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Preface | p. xv |
About the Authors | p. xix |
Introduction to Image Processing and the Matlab“ Environment | |
Introduction | p. 1 |
What Is an Image? | p. 2 |
Digital Image Definitions: Theoretical Account | p. 2 |
Image Properties | p. 5 |
Signal-to-Noise Ratio | p. 5 |
Image Bit Resolution | p. 5 |
Matlab | p. 7 |
Why Matlab for Image Processing | p. 9 |
The Image Processing Toolbox in Matlab | p. 10 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 11 |
Sampling | p. 11 |
Noisy Image | p. 11 |
Bit Resolution | p. 12 |
Matlab Code | p. 13 |
Basic Steps | p. 13 |
Sampling | p. 14 |
Noisy Image | p. 14 |
Bit Resolution | p. 14 |
Summary | p. 15 |
Exericises | p. 16 |
Image Acquisition, Types, and File I/O | p. 19 |
Image Acquisition | p. 19 |
Cameras | p. 20 |
Image Types and File I/O | p. 23 |
Bitmap Format | p. 24 |
JPEG Format | p. 24 |
GIF Format | p. 24 |
TIFF Format | p. 25 |
Basics of Color Imges | p. 25 |
Other Color Spaces | p. 27 |
YIQ Color Space | p. 27 |
YCbCr Color Space | p. 28 |
HSV Color Space | p. 28 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 29 |
Image Conversions | p. 32 |
Matlab Code | p. 32 |
Summary of Image Types and Numeric | p. 36 |
Exercises | p. 38 |
Image Arithmetic | p. 39 |
Introduction | p. 39 |
Operator Basics | p. 39 |
Theoretical Treatment | p. 40 |
Pixel Addition | p. 40 |
Pixel Subtraction | p. 41 |
Pixel Multiplication and Scaling | p. 42 |
Pixel Division | p. 43 |
Blending | p. 43 |
Algorithmic Treatment | p. 44 |
Image Addition | p. 44 |
Image Subtraction/Multiplication/Division | p. 44 |
Image Blending and Linear Combinations | p. 46 |
Coding Examples | p. 48 |
Image Addition | p. 48 |
Image Subtraction | p. 50 |
Multiplying Images | p. 51 |
Dividing Images | p. 53 |
Image Blending and Linear Combinations | p. 54 |
Summary | p. 56 |
Exericises | p. 56 |
Affine and Logical Operations, Distortions, and Noise in Images | p. 59 |
Introduction | p. 59 |
Affine Operations | p. 59 |
Logical Operators | p. 62 |
Noise in Images | p. 65 |
Photon Noise | p. 66 |
Thermal Noise | p. 66 |
On-Chip Electronic Noise | p. 67 |
KTC Noise | p. 67 |
Amplifier Noise | p. 67 |
Quantization Noise | p. 67 |
Distortions in Images | p. 68 |
Linear Motion Blur | p. 68 |
Uniform Out-of-Focus Blur | p. 69 |
Atmospheric Turbulence Blur | p. 70 |
Scatter Blur | p. 70 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 70 |
Affine Operations | p. 70 |
Logical Operators | p. 72 |
Distortions and Noise | p. 74 |
Matlab Code | p. 75 |
Affine and Logical Operators | p. 76 |
Noise in Images | p. 77 |
Blur in Images | p. 78 |
Summary | p. 80 |
Exercises | p. 81 |
Image Transforms | p. 83 |
Introduction | p. 83 |
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in 2D | p. 84 |
Wavelet Transforms | p. 85 |
Hough Transform | p. 91 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 94 |
Fourier Transform | p. 94 |
Wavelet Transform | p. 94 |
Hough Transform | p. 94 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 95 |
Fourier Transform | p. 95 |
Wavelet Transform | p. 98 |
Hough Transform | p. 99 |
Summary | p. 99 |
Exerices | p. 100 |
Spatial and Frequency Domain Filter Design | p. 103 |
Introduction | p. 103 |
Spatial Domain Filter Design | p. 103 |
Convolution Operation | p. 104 |
Averaging/Mean Filter | p. 104 |
Median Filter | p. 105 |
Gaussian Smoothing | p. 108 |
Conservative Smoothing | p. 108 |
Frequency-Based Filter Design | p. 109 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 112 |
Spatial Filtering (Convolution Based) | p. 112 |
Spatial Filtering (Case Based) | p. 115 |
Frequency Filtering | p. 116 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 116 |
Summary | p. 120 |
Exercises | p. 120 |
