Domain Modeling-Based Software Engineering

by Lu, Ruqian; Jin, Zhi

• ISBN13: 9780792378891
• ISBN10: 079237889X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-09-01
• Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub

Summary

Many approaches have been proposed to enhance software productivity and reliability. These approaches typically fall into three categories: the engineering approach, the formal approach, and the knowledge-based approach. The optimal gain in software productivity cannot be obtained if one relies on only one of these approaches. Thus, the integration of different approaches has also become a major area of research. No approach can be said to be perfect if it fails to satisfy the following two criteria. Firstly, a good approach should support the full life cycle of software development. Secondly, a good approach should support the development of large-scale software for real use in many application domains. Such an approach can be referred to as a five-in-one approach. The authors of this book have, for the past eight years, conducted research in knowledge-based software engineering, of which the final goal is to develop a paradigm for software engineering which not only integrates the three approaches mentioned above, but also fulfils the two criteria on which the five-in-one approach is based. Domain Modeling- Based Software Engineering: A Formal Approach explores the results of this research. Domain Modeling-Based Software Engineering: A Formal Approach will be useful to researchers of knowledge-based software engineering, students and instructors of computer science, and software engineers who are working on large-scale projects of software development and want to use knowledge-based development methods in their work.

Table of Contents

List of Figures	xi
List of Tables	xiii
Foreword	xv
Acknowledgments	xvii
Part I Introduction
Challenge of the Era	3	(22)
The Requirement Analysis Gap Revisited	3	(2)
The Formal Methods	5	(1)
The Knowledge Based Approaches	6	(2)
The KISSME Approach	8	(10)
Introducing the Domain Knowledge	8	(2)
The Knowledge based Formal Approach	10	(1)
Ontology based Domain Analysis	11	(1)
A Three-Layer Structure of Requirement Elicitation	11	(3)
Pre-Requirement Analysis	14	(2)
Automatic Generation of Software Architecture	16	(1)
Automation, Interaction and Evolution	17	(1)
The Knowledge Industry	18	(1)
The Eagle Projects and the PROMIS Tools	18	(4)
The Eagle I Project	18	(1)
The Eagle II Project	18	(2)
The Eagle III Project	20	(1)
The Eagle IV Project	20	(2)
Organization of the book	22	(3)
Part II Domain Analysis and Domain Modeling
Ontology-Oriented Domain Analysis: The Foundation	25	(48)
Domain Analysis and Domain Engineering	25	(4)
DADL: Ontology-Oriented External Domain Knowledge Representation	29	(7)
The Features of the Domain	30	(1)
The Activity Model	30	(1)
The Role Model	31	(1)
The Data Model	32	(3)
The Domain Flow Model	35	(1)
Ontology as Formal Knowledge Representation	36	(2)
Can Object-Oriented Paradigm Express the Domain Knowledge?	36	(1)
Need for Ontology	37	(1)
A General Framework of Information Ontology	38	(3)
A Mathematical Model for Ontology	41	(3)
The Architecture of Knowledge Models	44	(7)
The Design Principle of DOKB	44	(2)
Family of Knowledge Models	46	(5)
ONONET: The Internal Domain Model Representation	51	(2)
INFORM: A Framework of Ontologies and Objects for Information System Modeling	53	(11)
Basic Object Types in INFORM	53	(2)
Organizing the Basic Entities with Relations	55	(1)
The Basic Relation Types in INFORM	56	(2)
The Basic Ontologies in INFORM	58	(4)
An Example in INFORM	62	(2)
SHOP: A Domain Model of Shopping Centers	64	(4)
Historical Remarks on Ontology like Domain Knowledge Representation	68	(5)
Ontology-Oriented Domain Analysis: The Dynamics	73	(50)
A Theory of Domain Classification	74	(18)
Need for Domain Classification	74	(1)
Enterprise Constructs and Repertory Grids	74	(4)
Building Up the Repertory Grids	78	(3)
Classifying the Enterprises	81	(10)
Classifying the Attributes	91	(1)
Build Virtual Domain Models: A Genetic Approach	92	(12)
SONONET and Well-Formed Domain Models	104	(11)
Interactive Operation for Constructing Domain Models	115	(8)
Interactive Operation	116	(1)
Tools for Constructing Domain Models	117	(1)
Knowledge Base Browser	118	(5)
Part III The Knowledge based Software Development
Automating the Requirement Analysis	123	(44)
The Pseudo-Natural Language BIDL	123	(7)
The Motivation of BIDL	123	(1)
The Design of BIDL	124	(6)
Formalizing the Pseudo-Natural Languages	130	(4)
The Relational Grammar	130	(3)
Parsing Pseudo-Natural Language Texts based on Relational Grammars	133	(1)
Pseudo-Natural Language for Pre-Requirement Analysis	134	(3)
Requirement Acquisition from Texts	134	(1)
The Pre-Requirement Analysis and its Automation	135	(1)
Requirement Acquisition from Pseudo-Natural Language Texts: First Step of OORA	136	(1)
IS-net: Transformational Semantics of BIDL	137	(5)
