Embracing Diversity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the Learning Sciences

by Kafai, Yasmin B.; Sandoval, William A.; Enyedy, Noel; Nixon, Althea Scott

• ISBN13: 9780805853018
• ISBN10: 0805853014
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-06-10
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

More than a decade has passed since the First International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) was held at Northwestern University in 1991. The conference has now become an established place for researchers to gather. The 2004 meeting is the firs

Table of Contents

Symposia
People, Places, and Things: Multiple Perspectives on Learning Opportunities for Diverse Populations	2	(3)
Doris Ash
Mary Betsy Brenner
Judit N. Moschkovich
Gordon Wells
Plumbing the Foundations of Knowledge Building: A Special Symposium	5	(3)
Carl Bereiter
Timothy Koschmann
Eamonn Kelly
Design Theories of Interest, Motivation, and Engagement for the Learning Sciences	8	(4)
Daniel T. Hickey
Paul Cobb
Lynn Hodge
Brigid Barron
Daniel Hickey
Flavio Azevedo
Diana Joseph
Daniel Edelson
Allan Collins
Ann Renninger
Models of Learning and Theories of Practice for Informal Learning Environments	12	(4)
Sherry Hsi
Kevin Crowley
Richard Duschl
Coe Leta Finke
Heather King
Nora Sabelli
Programming Revisited -- The Educational Value of Computer Programming	16	(3)
Eric Klopfer
Mitchel Resnick
John Maloney
Brian Silverman
Andrea diSessa
Andrew Begel
Chris Hancock
Developing Historical Thinking Practices through Technology-Supported Inquiry	19	(4)
Joseph L. Polman
Laura Westhoff
D. Kevin O'Neill
Elahe Sohbat
Mahboubeh Asgari
Namsoo Shin
Steven McGee
Josh Radinsky
Philip Bell
Cracking the Nut - But Which Nutcracker to Use? Diversity in Approaches to Analyzing Collaborative Processes in Technology-Supported Settings	23	(5)
Nikol Rummel
Hans Spada
Cynthia Carter Ching
X. Christine Wang
Dan Suthers
Rainer Bromme
Regina Jucks
Anne Runde
Frank Fischer
Armin Weinberger
Heinz Mandl
Pierre Dillenbourg
Papers
Leveraging Epistemological Diversity through Computer-based Argumentation in the Domain of Probability	28	(8)
Dor Abrahamson
Matthew W. Berland
R. Benjamin Shapiro
Joshua W. Unterman
Uri J. Wilensky
The Role of Gesture in Instructional Communication: Evidence from an Early Algebra Lesson	36	(8)
Martha Wagner Alibali
Mitchell J. Nathan
Student Generated Analogies in Science: Analogy as Categorization Phenomenon	44	(6)
Leslie J. Atkins
Can Students Collaboratively Use Hypermedia to Learn about Science? The Dynamics of Self-and Other-regulatory Processes in the Classroom	50	(8)
Roger Azevedo
Fielding I. Winters
Daniel C. Moos
Learning to Distinguish Between Representations of Data: A Cognitive Tutor That Uses Contrasting Cases	58	(8)
Ryan Shaun Baker
Albert T. Corbett
Kenneth R. Koedinger
Implications of Computer-Based Projects in Electronics on Fostering Independent Learning, Creativity and Teamwork	66	(7)
Moshe Barak
Improving Urban Youth's Interest and Engagement through Field-based Scientific Investigations	73	(8)
Michael Barnett
Eric Strauss
Camelia Rosca
Heather Langford
Dawn Chavez
Leah Deni
Charles Lord
Help-seeking in Interactive Learning Environments: Effectiveness of Help and Learner-related Factors in a Dyadic Setting	81	(8)
Tobias Bartholome
Elmar Stahl
Rainer Bromme
Self-explaining Science Texts: Strategies, Knowledge and Reading Skill	89	(8)
Rachel Best
Yasuhiro Ozuru
Danielle S. McNamara
Representing a Problem Space: Towards a Deeper Understanding of the Practice of Instructional Leadership	97	(8)
Lawrence D. Brenninkmeyer
Bruce L. Sherin
James P. Spillane
RoBallet: Exploring Learning through Expression in the Arts through Constructing in a Technologically Immersive Environment	105	(8)
David Cavallo
Arnan Sipitakiat
Anindita Basu
Shaundra Bryant
Larissa Welti-Santos
John Maloney
Siyu Chen
Erik Asmussen
Cynthia Solomon
Edith Ackermann
Climbing to Understanding: Lessons from an Experimental Learning Environment for Adjudicated Youth	113	(8)
