Differential Diagnosis and Management for the Chiropractor : Protocols and Algorithms

by Souza, Thomas A.

• ISBN13: 9780763732202
• ISBN10: 0763732206
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-08-06
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett

Summary

The third edition of this best selling reference maintains its goal of helping the practitioner evaluate a patient's complaint in the contest of a chiropractor's scope of practice

Author Biography

Thomas A. Souza, DC, DACBSP, is Dean of Clinics at the Palmer-West Chiropractic College in San Jose, California

Table of Contents

Ackowledgments	xi
Introduction	xiii
PART I Musculoskeletal Complaints
General Approach to Musculoskeletal Complaints	3	(42)
Context	3	(1)
General Strategy	4	(4)
History	8	(12)
Examination	20	(6)
Management	26	(16)
Appendix 1--1	42	(1)
Appendix 1--2	42	(2)
Appendix 1--3	44	(1)
Neck and Neck/Arm Complaints	45	(32)
Context	45	(1)
General Strategy	46	(5)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	51	(2)
Evaluation	53	(7)
Management	60	(8)
Selected Causes of Cervical Spine Pain	68	(4)
Appendix 2--1	72	(3)
Neck Diagnosis Table	75	(2)
Temporomandibular Complaints	77	(12)
Context	77	(1)
General Strategy	77	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	78	(1)
Evaluation	79	(3)
Management	82	(4)
Selected TMJ Disorders	86	(2)
Appendix 3--1	88	(1)
Thoracic Spine Complaints	89	(16)
Context	89	(1)
General Strategy	89	(1)
Relevant Anatomy	90	(1)
Biomechanics	91	(1)
Evaluation	92	(3)
Management	95	(4)
Selected Disorders of the Thoracic Spine	99	(3)
Appendix 4--1	102	(1)
Thoracic Diagnosis Table	103	(2)
Scoliosis	105	(22)
Context	105	(1)
General Strategy	105	(1)
Idiopathic Scoliosis Etiology	106	(1)
Evaluation	107	(8)
Management	115	(4)
Summary	119	(4)
Appendix 5--1	123	(4)
Lumbopelvic Complaints	127	(48)
Context	127	(1)
General Strategy	128	(1)
Relevant Anatomy, Physiology, and Biomechanics	128	(3)
Evaluation	131	(16)
Management	147	(10)
Selected Disorders of the Low Back	157	(9)
Appendix 6-1	166	(5)
Low Back Diagnosis Table	171	(4)
Shoulder Girdle Complaints	175	(46)
Context	175	(1)
General Strategy	176	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	177	(2)
Evaluation	179	(14)
Management	193	(9)
Selected Disorders of the Shoulder	202	(12)
Appendix 7--1	214	(4)
Shoulder Diagnosis Table	218	(3)
Elbow Complaints	221	(20)
Context	221	(1)
General Strategy	221	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	222	(1)
Evaluation	223	(5)
Management	228	(4)
Selected Disorders of the Elbow	232	(5)
Appendix 8--1	237	(1)
Elbow and Forearm Diagnosis Table	238	(3)
Wrist and Forearm Complaints	241	(26)
Context	241	(1)
General Strategy	241	(2)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	243	(1)
Evaluation	244	(7)
Management	251	(3)
Selected Disorders of the Wrist and Forearm	254	(11)
Appendix 9--1	265	(2)
Finger and Thumb Complaints	267	(28)
Context	267	(1)
General Strategy	267	(1)
Relevant Clinical Anatomy	268	(1)
Evaluation	269	(4)
Management	273	(7)
Selected Disorders of the Finger, Thumb, and Hand	280	(9)
Appendix 10--1	289	(2)
Wrist and Hand Diagnosis Table	291	(4)
Hip, Groin, and Thigh Complaints	295	(26)
Context	295	(1)
General Strategy	295	(1)
Relevant Anatomy	296	(2)
Evaluation	298	(5)
Management	303	(4)
Selected Disorders of the Hip, Groin, and Thigh	307	(10)
