and the Rise of Neoliberalism	p. 54
Neoliberal institutionalism	p. 59
The rise of governance since 1990: the capable state, poverty reduction and 'inclusive' neoliberalism	p. 63
Governing the New World (Liberal) Order, and its Peripheral Disorders	p. 64
Crisis and re-embedding	p. 64
Global Governance summitry	p. 67
Disciplining the culprit	p. 68
Finessing the MDB charters	p. 69
Good Governance	p. 72
Asian Currency Crisis and the Rise of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper	p. 75
Into the crucible again	p. 75
Ownership, Participatory Poverty Assessment and fixing the poor in places	p. 77
The Poverty Reduction Strategy Initiative	p. 81
PRSP's Development beyond neoliberalism?	p. 85
Assessing PRSP	p. 87
Third Way 'Inclusive' Neoliberalism	p. 89
Opportunity, plus responsibility equals community	p. 91
Local institutions for poverty reduction? 1997-2005: re-imagining a joined-up, decentralized governance	p. 95
From 1997 Wdr to the Decentred But Capable State	p. 97
A striking degree of unanimity	p. 98
The transparent skeleton of the invisible hand	p. 101
Decentring the State	p. 103
The Governance Techniques of 'Inclusive' Neoliberalisms' Global and Local Reterritorialization	p. 105
Decentralization resurgent	p. 106
National-local governmental techniques for joined-up governance	p. 108
Securing the new order	p. 113
Governing the Poor	p. 116
The Accountability Triangle	p. 117
Conclusions	p. 118
Cases from Vietnam, Uganda, Pakistan and New Zealand	p. 123
Vietnam: framing the community, clasping the people	p. 125
Introduction	p. 125
Liberalization and the socialist state	p. 127
PRAs and LDFs in the wider story of this book	p. 130
Pra, Binding Binh Lam Commune to New York	p. 132
Sensitivity, checking-in, the correct way	p. 133
Clasping community, framing the project	p. 135
Databases, Filtering and Sensitivity	p. 144
Creating a 'window of opportunity' for policy experimentation	p. 145
The local planning process	p. 151
Conclusions	p. 154
Uganda: telescoping of reforms, local-global accommodation	p. 155
Introduction	p. 156
From the Politics of Revolutionary Command to the Technicalities of Good Governance	p. 159
Reaching a global-local accommodation	p. 159
Decentralization, a contemporary necessity	p. 161
From the District Development Project to the Local Government Development Program	p. 162
Embedding the DDP	p. 165
The Fund begins	p. 168
Evaluating the flagship	p. 170
The Fall and Rise Again of DDP	p. 171
Time for the programme to figure on wider stages	p. 171
HIPC, PAF and the Uganda PRSP	p. 172
What to do? Overreach further	p. 178
DDP to LGDP, with SWAps, the MTEF and PRSP	p. 180
Conclusions	p. 182
Pakistan: a fortress of edicts	p. 185
A hope, pinned on a hope	p. 185
Introduction	p. 188
Where Power Goes, the Law Follows	p. 189
The construction of Territorial, executive power	p. 190
Territorial power	p. 194
Devolved Governance Meets Entrenched Patrimonial, Territorial Power	p. 197
A most favoured pariah state	p. 197
Pakistan's devolution project	p. 199
Give us the facts: but don't open Pandora's Box	p. 201
The three-cornered accountability framework	p. 202
What did the Study find?	p. 204
Marketized Service Delivery vs. Territorial Social Regulation	p. 209
Stronger incentives to deal with Territorial power	p. 210
Separations, power and social regulation	p. 213
Conclusions	p. 214
New Zealand: joining up governance after New Institutionalism	p. 217
Poverty and Governance in New Zealand	p. 220
The governmental revolution	p. 222
The unravelling and reaction	p. 226
Reform and Reaction on the Ground	p. 230
Local resistance to NIE fragmentation	p. 233
The Waitakere way and the 'muffin economy'	p. 236
The Third Way Inclusive Liberal Turn	p. 240
Managing for outcomes	p. 244
Conclusions	p. 245
Conclusions: accountability and Development beyond neoliberalism?	p. 249
Looking back, looking forward	p. 250
Where to Now: Development Beyond Neoliberalism?	p. 253
Stronger strategic states making territorial (or market) tradeoffs	p. 254
Peripheralization	p. 255
Vexed Accountabilities, and What to Do About Them	p. 258
Beyond narrow neoliberal political economies of opportunity	p. 259
Empowerment	p. 262
(Social) security with scarce resources	p. 265
Smart re-politicizing?	p. 269
Conclusions	p. 273
List of abbreviations	p. 275
Notes	p. 277
Bibliography	p. 297
Index	p. 327
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