Image Restoration and Blind Deconvolution | p. 123 |
Introduction | p. 123 |
Image Representation | p. 124 |
Deconvolution | p. 127 |
Algorthmic Account | p. 131 |
Lucy-Richardson Method | p. 132 |
Wiener Method | p. 132 |
Blind Deconvolution | p. 133 |
Matlab Code | p. 135 |
Summary | p. 136 |
Exercises | p. 137 |
Image Compression | p. 139 |
Introduction | p. 139 |
Image Compression-Decompression Steps | p. 140 |
Error Metrics | p. 141 |
Classifying Image Data | p. 142 |
Discrete Cosine Transform | p. 142 |
Bit Allocation | p. 143 |
Quantization | p. 145 |
Entropy Coding | p. 149 |
JPEG Compression | p. 149 |
JPEG's Algorithm | p. 150 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 151 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 152 |
Summary | p. 153 |
Exercises | p. 154 |
Edge Detection | p. 155 |
Introduction | p. 155 |
The Sobel Operator | p. 156 |
The Prewitt Operator | p. 158 |
The Canny Operator | p. 160 |
The Compass Operator (Edge Template Matching) | p. 161 |
The Zero-Crossing Detector | p. 163 |
Line Detection | p. 166 |
The Unsharp Filter | p. 167 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 168 |
Matlab Code | p. 170 |
Summary | p. 172 |
Exercises | p. 173 |
Binary Image Processing | p. 175 |
Introduction | p. 175 |
Dilation | p. 177 |
Erosion | p. 179 |
Opening | p. 179 |
Closing | p. 180 |
Thinning | p. 182 |
Thickening | p. 183 |
Skeletonization/Medial Axis Transform | p. 184 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 186 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 186 |
Summary | p. 190 |
Exerises | p. 190 |
Image Encryption and Watermarking | p. 193 |
Introduction | p. 193 |
Watermarking Methodology | p. 194 |
Basic Principle of Watermarking | p. 196 |
Problems Associated With Watermarking | p. 197 |
Attacks on Watermarks | p. 199 |
What Can Be Done? | p. 200 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 201 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 201 |
Summary | p. 203 |
Exericises | p. 204 |
Image Classification and Segmentation | p. 205 |
Introduction | p. 205 |
Supervised Classification | p. 206 |
Unsupervised Classification | p. 206 |
General Idea of Classification | p. 207 |
Common Intensity-Connected Pixel: Naïve Classifier | p. 208 |
Nearest Neighbor Classifier | p. 209 |
Mechanism of Operation | p. 211 |
Unsupervised Classification | p. 212 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 213 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 214 |
Summary | p. 218 |
Exrecises | p. 219 |
Image-Based Object Tracking | p. 221 |
Introduction | p. 221 |
Methodologies | p. 221 |
Background Subtraction | p. 223 |
Artifacts | p. 225 |
Temporal Difference Between Frames | p. 226 |
Gradient Difference | p. 226 |
Correlation-Bases Tracking | p. 227 |
Color-Based Tracking | p. 229 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 231 |
Matlab Code | p. 231 |
Summary | p. 239 |
Exericises | p. 40 |
Face Recognition | p. 241 |
Introduction | p. 241 |
Face Recognition Approaches | p. 241 |
Vector Representation | p. 242 |
Linear (Subspace) Analysis | p. 243 |
Principal Components Analysis | p. 244 |
Databases and Performance Evaluation | p. 244 |
Process Details | p. 46 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 249 |
Matlab“ Code | p. 250 |
Summary | p. 251 |
Exercises | p. 252 |
Soft Computing in Image Processing | p. 253 |
Introduction | p. 253 |
Fuzzy Logic in Image Processing | p. 255 |
Why Fuzzy Image Processing? | p. 256 |
Fuzzy Classifier | p. 258 |
Fuzzy Denoising | p. 261 |
Algorithmic Account | p. 263 |
Matlab Code | p. 263 |
Summary | p. 266 |
Excrises | p. 266 |
Bibliography | p. 269 |
Gossary | p. 275 |
Index | p. 283 |
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