Appendix 11--1	317	(1)
Hip Pain Diagnosis Table	318	(3)
Knee Complaints	321	(48)
Context	321	(1)
General Strategy	322	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	323	(2)
Evaluation	325	(11)
Management	336	(13)
Selected Disorders of the Knee	349	(13)
Appendix 12--1	362	(3)
Knee Diagnosis Table	365	(4)
Lower Leg Complaints	369	(12)
Context	369	(1)
General Strategy	369	(1)
Relevant Anatomy	370	(1)
Evaluation	370	(2)
Management	372	(3)
Selected Disorders of the Lower Leg and Posterior Heel	375	(4)
Appendix 13--1	379	(2)
Foot and Ankle Complaints	381	(40)
Context	381	(1)
General Strategy	381	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Biomechanics	382	(3)
Evaluation	385	(7)
Management	392	(12)
Selected Foot Disorders	404	(8)
Appendix 14--1	412	(2)
Foot/Ankle/Lower Leg Diagnosis Table	414	(7)
PART II Neurologic Complaints
Weakness	421	(18)
Context	421	(1)
General Strategy	421	(2)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	423	(1)
Evaluation	423	(6)
Management	429	(4)
Selected Neurologic and Muscular Diseases	433	(5)
Appendix 15--1	438	(1)
Numbness, Tingling, and Pain	439	(12)
Context	439	(1)
General Strategy	439	(2)
Relevant Anatomy	441	(1)
Evaluation	442	(5)
Management	447	(2)
Appendix 16--1	449	(1)
Appendix 16--2	449	(2)
Headache	451	(30)
Context	451	(1)
General Strategy	452	(2)
Theories of Causation of Primary Headaches	454	(7)
Management	461	(7)
Selected Headache Disorders	468	(4)
Appendix 17--1	472	(1)
Appendix 17--2	472	(5)
Headache Diagnosis Matrix	477	(4)
Dizziness	481	(24)
Context	481	(1)
General Strategy	481	(2)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	483	(1)
Evaluation	484	(6)
Management	490	(9)
Selected Causes of Vertigo	499	(3)
Appendix 18--1	502	(3)
Seizures	505	(16)
Context	505	(1)
General Strategy	506	(1)
Definitions and Classifications	506	(4)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	510	(1)
Evaluation	510	(2)
Management	512	(5)
Appendix 19--1	517	(1)
Appendix 19--2	517	(4)
PART III General Concerns
Depression	521	(10)
Context	521	(1)
General Strategy	521	(1)
Terminology and Classification	522	(2)
Evaluation	524	(1)
Management	525	(3)
Appendix 20--1	528	(1)
Appendix 20--2	528	(3)
Fatigue	531	(16)
Context	531	(1)
General Strategy	531	(1)
General Discussion	532	(1)
Evaluation	533	(2)
Management	535	(3)
Selected Disorders Presenting as Fatigue	538	(6)
Appendix 21--1	544	(3)
Fever	547	(6)
Context	547	(1)
General Strategy	548	(1)
Relevant Physiology	548	(1)
Hyperthermia	548	(1)
Evaluation	549	(2)
Management	551	(1)
Appendix 22--1	552	(1)
Sleep and Related Complaints	553	(10)
Context	553	(1)
General Strategy	553	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	554	(1)
Classification System	555	(1)
Evaluation	556	(1)
Management	557	(4)
Appendix 23--1	561	(1)
Appendix 23--2	561	(2)
Hypertension	563	(12)
Context	563	(1)
Relevant Physiology	563	(1)
General Strategy	564	(1)
Evaluation	564	(3)
Management	567	(5)
Appendix 24--1	572	(1)
Appendix 24--2	573	(2)
Lower Leg Swelling	575	(10)
Context	575	(1)
General Strategy	575	(1)
Relevant Physiology and Anatomy	575	(2)
Evaluation	577	(1)
Management	578	(2)
Selected Causes of Lower Leg Swelling	580	(3)
Appendix 25--1	583	(2)
Lymphadenopathy	585	(8)
Context	585	(1)
General Strategy	585	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	586	(1)
