Elementary Statistics : A Brief Version with MathZone

by Bluman, Allan G.

• ISBN13: 9780073107653
• ISBN10: 0073107654
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-12-30
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math

Summary

Elementary Statistics: A Brief Version, 3rd edition is a shorter version of the popular text Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step Approach, 5th edition. This softcover edition includes all the features of the longer book, but is designed for a course in which the time available limits the number of topics covered. The book is written for general beginning statistics courses with a basic algebra prerequisite. The book use a non-theoretical approach, explaining concepts intuitively and teaching problem solving through worked examples step-by-step.

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
The Nature of Probability and Statistics	1	(30)
Introduction	2	(1)
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics	3	(3)
Variables and Types of Data	6	(2)
Data Collection and Sampling Techniques	8	(4)
Random Sampling	10	(1)
Systematic Sampling	10	(1)
Stratified Sampling	11	(1)
Cluster Sampling	11	(1)
Other Sampling Methods	12	(1)
Observational and Experimental Studies	12	(3)
Uses and Misuses of Statistics	15	(2)
Suspect Samples	15	(1)
Ambiguous Averages	15	(1)
Changing the Subject	16	(1)
Detached Statistics	16	(1)
Implied Connections	16	(1)
Misleading Graphs	16	(1)
Faulty Survey Questions	16	(1)
Computers and Calculators	17	(6)
Summary	23	(8)
Frequency Distributions and Graphs	31	(68)
Introduction	33	(1)
Organizing Data	33	(12)
Categorical Frequency Distributions	34	(1)
Grouped Frequency Distributions	35	(10)
Histograms, Frequency Polygons, and Ogives	45	(16)
The Histogram	47	(1)
The Frequency Polygon	47	(2)
The Ogive	49	(2)
Relative Frequency Graphs	51	(3)
Distribution Shapes	54	(7)
Other Types of Graphs	61	(22)
Pareto Charts	61	(1)
The Time Series Graph	62	(2)
The Pie Graph	64	(4)
Misleading Graphs	68	(3)
Stem and Leaf Plots	71	(12)
Paired Data and Scatter Plots	83	(7)
Analyzing the Scatter Plot	84	(6)
Summary	90	(9)
Data Description	99	(72)
Introduction	100	(1)
Measures of Central Tendency	101	(17)
The Mean	102	(3)
The Median	105	(2)
The Mode	107	(2)
The Midrange	109	(1)
The Weighted Mean	110	(2)
Distribution Shapes	112	(6)
Measures of Variation	118	(17)
Range	119	(1)
Population Variance and Standard Deviation	120	(2)
Sample Variance and Standard Deviation	122	(2)
Variance and Standard Deviation for Grouped Data	124	(3)
Coefficient of Variation	127	(1)
Chebyshev's Theorem	128	(2)
The Empirical (Normal) Rule	130	(5)
Measures of Position	135	(19)
Standard Scores	135	(1)
Percentiles	136	(7)
Quartiles and Deciles	143	(1)
Outliers	144	(10)
Exploratory Data Analysis	154	(8)
The Five-Number Summary and Boxplots	154	(8)
Summary	162	(9)
Probability and Counting Rules	171	(58)
Introduction	172	(1)
Sample Spaces and Probability	173	(14)
Basic Concepts	173	(3)
Classical Probability	176	(3)
Complementary Events	179	(1)
Empirical Probability	180	(2)
Law of Large Numbers	182	(1)
Subjective Probability	183	(1)
Probability and Risk Taking	183	(4)
The Addition Rules for Probability	187	(10)
The Multiplication Rules and Conditional Probability	197	(11)
The Multiplication Rules	197	(5)
Conditional Probability	202	(2)
Probabilities for ``At Least''	204	(4)
Counting Rules	208	(10)
The Fundamental Counting Rule	209	(2)
Factorial Notation	211	(1)
Permutations	211	(1)
Combinations	212	(6)
Probability and Counting Rules	218	(4)
Summary	222	(7)
Discrete Probability Distributions	229	(34)
