This is a fully revised and updated edition of a widely used introductory textbook on electromagnetism. It covers all the fundamental aspects of this important topic in electrical engineering. The approach is eminently practical and requires little mathematics other than elementary differentiation, integration, and trigonometry. It will continue to appeal to students studying this conceptually challenging but fundamental subject. New sections on electromechanics (conversion of electric and magnetic energy in mechanical energy and vice versa) and high-frequency phenomena (transmission lines, waveguides, optical fibres, and radio propagation) enhance the usefulness of the book.

Percy Hammond is a very distinguished figure in the circles of electromagnetic scholarship. This book is very well known and loved in its first three editions. He is also a serious contributor to computational methods with the "Tubes and Slices" method given prominence in Engineering Electromagnetism (with Sykulski) and to fundamental thinking about the geometry of fields in The Geometry of Electromagnetic Fields (with Baldomir). Hammond is a series editor for Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

1 The principles of electromagnetism

1

(7)

1.1 The purpose of the book

1

(1)

1.2 The role of ideas in electrical engineering

2

(1)

1.3 What is electricity?

2

(2)

1.4 The measurement of electricity

4

(2)

1.5 The language of electrical engineering

6

(1)

1.6 Summary

6

(1)

1.7 Exercises

7

(1)

2 Electric charges at rest I

8

(18)

2.1 The forces between electric charges

8

(2)

2.2 The verification of the inverse square law

10

(2)

2.3 The electric constant

12

(1)

2.4 The electric force is a vector quantity

13

(1)

2.5 Electric field strength

14

(2)

2.6 Electric potential and potential difference

16

(6)

2.7 Conductors in electrostatic fields

22

(1)

2.8 Summary

22

(1)

2.9 Terms used in this chapter

23

(1)

2.10 Exercises

24

(2)

3 Electric charges at rest II

26

(31)

3.1 The electric field as a measure of quantity of charge

26

(2)

3.2 Gauss's theorem

28

(3)

3.2.1 The field of a uniformly charged sphere

29

(1)

3.2.2 The field close to the surface of a charged conductor

30

(1)

3.3 Electric flux density and electric flux

31

(1)

3.4 Energy in the electric field

32

(1)

3.5 Tubes of flux

33

(2)

3.6 The storage of electric energy

35

(1)

3.7 Capacitance

36

(3)

3.7.1 Capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor

37

(1)

3.7.2 Capacitance of a cylindrical capacitor

38

(1)

3.8 Insulating materials between the plates of capacitors

39

(4)

3.9 Capacitors in parallel and in series

43

(2)

3.10 The force on a charged conductor

45

(2)

3.11 The method of curvilinear squares

47

(2)

3.12 The method of images

49

(2)

3.13 Summary

51

(1)

3.14 New terms used in this chapter

51

(1)

3.15 Exercises

52

(5)

4 Steady electric currents

57

(17)

4.1 Types of electric current

57

(2)

4.1.1 Conduction current

57

(1)

4.1.2 Convection current

57

(1)

4.1.3 Polarization current

58

(1)

4.1.4 Displacement current

58

(1)

4.2 Ohm's law

59

(6)

4.3 Drift-velocity of electrons in a conductor

65

(1)

4.4 Electromotive force

65

(4)

4.5 Surface charge on metallic conductors

69

(1)

4.6 Summary

70

(1)

4.7 New terms used in this chapter

71

(1)

4.8 Exercises

71

(3)

5 The magnetic field of steady electric currents

74

(32)

5.1 Electricity and magnetism

74

(1)

5.2 Magnetostatic fields

75

(4)

5.3 Ampere's law

79

(1)

5.4 The magnetic shell and the circuital law of magnetism

80

(3)

5.5 Magnetomotive force

83

(1)

5.6 Applications of the circuital law

84

(4)

5.6.1 The magnetic field of a long straight current

85

(1)

5.6.2 The magnetic field inside a long solid cylindrical conductor carrying uniformly distributed current

85

(2)

5.6.3 The magnetic field inside a hollow cylindrical conductor carrying axial current

87

(1)

