Disposal Options for Ships

by Hess, Ronald W.; Rushworth, Denis; Hynes, Michael V.; Peters, John E.

• ISBN13: 9780833030146
• ISBN10: 0833030140
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-08-30
• Publisher: RAND Corporation

Summary

This book identifies and evaluates options for the disposal of U.S. Navy and U.S. Maritime Administration ships.

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
Figures	ix
Tables	xi
Summary	xiii
Acknowledgments	xxi
Acronyms and Abbreviations	xxiii
Introduction	1	(8)
Origins of the Inactive Fleet	3	(3)
Concerns About Navy Recycling	4	(1)
Environmental and Worker Safety Considerations	5	(1)
Cost-Effectiveness	6	(1)
Evaluating the Options	6	(3)
Long-Term Storage	9	(6)
The Costs of Preservation Maintenance	9	(3)
Major Concerns	12	(2)
Conclusions	14	(1)
Domestic Recycling	15	(26)
The Domestic Ship Recycling Industry	15	(5)
Industrial Capabilities	20	(1)
The Cost of a Domestic Recycling Program	21	(14)
Estimating the Cost of Dismantling	22	(2)
Accounting for Ship Complexity and Weight	24	(5)
Estimating the Error in the Recycling Cost	29	(1)
Conclusions on Estimating the Recycling Cost	29	(1)
Estimating Revenues from the Sale of Scrap and Reusable Equipment	30	(1)
Estimating Tow Preparation and Towing	31	(4)
Estimating Ship Storage Costs	35	(1)
Estimating the Error in the Tow, Storage, and Revenue Estimates	35	(1)
Domestic Recycling Cost Model	35	(2)
Navy and MARAD Budget Requirements	37	(2)
Conclusions	39	(2)
Overseas Recycling	41	(18)
The International Ship Recycling Industry	41	(13)
Three Potential Recyclers for U.S. Ships	43	(8)
The European Naval Role in the Ship Recycling Industry	51	(3)
Towing Ships to Overseas Recycling Sites	54	(2)
Impediments to Overseas Recycling	56	(2)
Conclusions	58	(1)
Reefing	59	(22)
The Demand for Artificial Reefs	60	(5)
Artificial Reefs for Promotion of Marine Life and Fishing Purposes	61	(1)
Artificial Reefs for Sport Diving	62	(2)
Other Uses	64	(1)
Adequacy of Demand for Artificial Reefs	65	(1)
Impediments to Reefing Programs	65	(5)
State and Federal Standards	66	(1)
U.S. Coast Guard Standards	66	(4)
Canadian Standards	70	(1)
Navy SINKEX Standards	70	(1)
The Cost of a Domestic Reefing Program	70	(7)
Estimating the Cost of Preparing Ships for Reefing	71	(3)
Estimating the Error in the Reef Preparation Cost	74	(1)
Estimating the Cost of a Reefing Program	74	(3)
The Economic Benefits of Artificial Reefs	77	(2)
Conclusions	79	(2)
Analyzing the Ship Disposal Options	81	(64)
Removal of the Overseas Recycling Option	81	(1)
Comparative Analysis of Remaining Three Options	81	(5)
Long-Term Storage	81	(2)
Domestic Recycling	83	(1)
Reefing	84	(2)
Conclusions	86	(1)
Recommendations	87	(2)
Appendix
A. The Fleet for Disposal	89	(24)
B. Estimating the Amount of Recyclable Materials and Wastes in Domestic Ship Recycling	113	(16)
C. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Vessels	129	(6)
D. Scrap Metal Prices	135	(8)
E. Cost-Revenue Spreadsheet Model	143	(2)
Bibliography	145