Dynamic State Variable Models in Ecology Methods and Applications

by Clark, Colin W.; Mangel, Marc

• ISBN13: 9780195122671
• ISBN10: 0195122674
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-02-10
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This book introduces readers to a set of powerful and extremely flexible modeling techniques--starting at "square one"--and is ideal for students and scientists in behavior studies, ecology, anthropology, conservation biology, and related fields.

Table of Contents

The Basics	3	(46)
Introduction: Biology, constraints and trade-offs	3	(1)
An example: Formalizing constraints and trade-offs	4	(1)
A brief digression on probability	5	(2)
The algorithm of stochastic dynamic programming	7	(2)
Computer implementation	9	(9)
Evaluating the fitness of alternative strategies	18	(2)
Developing a dynamic state variable model	20	(10)
A model for feeding by the three-spined stickleback	30	(8)
The role of dynamic state variable models in ecology	38	(2)
Examples of projects	40	(9)
Appendix: Rate-maximizing theories of diet selection and habitat choice	45	(4)
Some Details of Technique	49	(22)
Linear interpolation	49	(3)
Sequential coupling	52	(2)
Forward iteration and Monte Carlo simulation	54	(3)
The critical level of reserves	57	(1)
Environmental state variables	57	(3)
Errors in decisions	60	(1)
Variable constraints	61	(6)
Functional forms	67	(4)
Using the Model	71	(11)
Levels of detail in model predictions	71	(1)
Comparing models and data	72	(6)
Obtaining and analyzing predictions	78	(2)
Sensitivity analysis	80	(1)
Suboptimality analysis	81	(1)
Oviposition Behavior of Insect Parasitoids	82	(26)
Parasitoid life histories	82	(4)
Fixed clutch models	86	(3)
A dynamic but state-independent model	89	(6)
The proovigenic parasitoid	95	(4)
The synovigenic parasitoid: Eggs and reserves	99	(3)
Discussion	102	(6)
Winter Survival Strategies	108	(31)
Foraging and fattening strategies for willow tits	108	(10)
Social interaction	118	(3)
Experiments suggested by the model	121	(1)
Models of hoarding behavior	122	(2)
Long-term hoarding	124	(8)
Overwinter foraging by juvenile salmon	132	(1)
A state variable model for overwinter lipid dynamics	133	(3)
Empirical test of the predictions	136	(3)
Avian Migration	139	(22)
The energetics of bird migration	140	(4)
Optimal fuel loads	144	(3)
A dynamic state variable model of single-flight migration	147	(2)
Spring migration of western sandpipers	149	(12)
Human Behavioral Ecology	161	(12)
Dynamic discarding in fisheries	161	(6)
Optimal reproductive strategies in !kung bushmen females	167	(6)
Conservation Biology	173	(19)
Assessing the fitness consequences of environmental change	173	(3)
Using fire rotation schemes to maximize the persistence of midsuccessional species	176	(4)
Managing a metapopulation	180	(8)
Some other applications	188	(4)
Agroecology	192	(20)
Behavioral origins of the functional response	192	(7)
Behavior and population regulation: The behavioral stabilization of host-parasitoid interactions	199	(7)
Weed control: Predicting flowering in thistles and other monocarpic perennials	206	(3)
Discussion	209	(3)
Population-Level Models	212	(20)
Ideal free distributions	212	(2)
Patch choice with frequency-dependent predation risk	214	(9)
Genetic algorithms as optimization tools	223	(9)
Stochasticity, Uncertainty, and Information as a State Variable	232	(16)
Ephemeral patches and uncertain food	232	(6)
A Bayesian foraging model	238	(6)
Tracking a changing environment	244	(1)
Discussion	245	(3)
Appendix: Bayesian updating	246	(2)
Measures of Fitness	248	(17)
Nonoverlapping generations	248	(5)
Overlapping generations	253	(6)
Fitness measures in dynamic state variable models	259	(6)
Appendix: Programs available at the OUP Web site	265	(2)
References	267	(20)
Index	287