David Cavallo
Seymour Papert
Gary Stager
Seeing Nacirema: How Students and Professors Interpret Ethnographic Film	121	(7)
Eric Karl Chambers
Reed Stevens
Passive Forum Behaviors (Lurking): A Community Perspective	128	(8)
Fei-ching Chen
Learning to Participate in Disciplinary Discourses: What Happens When the Conversation Ends?	136	(6)
Lindsay L. Cornelius
Supporting Students' Reasoning with Inscriptions	142	(8)
Jose Luis Cortina
Qing Zhao
Paul Cobb
Kay McClain
Knowledge Sharing in Groups: Experimental Findings of How to Overcome a Social Dilemma	150	(8)
Ulrike Cress
Friedrich-Wilhelm Hesse
Design-based Research Strategies for Studying Situated Learning and Knowledge Transfer in a Multi-user Virtual Environment	158	(8)
Chris Dede
Brian Nelson
Diane Jass Ketelhut
Jody Clarke
Cassie Bowman
The Interest-Driven Learning Design Framework: Motivating Learning through Usefulness	166	(8)
Daniel C. Edelson
Diana M. Joseph
`Cultural Mathematics' in the Oksapmin Curriculum: Continuities and Discontinuities	174	(8)
Indigo Esmonde
Geoffrey B. Saxe
The Best Made Plans of Mice and Curriculum Planners: Embracing Diversity in Teacher Needs and Planning For It	182	(8)
Barbara Burks Fasse
Diverse Descriptions of Experimental Practice as Supports for Learning	190	(8)
Michael J. Ford
How a Creative ``System'' Learns: The Distributed Activity of Choreography	198	(8)
Janice E. Fournier
Standardized Test Outcomes of Urban Students Participating in Standards and Project Based Science Curricula	206	(8)
Robert Geier
Phyllis Blumenfeld
Ronald Marx
Joseph Krajcik
Barry Fishman
Elliot Soloway
Using Educational Robotics to Engage Inner-City Students with Technology	214	(8)
Rachel Goldman
Amy Eguchi
Elizabeth Sklar
Emerging Social Engineering in the Wireless Classroom	222	(8)
Shelley Goldman
Roy Pea
Heidy Maldonado
Authoring Branching Storylines for Training Applications	230	(8)
Andrew S. Gordon
Of Grids and Jars: A Comparative Analysis of Representational Infrastructure and Learning Opportunities in Middle School and Professional Science	238	(8)
Rogers Hall
Rich Lehrer
Deb Lucas
Leona Schauble
Narrative and Identity: Constructing Oppositional Identities in Performance Communities	246	(8)
Erica Rosenfeld Halverson
Understanding Collaborative Activity Systems: The Relation of Tools and Discourse in Mediating Learning	254	(8)
Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver
Ellina Chernobilsky
Socially Relevant Representations in Interfaces for Learning	262	(8)
Christopher M. Hoadley
Joshua A. Kirby
Managing Ideological and Pedagogical Dilemmas: Improvising a Balance between Discovery and Transmission in 2 K-1 Science Classrooms	270	(8)
A. Susan Jurow
Laura Creighton
The Video Analyst's Manifesto (or The Implications of Garfinkel's Policies for the Development of a Program of Video Analytic Research within the Learning Sciences)	278	(8)
Timothy Koschmann
Gerry Stahl
Alan Zemel
Strengthening Learning Communities by Promoting Social Skill Development	286	(8)
Samuel M. Kwon
Louis M. Gomez
Investigating Students' Collaborative Scientific Reasoning during a Natural Selection Investigation	294	(8)
Eleni A. Kyza
What Makes Teaching Special?	302	(8)
Victor R. Lee
Bruce L. Sherin
Teacher Practices that Support Students' Construction of Scientific Explanations in Middle School Classrooms	310	(8)
David J. Lizotte
Katherine L. McNeill
Joseph Krajcik
How Should Learning Be Structured in Inquiry-based Science Instruction?: Investigating the Interplay of 1st- and 2nd-hand Investigations in Inquiry	318	(8)
S. J. Magnusson
A. S. Palincsar
S. Hapgood
A. Lomangino
World Knowledge Driving Young Readers' Comprehension Difficulties	326	(8)
Danielle S. McNamara
Randy G. Floyd
Rachel Best
Max Louwerse
Anticipatory Cognitive Mapping of Unknown Spaces in Unknown Spaces by People who are Blind Using a Virtual Learning Environment	334	(8)
David Mioduser
Orly Lahav
A Microworld Learning for Psychology Experiments by Combining Real and Virtual Experiments	342	(8)
