Educational Governance and Administration

by Sergiovanni, Thomas J.; Kelleher, Paul; McCarthy, Martha M.; Wirt, Fred

• ISBN13: 9780205380862
• ISBN10: 0205380867
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This text takes a problem-solving approach to real issues administrators face, emphasizing school governance and administration. Grounded in a historical perspective, the nature of administration in today's schools environment is examined is examined with a critical eye, providing readers with a realistic view of the promises and pitfalls of professionalism in administration. This text provides a balanced overview of the development of educational administration, taking into account the roles of teachers, students, principals and superintendents. New to this Edition bull; bull;Addresses current concerns in school leadership such as special education services, political constraints and federal and state standards. bull;Focus on the school administrator's role as an instructional leader and leader of leaders (Ch. 8-10) is congruent with current research and best practice. These chapters address how the roles of principals and superintendents have evolved. bull;Greater emphasis on school financing issues including vouchers and equity addresses a topic of concern for many leaders. bull;Provides the latest standards for preparing superintendents and principals as issued by the Educational Leadership Constituency Council and the National Policy Board for Educational Administration. bull;Completely updated and expanded legal treatment highlights the philosophical basis for legal knowledge about schools and emphasizes current decisions and dilemmas. bull;Greater emphasis on cultural and diversity perspectives in the development of schools.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
About the Authors	xiii
PART ONE The Context for Schooling in the United States
1 Public Values and School Policy: The Roots of Conflict	1	(20)
Defining the Context	2	(2)
The No Child Left Behind Act	4	(1)
Policy Instruments	5	(1)
Public Values and School Policy	6	(5)
Competing Values and Images of Schooling	11	(2)
A Value-Added Approach to Equity and Excellence	13	(2)
What Does Research Reveal about School Effects?	15	(1)
The Ecology of School Improvement	16	(1)
Three Theories of Leadership	17	(1)
The School as a Moral Community	18	(1)
References	19	(2)
2 Issues Shaping School Policy and Administration	21	(34)
School Autonomy and Governmental Control	22	(1)
Standards as an Example	22	(5)
Local Autonomy	27	(2)
Legislated Learning and Bureaucratic Teaching	29	(3)
Balancing Democratic and Professional Authority	32	(5)
Different Theories of Change	37	(4)
Maintaining Public Confidence	41	(2)
Managing Public Confidence	43	(3)
Appendix 2.1 A Layered System of Standards	46	(6)
References	52	(3)
PART TWO Introduction to Educational Administration
3 Educational Administration: An Overview	55	(26)
Policy and Policy in Use	56	(2)
Administration Defined	58	(2)
Critical Responsibilities of Administrators	60	(5)
Evaluating Administrators	65	(1)
Dimensions and Measures of School Effectiveness	66	(1)
Critical Administrative Processes	66	(4)
Critical Administrative Skills	70	(2)
Educational Administration as Educational Leadership	72	(1)
Managerial, Political, and Educational Roles	73	(1)
Qualitative Aspects of Leadership	74	(3)
The Substance of Leadership in Education	77	(2)
References	79	(2)
4 Educational Administration as an Emerging Profession	81	(29)
The Importance of Instructional Leadership	81	(3)
Background	84	(5)
Recent Pressures to Reform	89	(4)
The Dark Side of Professionalism	93	(3)
The Changing Focus	96	(3)
The New Standards for Leadership	99	(2)
Appendix 4.1 New Standards for Advanced Programs in Educational Leadership	101	(7)
References	108	(2)
5 The Development of Thought in Educational Administration	110	(38)
Models of Administrative Practice	110	(1)
Setting the Stage: Managers of Virtue	111	(4)
Major Strands of Thought in Administration	115	(23)
Educational Administration as an Applied Science	138	(2)
A Reflective-Practice Perspective	140	(1)
Educational Administration as a Moral Craft	141	(4)
References	145	(3)
6 Administrative Work Roles and Tasks	148	(16)
The Work-Activity School	148	(1)
The Nature of Managerial Work: Mintzberg	149	(7)
Variations in Administrators' Work	156	(2)
The Seven Basic Competencies	158	(5)
References	163	(1)
7 Women in Administration	164	(11)
Women in the Superintendency	164	(1)
Women and the School Principalship	165	(3)
Women's Presence in Successful Schools	168	(3)
The Woman's View	171	(1)
References	172	(3)
PART THREE Teachers, Principals, and Superintendents
8 Students and Teachers Today	175	(16)
The Role of Student	175	(5)
The Role of Teacher	180	(3)
The Workplace for Teachers	183	(7)
References	190	(1)
9 The Principalship Today	191	(20)
History of the Role	191	(2)
Who Principals Are Today	193	(2)
How Principals See Their Jobs	195	(4)
The Role Today	199	(4)
The Role in the Future	203	(1)
New Definitions of the Principal's Role	204	(4)
Conclusion	208	(1)
References	209	(2)
10 The Superintendency Today	211	(18)
History and Evolution of the Role	211	(2)
Who Superintendents Are Today	213	(4)
Three Dimensions of the Role	217	(1)
The Myth of Heroic Leadership	218	(4)
The Superintendent as Teacher	222	(1)
Superintendents and Political Conflict	222	(4)
Conclusion	226	(1)
References	227	(2)
PART FOUR Introduction to Governance in Education
11 Schools as Political Systems	229	(16)
System Shock	229	(2)
Decisional Power	231	(3)
Politics and School Policy	234	(1)
Politics, Government, and Challenge	234	(2)
A Paradigm of Educational Policymaking	236	(3)
The Apolitical Myth of Schooling	239	(3)
A Look Ahead	242	(1)
Summary	243	(1)
References	244	(1)
12 The Local System of Policymaking	245	(18)
Individual Access to Decision Making	245	(6)
The Pressure Group Context of Local Schools	251	(3)
The School Board Context of Policy	254	(4)
Micropolitics within Local Schools	258	(1)
The Principal: Pressure and Leadership	259	(2)
Summary	261	(1)
References	261	(2)
13 The State Level of PolicYmaking	263	(17)
Growth of the State System	263	(3)
State Differences in School Policy	266	(2)
School Policymaking Process of the States	268	(2)
Pressure Groups	270	(2)
Policy Authorization	272	(2)
Recent Evaluations of State Reforms	274	(3)
Political Culture and State Results	277	(1)
Summary	278	(1)
References	279	(1)
14 The Federal Level of Policymaking	280	(17)
History of Federal Educational Policy	280	(3)
Federal Education Policies	283	(7)
The Courts as an Arena for Policymaking	290	(3)
Courts in Action: Desegregation	293	(2)
References	295	(2)
PART FIVE Legal and Financial Considerations
15 The Legal Foundation for Public Education: An Overview	297	(26)
Constitutional Provisions	297	(4)
Statutory Provisions	301	(5)
Administrative Rules and Regulations	306	(6)
Contractual Provisions	312	(2)
Judicial Role	314	(5)
Preventive Law	319	(2)
References	321	(2)
16 Leading Public Schools: Legal Considerations	323	(36)
Legal Principles	323	(8)
Selected Substantive Aspects of the Law	331	(19)
Legal Liability	350	(5)
References	355	(4)
17 School Finance	359	(30)
Revenue Generation	359	(8)
Distribution of School Revenues	367	(5)
Market-Driven Delivery Systems	372	(2)
Constitutional Challenges to State School Finance Systems	374	(8)
Adequately Financing Schools in an Era of Accountability	382	(3)
References	385	(4)
Index	389