Evaluation	586	(1)
Management	587	(2)
Selected Causes of Lymphadenopathy	589	(2)
Appendix 26--1	591	(2)
Skin Problems	593	(10)
Context	593	(3)
General Strategy	596	(1)
Evaluation	597	(4)
Management	601	(1)
Appendix 27--1	601	(2)
Vaccination: A Brief Overview	603	(10)
Context	603	(4)
OPV (Polio)	607	(1)
MMR (Focus on Measles)	607	(1)
DPT (Focus on Pertussis)	607	(1)
Summary	608	(1)
Some Childhood Diseases	609	(2)
Appendix 28--1	611	(1)
Appendix 28--2	611	(2)
Weight Loss	613	(8)
Context	613	(1)
General Strategy	613	(1)
Relevant Physiology	614	(1)
Evaluation	614	(2)
Management	616	(3)
Appendix 29--1	619	(2)
Weight Gain/Obesity	621	(6)
Context	621	(1)
General Strategy	622	(1)
Evaluation	623	(1)
Management	623	(3)
Appendix 30--1	626	(1)
Appendix 30--2	626	(1)
Osteoporosis	627	(10)
Context	627	(1)
General Strategy	627	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	628	(1)
Evaluation	628	(3)
Management	631	(2)
Appendix 31--1	633	(4)
PART IV Gastrointestinal Complaints
Abdominal Pain	637	(28)
Context	637	(1)
General Strategy	637	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	638	(2)
Evaluation	640	(5)
Examination	645	(2)
Management	647	(4)
Selected Causes of Acute Abdominal Pain	651	(5)
Selected Causes of Recurrent Abdominal Pain	656	(6)
Appendix 32--1	662	(1)
Appendix 32--2	662	(3)
Constipation	665	(10)
Context	665	(1)
General Strategy	665	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	666	(1)
Evaluation	667	(2)
Management	669	(4)
Appendix 33--1	673	(2)
Diarrhea	675	(12)
Context	675	(1)
General Strategy	675	(3)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	678	(1)
Evaluation	678	(2)
Management	680	(3)
Appendix 34--1	683	(4)
PART V Genitourinary Complaints
Urinary Incontinence and Voiding Dysfunction	687	(12)
Context	687	(1)
General Strategy	687	(2)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	689	(1)
Evaluation	690	(1)
Management	691	(4)
Selected Causes of Voiding Dysfunction or Pain	695	(3)
Appendix 35--1	698	(1)
Appendix 35--2	698	(1)
Enuresis	699	(6)
Context	699	(1)
General Strategy	699	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	700	(1)
Evaluation	700	(1)
Management	701	(2)
Appendix 36--1	703	(2)
Vaginal Bleeding	705	(8)
Context	705	(1)
General Strategy	705	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	705	(1)
Evaluation	706	(1)
Management	706	(3)
Appendix 37--1	709	(4)
PART VI Cardiopulmonary Complaints
Syncope/Presyncope	713	(4)
Context	713	(1)
General Strategy	713	(1)
Relevant Physiology	713	(1)
Evaluation	714	(2)
Management	716	(1)
Appendix 38--1	716	(1)
Chest Pain	717	(18)
Context	717	(1)
General Strategy	717	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	717	(5)
Evaluation	722	(2)
Management	724	(2)
Selected Causes of Chest Pain	726	(8)
Appendix 39--1	734	(1)
Appendix 39--2	734	(1)
Palpitations	735	(10)
Context	735	(1)
General Strategy	735	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	736	(1)
Evaluation	736	(3)
Management	739	(3)
Possible Causes of Palpitations	742	(1)
Appendix 40--1	743	(2)
Dyspnea (Difficulty Breathing)	745	(16)
Context	745	(1)
General Strategy	745	(3)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	748	(1)
Evaluation	749	(2)
Management	751	(3)
Selected Causes of Dyspnea	754	(4)
Appendix 41--1	758	(1)
Appendix 41--2	758	(3)
Cough	761	(14)