Kazuhisa Miwa
Norio Ishii
Hitomi Saito
Ryuichi Nakaike
Learning from Lectures for Comprehension	350	(8)
Naomi Miyake
Hajime Shirouzu
Abstraction and Transfer in Collaborative Learning	358	(6)
Jacques Mondoux
Pierre-Benoit Auderset
Pierre Dillenbourg
Professional Development and Teacher Change: A Longitudinal Investigation of Teacher Generative Growth	364	(8)
Chrystalla Mouza
Cognitive Partnerships on the Bench Tops	372	(8)
Wendy C. Newstetter
Elke Kurz-Milcke
Nancy J. Nersessian
Goal Instructions in Computer-Supported Collaborative Argumentation: Can You Find a Reason?	380	(8)
E. Michael Nussbaum
Learning behind the Scenes: Development of Mentors through their Participation in Design Research	388	(8)
Jun Oshima
Ritsuko Oshima
Taku Ishiyama
Case Application Suite: Scaffolding Use of Expert Cases in Middle-School Project-Based Inquiry Classrooms	396	(8)
Jakita N. Owensby
Janet L. Kolodner
Meeting Teachers in the Middle: Designing Handheld Software to Improve Student Questioning	404	(8)
William R. Penuel
Louise Yarnall
Melissa Koch
Jeremy Roschelle
Exploring the Effects of Learners' Cultural And Social Histories on the Practices of Learning Scientists	412	(8)
Nichole Pinkard
Role, Goal, and Activity: A Framework for Characterizing Participation and Engagement in Project-Based Learning Environments	420	(7)
Virginia M. Pitts
Daniel C. Edelson
Outline of a Pattern-Oriented Research Strategy for Complex Learning Scenarios	427	(8)
Christoph Richter
Heidrun Allert
Contextualizing Instruction in Project-Based Science: Activating Students' Prior Knowledge and Experiences to Support Learning	435	(8)
Ann E. Rivet
Joseph S. Krajcik
Motivation to Read: Comparing Teachers' Perceptions of Students' Motivation with Students' Self-Reported Motivation: A Pilot Study	443	(6)
Robert Rueda
Julie Au
Sunhee Choi
Using ``Rules of Thumb'' Practices to Enhance Conceptual Understanding and Scientific Reasoning in Project Based Inquiry Classrooms	449	(8)
Michael T. Ryan
Janet L. Kolodner
The Impact of Example Comparisons on Schema Acquisition: Do Learners Really Need Multiple Examples?	457	(8)
Katharina Scheiter
Peter Gerjets
Julia Schuh
A Reform-based Framework for Observing Teaching	465	(8)
Rebecca Schneider
Joseph Krajcik
Phyllis Blumenfeld
Epistemic Frames and Islands of Expertise: Learning from Infusion Experiences	473	(8)
David Williamson Shaffer
GoGo Board: Augmenting Programmable Bricks for Economically Challenged Audiences	481	(8)
Arnan Sipitakiat
Paulo Blikstein
David P. Cavallo
SCALE: Supporting Community Awareness, Learning, and Evolvement in an Organizational Learning Environment	489	(8)
Amy Soller
Renata Guizzardi
Alessandra Molani
Anna Perini
What Constitutes Evidence of Complex Reasoning in Science?	497	(8)
Nancy Butler Songer
Amelia Wenk Gotwals
Replaying History: Engaging Urban Underserved Students in Learning World History Through Computer Simulation Games	505	(8)
Kurt Squire
Sasha Barab
Electromagnetism Supercharged! Learning Physics with Digital Simulation Games	513	(8)
Kurt Squire
Mike Barnett
Jamillah M. Grant
Thomas Higginbotham
Learning in Massively Multiplayer Online Games	521	(8)
Constance A. Steinkuehler
Supporting Middle School Students Use Nonlinear Science Texts in an Inquiry Classroom	529	(8)
Agnes Stylianou
Sadhana Puntambekar
Technology-Supported Systemic Reform: An Initial Evaluation and Reassessment	537	(8)
Daniel D. Suthers
Violet H. Harada
William E. J. Doane
Joyce Yukawa
Bruce Harris
Viil Lid
Diverse Settings for Learning and Teaching: Preservice Teachers Learning Pedagogy Online and On-the-Fly	545	(8)
Jody S. Underwood
Janet S. Bowers
Leveraging Handhelds to Increase Student Learning: Engaging Middle School Students with the Mathematics of Change	553	(8)
Philip Vahey
Deborah Tatar
Jeremy Roschelle
Fostering Reflection with Socratic Tutoring Software: Results of Using Inquiry Teaching Strategies with Web-Based HCI Techniques	561	(7)
Baba Kofi A. Weusijana
Christopher K. Riesbeck
Joseph T. Walsh, Jr.
