Development, Trade, and the WTO : A Handbook

by Hoekman, Bernard M.; Mattoo, Aaditya; English, Philip

• ISBN13: 9780821349977
• ISBN10: 082134997X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-06-01
• Publisher: World Bank

Summary

"Developing countries are increasingly confronted with the need to address trade policy related issues in international agreements, most prominently the World Trade Organization (WTO). New WTO negotiations on a broad range of subjects were launched in November 2001. Determining whether and how international trade agreements can support economic development is a major challenge. Stakeholders in developing countries must be informed on the issues and understand how their interests can be pursued through international cooperation.This handbook offers guidance on the design of trade policy reform, surveys key disciplines and the functioning of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and discusses numerous issues and options that confront developing countries in using international cooperation to improve domestic policy and obtain access to export markets. Many of the issues discussed are also relevant in the context of regional integration agreements.Includes two CD-ROMs: CD-ROM 1 with 'A Dataset on Trade and Production, 1976-99' by Alessandro Nicita and Marcelo Olarreaga; and CD-ROM 2 with 'Applied Trade Policy for Developing Countries: Outline, Content, and Readings for a Short Course' by Jaime de Melo and Marc Bacchetta."

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi
A Tribute to J. Michael Finger	xiii
Acknowledgments	xix
Contributors	xxi
Abbreviations	xxiii
Introduction	xxvii
Part I Trade Policy Reform in Context	1	(38)
Trade Policy Reform as Institutional Reform	3	(8)
Dani Rodrik
Economywide Dimensions of Trade Policy and Reform	11	(6)
Kym Anderson
Exchange Rate Overvaluation and Trade Protection	17	(7)
Howard J. Shatz
David G. Tarr
Fiscal Dimensions of Trade Liberalization	24	(4)
Liam Ebrill
Janet Stotsky
Reint Gropp
Trade Policies for Poverty Alleviation	28	(11)
L. Alan Winters
Part II The World Trade Organization	39	(54)
The WTO: Functions and Basic Principles	41	(9)
Bernard Hoekman
Reciprocity in the WTO	50	(11)
J. Michael Finger
L. Alan Winters
WTO Accession	61	(10)
Constantine Michalopoulos
Developing Countries and the WTO Dispute Settlement System	71	(10)
Valentina Delich
The Adequacy of WTO Dispute Settlement Remedies: A Developing Country Perspective	81	(12)
Robert E. Hudec
Part III Selected Trade Policies Affecting Merchandise Trade	93	(120)
Market Access Issues and the WTO: An Overview	97	(8)
Sam Laird
Tariff Peaks and Preferences	105	(9)
Marcelo Olarreaga
Francis Ng
Rules of Origin and Trade Preferences	114	(8)
Luis Jorge Garay S.
Rafael Cornejo
Nonpreferential Rules of Origin and the WTO Harmonization Program	122	(6)
Stefano Inama
Customs Valuation and Customs Reform	128	(11)
Vinod Rege
Trade Facilitation: Improving the Invisible Infrastructure	139	(10)
Brian Rankin Staples
Industrial Policy and Developing Countries	149	(11)
Mari Pangestu
Export Development Policies and Institutions	160	(11)
Philip English
Luc De Wulf
Trade-Related Investment Measures	171	(8)
Bijit Bora
Local Content Policies: Australia's Experience with Automobiles	179	(7)
Garry Pursell
Implementing the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing	186	(9)
Hanaa Kheir-El-Din
Safeguards: Making Sense of GATT/WTO Provisions Allowing for Import Restrictions	195	(11)
J. Michael Finger
Dealing with U.S. Trade Laws: Before, During, and After	206	(7)
Gary N. Horlick
Eleanor Shea
Part IV Developing Countries and Negotiations on Trade in Services	213	(134)
Liberalization of Trade in Services in Developing Countries	221	(14)
James Hodge
The Magnitude of Flows of Global Trade in Services	235	(12)
A. Maurer
P. Chauvet
Quantifying Barriers to Trade in Services	247	(12)
Robert M. Stern
The GATS: Key Features and Sectors	259	(21)
Rudolf Adlung
Antonia Carzeniga
Bernard Hoekman
Masamichi Kono
Aaditya Mattoo
Lee Tuthill
Negotiating Improved Market Access Commitments	280	(10)
Aaditya Mattoo
Domestic Regulations and Liberalization of Trade in Services	290	(14)
Carlo Gamberale
Aaditya Mattoo
Movement of Natural Persons and the GATS Major Trade Policy Impediments	304	(11)
Rupa Chanda
Electronic Commerce, the WTO, and Developing Countries	315	(11)
Catherine L. Mann
Completing the GATS Framework: Safeguards, Subsidies, and Government Procurement	326	(10)
Pierre Sauve
Regional Liberalization of Trade in Services: Experiences in the Americas	336	(11)
Sherry M. Stephenson
Francisco Javier Prieto
Part V Technology and Intellectual Property	347	(66)
International Technology Transfer and Economic Development	351	(8)
Kamal Saggi
Implementing the TRIPS Agreement	359	(10)
Jayashree Watal
Benefiting from Intellectual Property Protection	369	(13)
Keith E. Maskus
Proprietary Protection of Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge	382	(8)
Arvind Subramanian
Cultural Industries and Intellectual Property Rights	390	(13)
Frank J. Penna
Coenraad J. Visser
Trademarks, Geographical Indications, and Developing Countries	403	(10)
Carsten Fink
Beata K. Smarzynska
Part VI ``Behind-the-Border'' and Regulatory Issues	413	(70)
Multilateral Disciplines and Government Procurement	417	(11)
Simon J. Evenett
Standards, Regulation, and Trade: WTO Rules and Developing Country Concerns	428	(11)
John S. Wilson
Multilateral Disciplines and National Investment Policies	439	(8)
Bernard Hoekman
Kamal Saggi
Trade, Competition, and the WTO	447	(9)
Peter Holmes
Merger and Anticartel Policies in an Era of Integrating Markets	456	(7)
Simon J. Evenett
Trade and Labor: Text, Institutions, and Context	463	(9)
Simon Tay
Environmental Regulation and the WTO	472	(11)
Veena Jha
Part VII The Trading System and Developing Countries	483	(34)
Developing Countries: Turning Participation into Influence	485	(8)
Diana Tussie
Miguel F. Lengyel
Implementation of WTO Commitments: The Development Challenge	493	(11)
J. Michael Finger
Philip Schuler
Special and Differential Treatment	504	(5)
T. Ademola Oyejide
Trade-Related Capacity Building for Enhanced African Participation in the Global Economy	509	(8)
David F. Luke
Part VIII Trade Policy Questions and Guidelines	517	(42)
Rules of Thumb for Trade Policy	519	(7)
Constantine Michalopoulos
Maurice Schiff
David G. Tarr
Arguments for and against Uniform Tariffs	526	(9)
David G. Tarr
Formula Approaches to Reciprocal Tariff Liberalization	535	(5)
Arvind Panagariya
Binding Tariffs: Why Do It?	540	(8)
Joseph F. Francois
Will Martin
Benefiting from Regional Integration	548	(11)
Bernard Hoekman
Maurice Schiff
Appendixes	559	(34)
A Patterns of Trade and Protection: Selected Country Data	561	(24)
Francis Ng
B Trade Indicators and Indices	585	(4)
Francis Ng
C A Dataset on Trade and Production, 1976--99	589	(4)
Alessandro Nicita
Marcelo Olarreaga
Glossary of Trade-Related Terms	593	(12)
Bibliography	605	(24)
Index	629