The Einstein Tower

by Hentschel, Klaus; Hentschel, Ann M.

• ISBN13: 9780804728249
• ISBN10: 0804728240
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-09-01
• Publisher: Stanford Univ Pr

Summary

This book focuses on the "Einstein Tower," an architecturally historic observatory built in Potsdam in 1920 to allow the German astronomer Erwin Finlay Freundlich to attempt to verify experimentally Einstein's general theory of relativity. Freundlich, who was the first German astronomer to show a genuine interest in Einstein's theory, managed to interest his architect friend Erich Mendelsohn in designing this unique building. Freundlich's researches were not a success; he came to doubt the very theory he was attempting to prove. (Adequate technology to test Einstein's theory lay many decades in the future.) By contrast, as an experiment in modernist architecture, the building led to international fame for Mendelsohn. To develop a full historical picture of this moment in the history of science, the book interweaves several descriptive levels: the biography of Freundlich; the social context in which he interacted with teachers, co-workers, students, his patrons (including Einstein), and scientific opponents; the cognitive aspects of his attempts to verify Einstein's theory; the political milieu within the Berlin scientific research community; and a cross-national comparison of astrophysics. Other layers of the narrative include the place of the Einstein Tower in architectural history; economics and sociopsychological components of the Tower's financing and construction; the reception of the Tower and the theory; a historical examination of the Tower's research results; and the effect on Freundlich and on the work at the Tower of the National Socialists' rise to power.

Author Biography

Klaus Hentschel is Assistant Professor at the Institute for the History of Science at the University of Göttingen and a fellow at the Dibner Institute for the History of Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for 1996/97.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(4)
1. The Young Astronomer Erwin Finlay Freundlich	5	(7)
2. A Theorist's Observer: Freundlich's Collaboration with Einstein from 1911	12	(6)
3. Relativity Theory Under Scrutiny: Experimental Testing	18	(7)
4. Statistical Investigations of Gravitational Redshift, 1915-1916	25	(10)
5. Berlin Science Politics: Support for Freundlich from 1913	35	(7)
6. Astrophysics at Potsdam and Elsewhere	42	(11)
7. Erich Mendelsohn and the Tower Telescope Design	53	(35)
8. Research at the Einstein Tower During the Freundlich Era	88	(15)
9. The Solar Eclipse Expedition of 1929	103	(14)
10. Clashes Between Freundlich and Ludendorff	117	(12)
11. Political Transition and Exile	129	(12)
12. A Solitary Fate: Photon-Photon Interaction	141	(6)
13. A Bird's-Eye View	147	(10)
Reference Matter	157
Abbreviations in the Notes	157	(2)
Notes	159	(30)
Abbreviations in the References	189	(2)
References	191	(30)
Index	221