The Effects of Teacher Social Presence on Student Satisfaction, Engagement, and Learning	568	(8)
Alyssa Wise
Juyu Chang
Thomas Duffy
Rodrigo del Valle
Organizational Learning in the Globalization Process	576	(7)
Le Zhong
Allan Collins
Jean Egmon
Posters
How Does Adaptive Scaffolding Facilitate High School Students' Ability to Regulate Their Learning with Hypermedia?	583	(1)
Roger Azevedo
Collaborative Learning in Distributed Seismography	584	(1)
Nelson Baloian
Henning Breuer
Ulrich Hoppe
Jose A. Pino
Equity and the Development of Technological Fluency	585	(1)
Brigid Barron
Jennifer Tackman
Caitlin Martin
Emma Mercier
Aditja John
Zanette Johnson
Susie Wise
Marie White
Sara McPhee
Peter Worth
Designing Pedagogical Agents to Address Diversity in Learning	586	(1)
Amy L. Baylor
We Built This City: Developing Students' Understanding of Ecology Through the Professional Practice of Urban Planning	587	(1)
Kelly L. Beckett
David Williamson Shaffer
Milo and J-Mole: Computers as Constructivist Teachable Agents	588	(1)
Kristen P. Blair
Daniel L. Schwartz
The Impact of Spurious Correlations on Students' Problem-Solving	589	(1)
N.M. Chang
K.R. Koedinger
M.C. Lovett
Understanding What's Hard in Learning About Complex Systems	590	(1)
Elizabeth S. Charles
Sylvia T. d'Apollonia
Personally-Seeded Discussions to Scaffold Online Argumentation	591	(1)
Douglas B. Clark
Using Games to Model and Evaluate Collaborative Learning	592	(1)
Cesar A. Collazos
Luis A. Guerrero
Jose A. Pino
Gerry Stahl
Sergio F. Ochoa
Who Is To Blame? The Impact of Views of Causal Agency on Reasoning and Decision Making	593	(1)
Maria Carolina DaCosta
Clark Chinn
Designing an Online Learning Environment for New Elementary Science Teachers: Supports for Learning to Teach	594	(1)
Elizabeth A. Davis
Julie Smithey
Debra Petish
A Reflective Analysis of Instructional Practice in an Online Environment	595	(1)
Matt DelMarcelle
Sharon Derry
What is Your Science Classroom Environment Like?	596	(1)
Yaron Doppelt
Christian Schunn
My World: A Case Study in Adapting Scientists' Tools for Learners	597	(1)
Daniel C. Edelson
Who has Why-Pox: A Case Study of Informal Science Education on the Net	598	(1)
Brian J. Foley
Deborah La Torre
Towards Systemic Professional Development: Teachers as E-designers	599	(1)
Lachlan Forsyth
Gillian Mulholl
Lynette Schaverien
Numerically Driven Inferencing about Abortion: Estimation and Rate Feedback's Diverse Effects on Personal Policies and Justifications	600	(1)
Jennifer Garcia de Osuna
Michael Ranney
Janek Nelson
Laura Germine
Developing Understanding of Basic Astronomical Concepts By Using a Virtual Solar System	601	(1)
Elchanan Gazit
David Chen
Yoav Yair
Learning from Category-Avoiding Instructional Examples Reduces Cognitive Load and Fosters Cognitive Skill Acquisition	602	(1)
Peter Gerjets
Katharina Scheiter
Richarad Catrambone
Interaction of Instructors and Students In a Science Class Based on Learning by Design	603	(1)
Yu-sun Gwon
Kazuhisa Miwa
Tools for Open Interpretation: Using Novel, Non-desktop Computing to Support Multiple Perspectives in Children's Historical Understanding	604	(1)
Tony Hall
Liam Bannon
Luigina Ciolfi
Kieran Ferris
Paul Gallagher
Nora Hickey
Anders Hedman
Audience in Computer Learning: A Constructionist Interpretation	605	(1)
Gillian R. Hayes
Anne Marie Piper
Bob Amar
Korin J. Bevis
Wendy Newstetter