Context	761	(1)
General Strategy	761	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	762	(1)
Evaluation	762	(2)
Management	764	(4)
Selected Causes of Cough	768	(2)
Appendix 42--1	770	(5)
PART VII Head and Face Complaints
Eye Complaints	775	(16)
Context	775	(1)
Review of General Terminology	775	(1)
General Strategy	776	(1)
Evaluation	777	(3)
Management	780	(4)
Selected Causes of Vision Loss	784	(4)
Appendix 43--1	788	(1)
Appendix 43--2	788	(3)
Facial Pain	791	(8)
Context	791	(1)
General Strategy	791	(1)
Relevant Neurology	792	(1)
Evaluation	792	(1)
Management	793	(3)
Facial Pain Caused by Neuralgias	796	(1)
Appendix 44--1	797	(2)
Ear Pain	799	(10)
Context	799	(1)
General Strategy	799	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	799	(1)
Evaluation	800	(1)
Management	801	(4)
Selected Causes of Ear Pain	805	(3)
Appendix 45--1	808	(1)
Appendix 45--2	808	(1)
Hearing Loss	809	(10)
Context	809	(1)
General Strategy	809	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	810	(1)
Evaluation	810	(2)
Management	812	(4)
Selected Causes of Hearing Loss	816	(1)
Appendix 46--1	817	(1)
Appendix 46--2	817	(2)
Tinnitus	819	(6)
Context	819	(1)
General Strategy	819	(1)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	819	(1)
Evaluation	820	(1)
Management	820	(3)
Appendix 47--1	823	(2)
Epistaxis (Nosebleed)	825	(2)
Context	825	(1)
General Strategy	825	(1)
Relevant Anatomy	825	(1)
Evaluation	826	(1)
Management	826	(1)
Appendix 48--1	826	(1)
Sore Throat	827	(6)
Context	827	(1)
General Strategy	827	(1)
Evaluation	828	(1)
Management	829	(1)
Appendix 49--1	830	(3)
PART VIII Special Conditions
Diabetes Mellitus	833	(12)
Context	833	(1)
General Strategy	834	(1)
Relevant Physiology	834	(2)
Evaluation	836	(2)
Management	838	(4)
Appendix 50--1	842	(1)
Appendix 50--2	842	(3)
Thyroid Dysfunction	845	(8)
Context	845	(1)
General Strategy	845	(1)
Relevant Physiology	846	(1)
Evaluation	846	(1)
Laboratory Testing and Management	847	(2)
Selected Thyroid Disorders	849	(3)
Appendix 51--1	852	(1)
Hyperlipidemia	853	(14)
Context	853	(1)
General Strategy	853	(1)
Relevant Physiology	854	(1)
Evaluation	854	(3)
Management	857	(8)
Appendix 52--1	865	(1)
Appendix 52--2	865	(2)
Anemia	867	(16)
Context	867	(1)
General Strategy	867	(2)
Relevant Physiology	869	(2)
Management	871	(4)
Selected Anemias	875	(3)
Appendix 53--1	878	(5)
PART IX Special Patient Groups
The Pediatric/Adolescent Patient	883	(50)
Context	883	(1)
General Strategy	883	(17)
Sports-related Issues in the Young Patient	900	(17)
A Region-based Approach to Complaints and Concerns of Patient/Parent	917	(12)
Appendix 54--1	929	(1)
Appendix 54--2	930	(3)
The Geriatric Patient	933	(28)
Context	933	(2)
General Strategy	935	(2)
Relevant Anatomy and Physiology	937	(3)
Evaluation	940	(4)
Focused Concerns	944	(11)
Specific Management Issues	955	(3)
Appendix 55--1	958	(1)
Appendix 55--2	958	(3)
The Female Patient	961	(68)
Context	961	(1)
General Strategy	962	(1)
Female Hormonal and Reproductive Physiology	963	(2)
Focused Issues	965	(25)
Appendix 56--1	990	(1)
Appendix 56--2	990	(3)
Appendix
Pharmacology for the Chiropractor: How Medications May Affect Patient Presentation and Management Outcomes	993	(34)
Concensus Document for the Operationally Defined Use of I.C.D. Codes: Palmer Chiropractic College West Clinics	1027	(2)
Index	1029