East, West, North, South : Major Developments in International Politics Since 1945

by Lundestad, Geir

• ISBN13: 9781412907484
• ISBN10: 1412907489
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-01-26
• Publisher: Sage Publications Ltd

Summary

'International relations textbooks share a similar risk of always speaking in the same voice. Not because of multi-handling, but instead thanks to a frequently impenetrable, introverted discourseabout theory. This makes Geir Lundestad's book so welcome. He pays due homage to the important contribution of theory in the development of International Relations as a discipline, while escaping the standard focus on realism, liberalism and constructivism. Instead, he uses various branches of explanatory theory to provide an invaluable survey of world history after 1945'-Australian Journal of Political ScienceFully revised and updated, the Fifth Edition of Geir Lundestad's successful textbook on the history of international politics since 1945 will serve as an ideal introduction for all students seeking an accessible guide to world events in the post-war era up to the present day.This new edition covers all the major international developments up to 2004, including a full assessment of 9/11, the 'war on terror' and the conflict in Iraq.Long established as one of the leading and enduringly popular texts on international history, East, West, North, South remains an essential companion for all students of international relations, world politics and international history.

Table of Contents

From the Preface to the First Edition	ix
Preface to the Fifth Edition	xii
1 The World from 1945-1950	1	(5)
2 The Cold War in Europe, 1945-1949	6	(28)
Three Main Theories about the Cold War	6	(2)
Some Structural Explanations for the Cold War	8	(3)
Who Acted Where?	11	(17)
US Policy	11	(7)
Soviet Policy	18	(6)
The Problem of Germany	24	(4)
Motivating Forces behind US and Soviet Policies	28	(6)
The United States	28	(3)
The Soviet Union	31	(3)
3 The Cold War Becomes Global, 1945-1962	34	(30)
The United States, the Soviet Union, and Asia, 1945-1950	34	(9)
The Civil War in China	34	(4)
Other Countries in Asia	38	(2)
Signs of Re-Evaluation in the Superpowers' Asian Policies	40	(3)
The Korean War	43	(4)
Changes in US Policy in Asia	47	(6)
The Soviet Union Tries to Play a Global Role	53	(6)
A New Policy in Asia and the Middle East	53	(4)
A New Policy in Africa	57	(2)
The Cold War Reaches Latin America	59	(2)
The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Third World: A Comparison	61	(3)
4 Detente Between East and West, 1962-1975	64	(23)
Signs of Detente during the 1950's	64	(3)
The Policy of Detente, 1962-1975	67	(8)
Agreements and Contact between East and West	67	(3)
Reasons for Detente	70	(5)
Detente and Geographic Expansion of the East-West Conflict	75	(12)
Respect for Each Other's Vital Regions	76	(2)
The Grey Zones between East and West	78	(1)
The Middle East, 1967-1975	78	(3)
The Vietnam War	81	(6)
5 Renewed Tension Between East and West, 1975-1984	87	(15)
The Soviet Union: A New Globalism	88	(5)
The United States: Reaction to Detente	93	(9)
6 The End of the Cold War, 1984-1990	102	(7)
Different Theories about the End of the Cold War	102	(1)
What Happened and Why?	103	(6)
7 Major Powers and Local Conflicts after the Cold War, 1990-2004	109	(12)
The Major Powers in the New World	109	(2)
Hopes for Peace - and the Reality of Local Conflicts	111	(5)
11 September 2001, Afghanistan and Iraq	116	(5)
8 The Arms Race, 1945-2004	121	(30)
Perspective and Motivating Forces	121	(1)
Hiroshima, Atomic Weapons, and Conventional Forces, 1945-1949	122	(3)
The US Turnabout, 1949-1953	125	(2)
New Directions in US and Soviet Defense Policies	127	(5)
The 'New Look'	127	(3)
The 'New Look' in the Soviet Union	130	(2)
The Smaller Nuclear Nations	132	(2)
Kennedy, McNamara, and Flexible Response	134	(3)
The Soviet Build-up	137	(4)
The US Reaction	141	(5)
The First Phase: Prior to 1973-1974	141	(1)
The Second Phase: The Years up to 1984	142	(4)
Cooperation, Disarmament and Rearmament Once More	146	(5)
9 Developments within the Western Bloc, 1945-2004	151	(37)
Expansion by Invitation, 1945-1950	151	(3)
European Integration, 1945-1973	154	(6)
Explanations for the US Stance	158	(2)
US-European Relations, 1950-1973	160	(8)
Cooperation prior to 1962	160	(2)
Political and Military Controversy, 1962-1973	162	(4)
Economic Relations, 1962-1973	166	(2)
The United States and Western Europe after 1973: New Tensions	168	(13)
Expansion and Integration of the EC/EU	168	(3)
From the Year of Europe to German Reunification	171	(5)
From Bill Clinton to George W. Bush	176	(5)
The United States and Japan, 1945 1998	181	(8)
1945-1960: Occupation and US Dominance	181	(2)
1960-1990: Economic Strength and Greater Political Independence	183	(3)
1990-2004: Economic Problems and Political Uncertainty	186	(2)
10 The Soviet Union/Russia and the (formerly) Communist Countries, 1945-2004	188	(37)
Expansion and Conformism, 1945-1953	189	(2)
The Reins are Loosened (1953-1956) and Tightened (1956-1958)	191	(3)
The Revolts in Poland and Hungary in 1956	191	(3)
The Split between the Soviet Union and China	194	(7)
From Cooperation to Armed Struggle	195	(2)
Explanations for the Split	197	(4)
The Sino-Soviet-US Triangle, 1972-2004	201	(5)
Soviet Relations with Eastern Europe, 1958-1985	206	(6)
Czechoslovakia-1968	209	(1)
Developments in Poland	210	(2)
The Soviet Union and the Communist Movement Elsewhere	212	(2)
The Fall of Communism in Eastern Europe	214	(3)
The Fall of the Soviet Union	217	(3)
Developments in Russia and Eastern Europe after the Fall of Communism	220	(5)
11 Decolonization	225	(21)
Changes on the International Level	225	(2)
The National Level: Changes within the Colonial Powers	227	(10)
British Policies	228	(4)
French Policies	232	(3)
Belgium and Portugal	235	(1)
Why Different Attitudes?	236	(1)
The Local Level: Independence Movements Grow Stronger	237	(5)
The Three Stages	238	(1)
Economic and Cultural Development	239	(2)
The Influence of International Events	241	(1)
The Non-Aligned Nations in World Politics	242	(4)
12 Economic Relations Between North and South, 1945-2004	246	(29)
Two Theories on Development and Underdevelopment	246	(3)
Aid and Trade, 1945-2004	249	(8)
1945-1955	250	(1)
1955-1964	251	(1)
1964-1981	252	(2)
1981-2004	254	(2)
The Soviet Union and North-South Issues	256	(1)
Some Comments on the Two Main Theories	257	(11)
The North's Development-The South's Underdevelopment?	257	(8)
The Multinational Corporations	265	(1)
Raw Materials and Processed Goods	266	(1)
The Question of Dependence	267	(1)
Production of Crude Oil	268	(3)
Why Poverty?	271	(4)
Bibliography	275	(8)
Index	283