Amy S. Bruckman
Computer-Assisted Engineering for Children: a Pop-Up Design Application	606	(1)
Susan Hendrix
Michael Eisenberg
A Multi-Level/Multi-Type Model for Design-Based Alignment of Instruction, Assessment, and Testing	607	(1)
Daniel T. Hickey
Steven J. Zuiker
Steven McGee
Is a Conversation with a Wall Really a Conversation? A Review of Gender Issues in Recent Science Education Literature	608	(1)
Thomas Higginbotham
Searching for Steven Spielberg: Introducing iMovie to the High School English Classroom A Closer Look at What Open-Ended Technology Project Designs Can Do to Promote Engaged Learning	609	(1)
Claudia Hindo
Ken Rose
Louis M. Gomez
Scaffolding Causal Reasoning	610	(1)
David Jonassen
Woei Hung
Johannes Strobel
Matthew Schmidt
Moon-Heum Cho
Information Infrastructures to Support Ambitious Instruction in Urban Schools: Bringing Diverse Perspectives to Bear on a Tough Problem	611	(1)
Diana Joseph
Nichole Pinkard
Increasing Diversity in the Information Technology Workforce: Implications from a Study of Factors that Predict Achievement in CS	612	(1)
Sandra Katz
David Allbritton
John Aronis
Christine Wilson
Mary Lou Soffa
Sam Goes to School: Story Listening Systems in the Classroom	613	(1)
Colleen Kehoe
Justine Cassell
Susan Goldman
James Dai
Ian Gouldstone
Shaunna MacLeod
Traci O'Day
Anna Pandolfo
Kimiko Ryokai
Austin Wang
Getting Your Socks Wet: Augmented Reality Environmental Science	614	(1)
Eric Klopfer
Kurt Squire
The Effects of ``Collaborative Discovery Learning with an Association Scheme'' on the Acquisition of Scientific Literacy	615	(1)
Hiroko Kobayashi
Social and Technological Innovations: Ways into The Knowledge Society	616	(1)
Mary Lamon
Carleen Andrews
Marlene Scardamalia
Supporting the Scaling of Innovations: Guiding Teacher Adaptation of Materials by Making Implicit Structures Explicit	617	(1)
Hsien-Ta Lin
Barry J. Fishman
Understanding Teachers' Conceptual and Pedagogical Knowledge of Probability	618	(1)
Yan Liu
Patrick Thompson
Using Handheld Technologies in High School Economics: A School-University Collaborative Design Project	619	(1)
Steve Lonn
Rodney Williams
Preparing Elementary Science Educators For Diverse Environments	620	(1)
Gail R. Luera
Charlotte A. Otto
A Breath of Fresh Air: Alternative Approaches to Learning	621	(1)
Surabhi Marathe
Lei Liu
Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver
Coevolution of Symbolic and Concrete Dimensions of Understanding	622	(1)
Taylor Martin
Classroom Strategies for Simulation-Based Collaborative Inquiry Learning	623	(1)
Tom Murray
Larry Winship
Neil Stillings
Esther Shartar
Ayala Galton
The Benefits & Challenges of Learning from Contrasting Video Cases	624	(1)
Anandi Nagarajan
Cindy Hmelo-Silver
Ellina Chernobilsky
Accuracy and Transfer in Associating Virtual and Embodied Toys	625	(1)
Sandra Y. Okita
Making Connections: The Discourse of Collaboration	626	(1)
Trena M. Paulus
The Community Practice of Teasing Among Latino Children	627	(1)
L. Pease-Alvarez
C. Angelillo
The Digital IdeaKeeper: Combining Digital Library Services with Support for Online Inquiry	628	(1)
Chris Quintana
Meilan Zhang
Students' Interest for and Work with Applet-Enhanced Word Problems	629	(1)
K. Ann Renninger
Nathalie Sinclair
Victoria M. Hand
Hollylynne Stohl
Suzanne Alejandre
Jody S. Underwood
Medium-Based Design: Supporting Bricoleur Designers	630	(1)