Need for a Semantic Network Representation	137	(1)
Syntax and Semantics of IS-net	138	(4)
Interactive Knowledge Acquirer and Its Automation	142	(12)
INKAI: The PROMIS Knowledge Acquirer	142	(9)
Automated Construction of Interactive Knowledge Acquisition Interface	151	(3)
Historical Remarks on the Pseudo-Natural Language Understanding PNLU	154	(6)
Motivation for Introducing Pseudo-Natural Languages	154	(1)
The Basic Idea of PNLU	155	(3)
First Experiences in PNLU	158	(1)
Application of PNLU Techniques to Information Systems Modeling	158	(1)
An Assessment of the PNLU Approach	159	(1)
Historical Remarks on Semantic Network Representation	160	(3)
The Snetl Language	160	(2)
The CS-net Language	162	(1)
Historical Remarks on Knowledge Acquirers	163	(4)
OORA: Ontology Oriented Requirement Analysis	167	(34)
On Executable Specification	167	(1)
The Object-Oriented Analysis Revisited	168	(3)
Ontology Recognition and Clustering	171	(7)
The Procedure of Ontology Recognition and Clustering	171	(4)
A Detailed Example	175	(3)
Semantic Integrity of OORA	178	(8)
What do We Mean by Semantic Integrity?	178	(3)
The Small and the Grand BIDL	181	(1)
Scalability of the Target Information System	182	(1)
Completeness of the Target Information System	183	(1)
Consistency of the Target Information System	184	(1)
Normality of the Target Information System	185	(1)
Intelligence of the Target Information System	186	(1)
User Independent And User Dependent Models	186	(15)
Why User Dependent Models?	186	(1)
Strategy Library and User Model	187	(2)
Environment Model	189	(1)
Strategy Forest	189	(4)
The Case based UDM Generator	193	(2)
Make Use of Commonsense	195	(6)
Planning Software Architecture	201	(28)
Issues on Software Architecture and Architecture Description Languages	201	(8)
Motivation of Studying Software Architecture	201	(2)
Different Software Architecture	203	(4)
Architecture Description Languages	207	(2)
The Architecture Description Language NEWCOM	209	(8)
An Overview of NEWCOM	209	(1)
The Components of NEWCOM	210	(3)
The Connectors of NEWCOM	213	(2)
An NEWCOM Example	215	(1)
A Comparison of NEWCOM with Other Architecture Implementation Languages	216	(1)
Planning the Client Server Architecture	217	(7)
Planning the Intranet	224	(5)
Part IV The Virtual Enterprise
Intelligent Information Service	229	(40)
Motivation and Approaches	229	(2)
A Technical Basis: Processing the Fuzzy Information	231	(3)
The Architecture of PRINSE Data Warehouses	234	(3)
Hierarchical and Typed Model of Data Warehouse	234	(3)
Fuzzy Information Retrieval in Pseudo-Natural Language	237	(7)
Natural Style Query Language NQL	237	(2)
Query Language Interpreters	239	(1)
Query Answer Composers	240	(3)
Information Reporters	243	(1)
Data Warehouse Builder WARDER	243	(1)
Acquisition and Application of Temporal Knowledge	244	(8)
The TEMPO System	244	(1)
TKDL: A Language For Describing the Temporal Knowledge	245	(3)
TKCM: A Compiler for Integrating the Temporal Knowledge	248	(4)
Tendency Detection from Temporal Data	252	(15)
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery	252	(1)
Learning Fuzzy Decision Trees	253	(3)
Learning Fuzzy Decision Trees from Sequential and Incomplete Data	256	(11)
Other Functional Agents of PRINSE	267	(2)
Agents as Tendency Detector	267	(1)
Agents as Exception Handlers	268	(1)
Agents as Time Monitor	268	(1)
Software Reuse and System Evolution	269	(42)
Software Evolution versus Software Reuse	269	(3)
Software Reuse	269	(1)
Component Based and Knowledge Based Software Reuse	270	(1)
Software Evolution	271	(1)
Horizontal System Evolution	272	(10)
A General Schema of Software Reuse and Software Evolution in PROMIS	272	(2)
Program Evolution at BIDL Level	274	(6)
Program Evolution at NEWCOM Level	280	(2)
Vertical Software Evolution	282	(13)
Software Process as a Third Dimension of Software Evolution	282	(2)
Evolution of Software Process in PROMIS	284	(1)
Ontology as Software Process	285	(4)
Executable Software Process Ontology	289	(6)
Database Transformation	295	(5)
Meaning and Goals of Database Transformation	295	(2)
Data Warehouse Evolution	297	(3)
Evolution of Tools	300	(11)
Tool Evolution at BIDL Level	300	(4)
Tool Evolution at Semantic Network Representation Level	304	(1)
Evolution at Knowledge Base Level	305	(6)
Part V A Summary
Summary and Assessment	311	(1)
Combining Formal Methods with Knowledge Based Ones	311	(2)
Ontology as Unified Representation Paradigm for Different Approaches	313	(1)
Data Flow Diagram	313	(1)
Data Structure Diagram	314	(1)
The Jackson Development Method	314	(2)
Entity Relationship Data Models	316	(1)
Knowledge Based Fast Prototyping and a New Software Life Cycle	317	(5)
Pseudo-Natural Language versus Natural Like Languages	322	(2)
Pseudo-Natural Language versus Pseudo Code	324	(2)
Pseudo-Natural Language versus Limited Natural Language	326	(3)
The Knowledge Industry	329	(1)
Knowledge Engineers versus Software Engineers	329	(1)
Knowledge Industry versus Software Industry	330