Dimensional Analysis For Meds

by Curren, Anna M.

• ISBN13: 9781401878016
• ISBN10: 1401878016
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-08
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Discover the latest from best selling author Anna M. Curren! Add a dimension to your knowledge. With Curren's Dimensional Analysis for Meds, Third Edition, you find out just how easy it can be to calculate dosages correctly. No prior knowledge of calculation is necessary, as a building-block organization is employed to cover basic facts and tips regarding drug measures, reading medication labels, and syringe calibrations. Once competency is established, more complex concepts are presented, such as intravenous and pediatric calculations, as well as numerous opportunities to practice your new skills. A conversational style accompanies this effective learning progression, revealing Dimensional Analysis for Meds as simply the most effective tool for learning dosage calculations.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. x
Directions to the Student	p. xi
Refresher Math Pre-Test	p. xii
Refresher Math	p. 1
Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals	p. 3
Relative Value of Decimals	p. 3
Addition and Subtraction of Decimals	p. 7
Summary	p. 8
Summary Self Test	p. 8
Multiplication and Division of Decimals	p. 11
Multiplication of Decimals	p. 11
Division of Decimals	p. 12
Elimination of Decimal Points	p. 13
Reduction of Fractions	p. 14
Reduction of Numbers Ending in Zero	p. 15
Expressing to the Nearest Tenth	p. 16
Expressing to the Nearest Hundredth	p. 17
Summary	p. 18
Summary Self Test	p. 18
Solving Common Fraction Equations	p. 20
Whole Number Equations	p. 20
Decimal Fraction Equations	p. 23
Multiple Number Equations	p. 26
Summary	p. 28
Summary Self Test	p. 28
Introduction to Drug Measures	p. 31
Metric, International (SI) System	p. 33
Basic Units of the Metric/SI System	p. 33
Metric/SI Prefixes	p. 34
Metric/SI Abbreviations	p. 34
Variations of Metric/SI Abbreviations	p. 35
Metric/SI Notation Rules	p. 35
Conversion Between Metric/SI Units	p. 37
Common Errors in Metric/SI Dosages	p. 39
Summary	p. 40
Summary Self Test	p. 40
Additional Drug Measures: Unit, Percentage, Milliequivalent, Ratio, Apothecary, Household	p. 42
International Units (U)	p. 42
Percentage (%) Measures	p. 43
Milliequivalent (mEq) Measures	p. 43
Ratio Measures	p. 44
Apothecary and Household Measures	p. 45
Apothecary/Household Notations	p. 46
Apothecary/Household to Metric/SI Equivalents Table	p. 46
The Apothecary/Metric Conversion Clock	p. 47
Summary	p. 48
Summary Self Test	p. 48
Reading Medication Labels and Syringe Calibrations	p. 51
Reading Oral Medication Labels	p. 53
Tablet and Capsule Labels	p. 54
Tablet/Capsule Dosage Calculation	p. 57
Oral Solution Labels	p. 61
Measurement of Oral Solutions	p. 62
Summary	p. 64
Summary Self Test	p. 65
Hypodermic Syringe Measurement	p. 71
Standard 3 cc Syringe	p. 71
Safety Syringes	p. 75
Tuberculin Syringe	p. 77
Tubex and Carpuject Cartridges	p. 79
5, 6, 10, and 12 cc Syringes	p. 82
20 cc and Larger Syringes	p. 84
Summary	p. 86
Summary Self Test	p. 86
Reading Parenteral Medication Labels	p. 90
Reading Metric/SI Solution Labels	p. 91
Percent (%) and Ratio Solution Labels	p. 92
Solutions Measured in International Units (U)	p. 93
Solutions Measured as Milliequivalents (mEq)	p. 94
Summary	p. 95
Summary Self Test	p. 96
Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs	p. 107
Reconstitution of a Single Strength Solution	p. 107
Reconstitution of Multiple Strength Solutions	p. 109
Reconstitution from Package Insert Directions	p. 110
Summary	p. 112
Summary Self Test	p. 112
Measuring Insulin Dosages	p. 117
Types of Insulin	p. 117
U-100 Insulin and Syringes	p. 119