Jochen Rick
K.K. Lamberty
Improving Personal Home Pages to Support Learning as Becoming and Belonging	631	(1)
Jochen Rick
Mark Guzdial
Comparing Conflicting Perspectives on a Diffused Technology	632	(1)
Tom Satwicz
Reed Stevens
Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers to Use Technology: Analysis of Pre-service Elementary and Middle School Teacher's Interactions With Computer Modeling and Simulation Tools	633	(1)
Christina Schwarz
Jason Meyer
Ajay Sharma
Using Coordination Classes to Interpret Conceptual Change in Astronomical Thinking	634	(1)
Brett E. Shelton
Reed R. Stevens
Preservice Elementary Science Teachers' Identity Development: Identifying with Images of Inquiry	635	(1)
Julie Smithey
Elizabeth A. Davis
Diversity in Virtual Math Teams	636	(1)
Gerry Stahl
Wesley Shumar
Stephen Weimar
Automated Content Assessment Tools for e-Learning Environments	637	(1)
Lynn A. Streeter
Noelle LaVoie
Charles Krupnick
Joseph Psotka
Historical Reasoning -- Extended: A Case Study	638	(1)
Johannes Strobel
Berta's Tower: Understanding Physics Through Virtual Engineering	639	(1)
Gina Svarovsky
David Williamson Shaffer
Negotiating the Meaning of Representations in the Mathematics Classroom	640	(1)
Jennifer A. Tackman
Shelley V. Goldman
Tangible Programming and Role Play Program Execution for Kids	641	(1)
Jakob Tholander
Ylva Fernaeus
Jesper Holmberg
Inquiry Practices As Systems: Characterizing Important Elements of Reasoning	642	(1)
Carrie T. Tzou
Brian J. Reiser
Game of the Movement: Constructed Game Playing in Young Children's Classroom	643	(1)
X. Christine Wang
Insights Into the Complexity of Designing for Professional Development Networks in Educational Technologies: Tensions Between Structure and Agency	644	(1)
Susan Yoon
Eric Klopfer
Ginger Richardson
James Taylor
Using Museum Resources to Engage High School Students in Historical Thinking	645	(1)
Meilan Zhang
Robert B. Bain
Stephen Mucher
A Case Study of a Family's Digital Technology Use	646	(2)
Heather Toomey Zimmerman
Doctoral Consortium
Student Generated Analogies in Science: Analogy as Categorization Phenomenon	648	(1)
Leslie Atkins
Cooperative Problem-Solving and Learning in Computer-Mediated Settings: The Role of Shared Pictorial and Textual Applications in Free and Restricted Communication	649	(1)
Miriam Bertholet
Understanding the Social and Instructional Meaning of a Multimedia, Bilingual Instructional Tool for Educators of the Deaf	650	(1)
Elizabeth Digello
Designing for Participation: How Social and Environmental Factors Influence Educational Discussions	651	(1)
James Hudson
Designing, Playing, and Learning: Sustaining Student Engagement with a Constructionist Design Tool for Craft and Math	652	(1)
Kristin Kaster Lamberty
The Moderating Effects of Trust on Learning and Performance in Problem Solving Groups: Experimental Study	653	(1)
Larissa Malopinsky
The Good Field Trip: How Student Epistemologies of Science and Art are Affected by Trips to Museums and Other Sites	654	(1)
Sandra Toro Martell
E-Design for a Learning Journey	655	(1)
Nerida McCredie
Exploring the Development of Case Application Skills in Middle School Project-Based Inquiry Classrooms	656	(1)
Jakita Owensby
Local vs. Global Networks: Network Analysis of a Multi-User Virtual Environment	657	(1)
Kirk Job-Sluder
Index of Authors	658