Introduction	230	(1)
Probability Distributions	231	(4)
Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Expectation	235	(10)
Mean	235	(3)
Variance and Standard Deviation	238	(2)
Expectation	240	(5)
The Binomial Distribution	245	(13)
Summary	258	(5)
The Normal Distribution	263	(58)
Introduction	264	(2)
Properties of the Normal Distribution	266	(1)
The Standard Normal Distribution	267	(16)
Finding Areas Under the Standard Normal Distribution Curve	269	(7)
The Normal Distribution Curve as a Probability Distribution Curve	276	(7)
Applications of the Normal Distribution	283	(14)
Finding Data Values Given Specific Probabilities	287	(2)
Determining Normality	289	(8)
The Central Limit Theorem	297	(10)
Distribution of Sample Means	297	(7)
Finite Population Correction Factor (Optional)	304	(3)
The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution	307	(6)
Summary	313	(8)
Confidence Intervals and Sample Size	321	(40)
Introduction	322	(1)
Confidence Intervals for the Mean (σ Known or n ≥ 30) and Sample Size	323	(13)
Confidence Intervals	324	(6)
Sample Size	330	(6)
Confidence Intervals for the Mean (σ Unknown and n < 30)	336	(6)
Confidence Intervals and Sample Size for Proportions	342	(8)
Confidence Intervals	344	(1)
Sample Size for Proportions	345	(5)
Confidence Intervals for Variances and Standard Deviations	350	(5)
Summary	355	(6)
Hypothesis Testing	361	(64)
Introduction	362	(1)
Steps in Hypothesis Testing---Traditional Method	363	(11)
z Test for a Mean	374	(14)
p-Value Method for Hypothesis Testing	379	(9)
t Test for a Mean	388	(9)
z Test for a Proportion	397	(7)
x2 Test for a Variance or Standard Deviation	404	(12)
Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing	416	(2)
Summary	418	(7)
Testing the Difference Between Two Means, Two Variances, and Two Proportions	425	(62)
Introduction	426	(1)
Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Large Samples	427	(11)
Testing the Difference Between Two Variances	438	(10)
Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Small Independent Samples	448	(10)
Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Small Dependent Samples	458	(12)
Testing the Difference Between Proportions	470	(7)
Summary	477	(10)
Hypothesis-Testing Summary 1	484	(3)
Correlation and Regression	487	(40)
Introduction	488	(1)
Correlation	489	(11)
Correlation Coefficient	491	(1)
Correlation and Causation	492	(1)
The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient	493	(7)
Regression	500	(13)
Line of Best Fit	500	(2)
Determination of the Regression Line Equation	502	(11)
Coefficient of Determination and Standard Error of the Estimate	513	(7)
Types of Variation for the Regression Model	513	(2)
Coefficient of Determination	515	(1)
Standard Error of the Estimate	516	(2)
Prediction Interval	518	(2)
Summary	520	(7)
Chi-Square and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)	527	(48)
Introduction	528	(1)
Test for Goodness of Fit	529	(12)
Test of Normality (Optional)	534	(7)
Tests Using Contingency Tables	541	(14)
Test for Independence	541	(5)
Test for Homogeneity of Proportions	546	(9)
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)	555	(12)
Summary	567	(8)
Hypothesis-Testing Summary 2	574	(1)
appendix A Algebra Review	575	(6)
appendix B-1 Writing the Research Report	581	(2)
appendix B-2 Alternate Approach to the Standard Normal Distribution	583	(4)
appendix C Tables	587	(18)
appendix D Data Bank	605	(8)
appendix E Glossary	613	(6)
appendix F Bibliography	619	(2)
appendix G Photo Credits	621	(2)
appendix H Selected Answers	623	(34)
index	657
instructor's section Instructor's Edition Only	1