Preface | |
Acknowledgements | |
The study of diversity | |
The names of organisms | p. 1 |
Studying plant structure | p. 5 |
Characters | p. 7 |
The plant body: plant behaviour | |
Plants are different from animals | p. 24 |
The environment of plants | p. 33 |
Plant growth and behaviour | p. 36 |
The first land plants: patterns of diversity | |
Plant fossils | p. 55 |
Algal ancestors | p. 58 |
An early community of land plants | p. 59 |
Diversifying on land | p. 63 |
The axis and its appendages | p. 73 |
The age of gymnosperms: extinct seed plant groups | p. 78 |
Sex and dispersal: gametes, spores, seeds and fruits | |
The alternation of generations | p. 88 |
The sporophyte | p. 90 |
The gametophyte | p. 99 |
Heterothallism | p. 107 |
Seed plants: the ovule | p. 110 |
A classification of land plants | p. 130 |
Flowers: evolution and diversity | |
The evolution of angiosperms | p. 133 |
Cross pollination | p. 138 |
Breeding systems | p. 141 |
Evolutionary trends | p. 148 |
A review of angiosperms | p. 157 |
Trees: adaptations in woods and forests | |
Wood anatomy | p. 187 |
Tree architecture | p. 197 |
Leaves | p. 205 |
Bark and periderm | p. 208 |
Epiphytes | p. 210 |
Adaptive growth forms: the limiting physical environment | |
Water relations | p. 223 |
The bryophytes; non-vascular plants | p. 227 |
Gas relations | p. 234 |
Aquatic plants | p. 236 |
Nutrient relations | p. 242 |
Surviving environmental extremes | p. 255 |
Life forms | p. 257 |
Competition, herbivory and dispersal: the limiting biotic environment | |
Reproductive strategies | p. 263 |
Herbivory | p. 267 |
Dispersal | p. 279 |
Establishment | p. 287 |
A behavioural classification of plants | p. 287 |
Cultivated plants: conclusion | |
Exploited diversity, the uses of plants | p. 291 |
The genetic history of crops | p. 293 |
Future prospects | p. 294 |
Conclusion | p. 294 |
Glossary | p. 297 |
References | p. 316 |
Index | p. 327 |
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