Lo-Dose Syringes	p. 119
1 cc Capacity Syringes	p. 121
Combining Insulin Dosages	p. 123
Summary	p. 125
Summary Self Test	p. 125
Medication Administration Systems	p. 129
Medication Administration Records	p. 131
Medication Record 1	p. 133
Medication Record 2	p. 135
Medication Record 3	p. 137
Medication Record 4	p. 139
Summary	p. 139
Medication Card Administration	p. 140
Reading Medication Cards	p. 140
Summary	p. 141
Summary Self Test	p. 141
Dosage Calculation Using Dimensional Analysis	p. 145
Dosage Calculation Using Dimensional Analysis	p. 147
The Basic DA Equation	p. 147
Equations Requiring Metric Conversions	p. 153
Summary	p. 156
Summary Self Test	p. 157
Dosage Calculation from Body Weight and Body Surface Area	p. 173
Adult and Pediatric Dosages Based on Body Weight	p. 175
Converting lb to kg	p. 175
Converting kg to lb	p. 176
Calculating Dosages from Drug Label Information	p. 177
Calculating Dosages from Drug Literature	p. 180
Summary	p. 183
Summary Self Test	p. 183
Adult and Pediatric Dosages Based on Body Surface Area	p. 189
Calculating BSA from kg and cm	p. 189
Calculating BSA from lb and in	p. 191
Dosage Calculation Based on BSA	p. 192
Assessing Orders Based on BSA	p. 193
Summary	p. 195
Summary Self Test	p. 195
Intravenous Calculations	p. 199
Introduction to IV Therapy	p. 201
Primary Line	p. 201
Secondary Line	p. 203
Volume Controlled Burettes	p. 205
Indwelling Infusion Ports/Intermittent Locks	p. 205
Electronic Infusion Devices (EID's)	p. 206
Electronic Rate Controllers	p. 206
Volumetric Pumps	p. 207
Horizon Nxt[superscript TM] Pump	p. 208
Syringe Pumps	p. 208
Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Devices	p. 209
Introduction to IV Fluids	p. 210
Determining Percentages in IV Fluids	p. 211
Parenteral Nutrition	p. 212
IV Medication Guidelines/Protocols	p. 212
Summary	p. 214
Summary Self Test	p. 215
IV Flow Rate Calculation	p. 217
IV Tubing Calibration	p. 217
Small Volume gtt/min Calculation	p. 218
Large Volume gtt/min Calculation from mL/hr Ordered	p. 221
Division Factor Method of Calculation	p. 222
Regulating Flow Rate	p. 225
Correcting Off-Schedule Rates	p. 225
Summary	p. 227
Summary Self Test	p. 228
Calculating IV Infusion and Completion Times	p. 230
Calculating from Volume and Hourly Rate Ordered	p. 230
Calculating Large Volume Infusion Time from gtt/min, Volume, and Set Calibration	p. 232
Calculating Small Volume Infusion Time from gtt/min, Volume, and Set Calibration	p. 234
Determining Infusion Completion Time	p. 236
Labeling Solution Bags/Bottles with Infusion Time	p. 238
Summary	p. 241
Summary Self Test	p. 242
IV Medication and Titration Calculations	p. 246
Calculating mL/hr Rate from Dosage Ordered	p. 247
Calculating gtt/min Rate from Dosage Ordered	p. 249
Calculating mL/hr Rate from Dosage per kg Ordered	p. 251
Calculating Dosage Infusing from Flow Rate	p. 253
Titration of Infusions	p. 255
Summary	p. 259
Summary Self Test	p. 260
Heparin Infusion Calculations	p. 263
Calculating mL/hr Flow Rate from U/hr Ordered	p. 263
Calculating gtt/min Flow Rate from U/hr Ordered	p. 265
Calculating U/hr Infusing from mL/hr Infusing	p. 267
Calculating U/hr Infusing from Solution Strength, Set Calibration, and gtt/min Rate	p. 269
Reading Heparin Labels and Preparing IV Solutions	p. 272
Summary	p. 274
Summary Self Test	p. 274
Pediatric Medication Calculations	p. 277
Pediatric Oral and Parenteral Medications	p. 279
Oral Medications	p. 279
IM and s.c. Medications	p. 281
Summary	p. 281
Summary Self Test	p. 282
Pediatric Intravenous Medications	p. 286
Methods of IV Medication Administration	p. 286
Medication Administration via Burette	p. 287
Comparing IV Dosages Ordered with Protocols	p. 291
Summary	p. 294
Summary Self Test	p. 295
Index	p. 299
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