5.6.4 The magnetic field inside a toroid

87

(1)

5.7 The magnetic field of a current element

88

(3)

5.8 Use of the formula for the magnetic field of a current element

91

(3)

5.8.1 The magnetic field on the axis of a circular current

91

(1)

5.8.2 The magnetic field on the axis of a solenoid of circular cross-section

92

(2)

5.9 The force on a current element in a magnetic field

94

(1)

5.10 The force between two long parallel currents

95

(2)

5.11 The force on a coil in a magnetic field

97

(4)

5.11.1 The force between coaxial circular currents

99

(1)

5.11.2 The dynamometer wattmeter

100

(1)

5.12 Magnetic units

101

(1)

5.13 Summary

102

(1)

5.14 New terms used in this chapter

103

(1)

5.15 Exercises

104

(2)

6 Electromagnetic induction

106

(28)

6.1 The motion of electric charges through magnetic fields

106

(4)

6.1.1 The motion of an electron which has been given a velocity v across a magnetic field B

108

(1)

6.1.2 The motion of an electron under the combined action of electric and magnetic fields

109

(1)

6.2 Electromotive force induced in a conductor moving through a magnetic field

110

(5)

6.3 Electromotive force induced in a stationary circuit by a changing magnetic field

115

(5)

6.3.1 Application of Faraday's law: a simple transformer

119

(1)

6.4 Inductance: a mechanical explanation of Faraday's law

120

(4)

6.5 Further discussion of self and mutual inductance

124

(1)

6.6 Skin-effect

125

(4)

6.7 Summary

129

(1)

6.8 New terms used in this chapter

130

(1)

6.9 Exercises

130

(4)

7 The magnetic effects of iron

134

(25)

7.1 The use of magnetic flux

134

(1)

7.2 The sources of magnetism

134

(1)

7.3 Hard and soft magnetic materials

135

(1)

7.4 The magnetization curve

136

(3)

7.5 The domain theory of magnetism

139

(1)

7.6 Magnetic circuits

140

(2)

7.7 An iron ring with an air gap

142

(2)

7.8 Permanent magnet calculations

144

(2)

7.9 Mechanical force exerted by a magnet

146

(2)

7.10 Losses in iron subjected to alternating magnetic fields

148

(5)

7.10.1 Hysteresis loss

148

(1)

7.10.2 Eddy current loss

149

(4)

7.11 Typical magnetic curves

153

(1)

7.12 Summary

153

(2)

7.13 New terms used in this chapter

155

(1)

7.14 Exercises

155

(4)

8 Electromechanics

159

(36)

8.1 Electromechanical energy conversion

159

(1)

8.2 Electric and magnetic field energy

160

(5)

8.3 Forces and torques in magnetic devices

165

(3)

8.4 Continuously rotating machines

168

(4)

8.5 Alternating current machines

172

(4)

8.6 Torque-speed characteristics of electric motors

176

(7)

8.7 Linear motors

183

(2)

8.8 Energy losses in electric motors and generators

185

(1)

8.9 Choosing a size of motor

185

(3)

8.10 Electromechanical transducers

188

(3)

8.11 Summary

191

(1)

8.12 Exercises

192

(3)

9 Electromagnetic radiation

195

(33)

9.1 Field energy

195

(1)

9.2 Continuity of electric charge

196

(2)

9.3 Electromagnetic waves

198

(5)

9.4 Orders of magnitude in electromagnetic calculations

203

(2)

9.5 A simple transmission line

205

(4)

9.6 Waveguides

209

(5)

9.7 Optical fibres

214

(3)

9.8 Radio propagation

217

(3)

9.9 The relationship between fields and circuit parameters

220

(2)

9.10 Summary

222

(1)

9.11 New terms used in this chapter

223

(1)

9.12 Exercises

223

(5)

Appendix A A list of electric and magnetic quantities

228

(1)

Appendix B A list of useful formulae

229

(1)

Appendix C SI and CGS units

230

(1)

Appendix D Some useful constants

231

(1)

Index

232

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